Coulometric trace humidity measurement in technical gases
- Trace humidity was measured by using miniaturized planar coulometric sensors in technical gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, nitrous oxide, and synthetic air. Frost point temperatures tf in the gases ranged from −60 °C to −30 °C, which is equivalent to a vapour mole fraction xv from 10 μmol mol−1 to 376 μmol mol−1. In addition, the generated humidity was determined by using a precision dew point hygrometer as reference. Nonlinear calibration functions were calculated that correlated electric current (sensor signal) and reference humidity. Parameters of functions were tested with one-way analysis of variances (ANOVA) to prove if all used sensors had a similar behavior in the same gas during experiments. Results of ANOVA confirmed that averaged functions can be applied for trace humidity measurement in nitrogen, helium, nitrous oxide, and synthetic air. The calculated functions were negligibly different for nitrogen, helium, and synthetic air. In humidified nitrous oxide, a minorTrace humidity was measured by using miniaturized planar coulometric sensors in technical gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, nitrous oxide, and synthetic air. Frost point temperatures tf in the gases ranged from −60 °C to −30 °C, which is equivalent to a vapour mole fraction xv from 10 μmol mol−1 to 376 μmol mol−1. In addition, the generated humidity was determined by using a precision dew point hygrometer as reference. Nonlinear calibration functions were calculated that correlated electric current (sensor signal) and reference humidity. Parameters of functions were tested with one-way analysis of variances (ANOVA) to prove if all used sensors had a similar behavior in the same gas during experiments. Results of ANOVA confirmed that averaged functions can be applied for trace humidity measurement in nitrogen, helium, nitrous oxide, and synthetic air. The calculated functions were negligibly different for nitrogen, helium, and synthetic air. In humidified nitrous oxide, a minor change of parameters was observed due to lower electrical currents. In total contrast to that, the measured sensor signals were significantly higher in humidified hydrogen and each sensor required its own calibration function. The reason was a recombination effect that favoured multiple measurements of water molecules. Nevertheless, it was possible to measure continuously trace humidity in all tested gases by using coulometric sensors with an expanded uncertainty below 2 K (k = 2).…
Autor*innen: | Marc Detjens, Thomas Hübert, Carlo Tiebe, Ulrich Banach |
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Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | Review of scientific instruments |
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2018 |
Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung |
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren | |
Verlag: | American Institute of Physics (AIP) |
Verlagsort: | Maryland (USA) |
Jahrgang/Band: | 89 |
Ausgabe/Heft: | 8 |
Erste Seite: | 085004, 1 |
Letzte Seite: | 8 |
DDC-Klassifikation: | Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Chemie / Analytische Chemie |
Freie Schlagwörter: | ANOVA; Chemical sensors; Coulometric sensors; Measurement uncertainty; Trace humdity measurement |
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Chemie und Prozesstechnik |
Chemie und Prozesstechnik / Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik | |
Umwelt | |
Umwelt / Sensorik | |
DOI: | 10.1063/1.5008463 |
ISSN: | 0034-6748 |
ISSN: | 1089-7623 |
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access") |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 17.09.2018 |
Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 17.09.2018 |