Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (29)
- Vortrag (26)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (20)
- Forschungsbericht (13)
- Beitrag zu einem Sammelband (11)
- Posterpräsentation (5)
- Sonstiges (2)
Schlagworte
- Aerosol (10)
- Laserdrucker (8)
- Cascade impactor (7)
- TXRF (7)
- Blauer Engel (6)
- Particles (6)
- Bürogeräte (5)
- Air quality monitoring (4)
- Emissionen (4)
- ICP-MS (4)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 4 Material und Umwelt (27)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (24)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (2)
- 1.4 Prozessanalytik (2)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (2)
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2)
- 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (2)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (2)
- 9.3 Schweißtechnische Fertigungsverfahren (2)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (1)
Paper des Monats
- ja (1)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (26)
This work presents results of investigations towards the emission of chemical reaction products and sound pressure during an outdoor and an indoor firework display. Potentially harmful and toxic gases, and aerosols, were measured as well as sound pressures. Aerosols were measured with a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) as well as a Laser Particle Counter. The focus was on particles with diameters between 11 nm and 20 µm. A transportable Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy detector registered the concentrations of emitted reaction gases, simultaneously. During the outdoor firework display, peak particle concentrations of >550000 particles cm-3, equivalent to a mass concentration of approximately 3.95 mg m-3, were detected, revealing a concentration maximum at approximately 175 nm particle diameter. The time-averaged particle mass concentration did not exceed 1.58 mg m-3 over 15 minutes. Due to the large distances (110 m) to the firing points, no significant harmful or toxic gas concentrations were measured during the entire firework display. In contrast, concentrations of sulphur dioxide (SO2) rose after an indoor firework display in a large event hall. On two days, more than 23000 particles cm-3 (which equates to a mass concentration of approximately 0.41 mg m-3) were detected when the hall ventilation was turned off, and more than 11000 particles cm-3 (which equates to a mass concentration of approximately 1.18 mg m-3) when the hall ventilation was activated. Concentration maxima appeared at approximately 300 nm particle diameter. The time-averaged particle concentrations in this case did not exceed 0.56 mg m-3 (over 15 minutes).
Development of wood-inorganic composites with enhanced properties and environmental stability
(2002)
Quantitative chemical analysis of airborne particulate matter (PM) is vital for the understanding of health effects in indoor and outdoor environments, as well as for enforcing air quality regulations. Typically, airborne particles are sampled over long time periods on filters, followed by lab-based analysis, e.g., with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Within the EURAMET EMPIR AEROMET project, cascade impactor aerosol sampling was combined for the first time with on-site total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy to develop a tool for quantifying particle element compositions within short time intervals and even on-site. This makes variations of aerosol chemistry observable with time resolution of only a few hours and with good size resolution in the PM10 range. A proof of principles of this methodological approach and the comparison to standard methods within the scope of a field campaign will be presented. Secondly, aerosol sampling and TXRF analysis seems suitable for the quantification of elements in indoor aerosols as well and may provide an important enhancement of existing methods for the analysis of organic species in aerosols (such as sampling and TD-GC/MS). As an example, the TXRF analysis of particles emitted from laser printers under controlled conditions in an environmental test chamber will be presented.
Quantitative chemical analysis of airborne particulate matter (PM) is vital for the understanding of health effects in indoor and outdoor environments and required by EU air quality regulations. Typically, airborne particles are sampled on filters, followed by lab-based analysis, e.g., with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Within the EURAMET EMPIR AEROMET project, cascade impactor aerosol sampling was combined with on-site total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy. The study aimed at a proof of principles for this new mobile and on-size tool for the quantification of aerosol element compositions and element mass concentrations within short time intervals of less than 12 h. In a field campaign the method’s technical feasibility could be demonstrated. The TXRF results were traced back to a stationary, reference-free XRS setup in the laboratory of the German national metrology institute PTB at the BESSY II electron storage ring in Berlin, Germany. Simultaneous PM10-filter sampling, followed by standardized lab-based analysis, allowed for a comparison of the field campaign data of both methods. As Fig. 1 shows, the correspondence between PM10 filter sampling and ICP-MS, and on the other hand, cascade impactor sampling and TXRF is quite encouraging. However, for some of the analysed elements, e.g. V and Pb, the observed deviations are higher than expected and this highlights the fact, that spectral deconvolution strategies for TXRF on cascade impactor samples still need some improvement.
This work was supported by the EMPIR programme, co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, through grant agreements 16ENV07 AEROMET and 19ENV08 AEROMET II