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BEV Accidents - Consequences in Case of a Battery Thermal Runaway

  • The number of cars which use a battery for propulsion, like BEV (battery electric vehicle) or PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle), is increasing. Following, the probability of these car types being involved in car accidents will increase. In a worst-case accident scenario, the installed batteries could go under thermal runaway (TR). A TR could be initiated by various causes, e.g., high temperatures from outside, mechanical damage of the cells/modules/batteries or internal and external short circuits. During such an event, large amounts of heat and toxic and/or flammable gases are released. This poses a great hazard to people and property in the immediate vicinity. The paper describes a large-scale test series on the lithium-ion battery TR consequences of automobile cells and modules up to E = 6.85 kWh. Near field temperatures of ΔT > 800°C in a distance of l = 2 m were measured. During an overcharge test, fragment throwing distances of l > 30 m were detected. Subsequent gasThe number of cars which use a battery for propulsion, like BEV (battery electric vehicle) or PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle), is increasing. Following, the probability of these car types being involved in car accidents will increase. In a worst-case accident scenario, the installed batteries could go under thermal runaway (TR). A TR could be initiated by various causes, e.g., high temperatures from outside, mechanical damage of the cells/modules/batteries or internal and external short circuits. During such an event, large amounts of heat and toxic and/or flammable gases are released. This poses a great hazard to people and property in the immediate vicinity. The paper describes a large-scale test series on the lithium-ion battery TR consequences of automobile cells and modules up to E = 6.85 kWh. Near field temperatures of ΔT > 800°C in a distance of l = 2 m were measured. During an overcharge test, fragment throwing distances of l > 30 m were detected. Subsequent gas explosions of the released gases were documented. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) was measured in all tests, from cell to module. The highestmeasured concentration was cHF = 76 ppm, which is significantly higher than the 30-min-level for AEGL 2 (acute exposure guideline level 2). Based on the experimentally determined consequences, concrete measures for the accident analysis are subsequently drawn.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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  • EVU2023_01_Tschirschwitz.pdf
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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Rico TschirschwitzORCiD, Sarah-K. Hahn, Ulrich Krause
Dokumenttyp:Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband
Veröffentlichungsform:Graue Literatur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Proceedings of the 31st Annual Congress of the European Association for Accident Research and Analysis (EVU)
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2023
Organisationseinheit der BAM:2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit
2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit / 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern
Erste Seite:1
Letzte Seite:18
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Angewandte Physik
Freie Schlagwörter:BEV; Consequences; Electrical Energy Storage; Gas release; Lithium-ion battery
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Energie
Energie / Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung
Veranstaltung:31st Annual Congress of the European Association for Accident Research and Analysis (EVU)
Veranstaltungsort:Limassol, Cyprus
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:05.10.2023
Enddatum der Veranstaltung:07.10.2023
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:16.10.2023
Referierte Publikation:Nein
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