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Less extreme and earlier outbursts of ice-dammed lakes since 1900

  • Episodic failures of ice-dammed lakes have produced some of the largest floods in history, with disastrous consequences for communities in high mountains. Yet, estimating changes in the activity of ice-dam failures through time remains controversial because of inconsistent regional flood databases. Here, by collating 1,569 ice-dam failures in six major mountain regions, we systematically assess trends in peak discharge, volume, annual timing and source elevation between 1900 and 2021. We show that extreme peak flows and volumes (10 per cent highest) have declined by about an order of magnitude over this period in five of the six regions, whereas median flood discharges have fallen less or have remained unchanged. Ice-dam floods worldwide today originate at higher elevations and happen about six weeks earlier in the year than in 1900. Individual ice-dammed lakes with repeated outbursts show similar negative trends in magnitude and earlier occurrence, although with only moderateEpisodic failures of ice-dammed lakes have produced some of the largest floods in history, with disastrous consequences for communities in high mountains. Yet, estimating changes in the activity of ice-dam failures through time remains controversial because of inconsistent regional flood databases. Here, by collating 1,569 ice-dam failures in six major mountain regions, we systematically assess trends in peak discharge, volume, annual timing and source elevation between 1900 and 2021. We show that extreme peak flows and volumes (10 per cent highest) have declined by about an order of magnitude over this period in five of the six regions, whereas median flood discharges have fallen less or have remained unchanged. Ice-dam floods worldwide today originate at higher elevations and happen about six weeks earlier in the year than in 1900. Individual ice-dammed lakes with repeated outbursts show similar negative trends in magnitude and earlier occurrence, although with only moderate correlation to glacier thinning8. We anticipate that ice dams will continue to fail in the near future, even as glaciers thin and recede. Yet widespread deglaciation, projected for nearly all regions by the end of the twenty-first century9, may bring most outburst activity to a halt.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:G. VehORCiD, N. LützowORCiD, J. Tamm, L.V. Luna, R. Hugonnet, Kristin VogelORCiD, M. Geertsema, J.J. Clague, O. KorupORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Nature
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2023
Organisationseinheit der BAM:VP Vizepräsident
VP Vizepräsident / VP.1 eScience
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Jahrgang/Band:614
Ausgabe/Heft:7949
Erste Seite:701
Letzte Seite:707
DDC-Klassifikation:Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Chemie / Analytische Chemie
Freie Schlagwörter:Bayesian hierachical modelling; Outburst floods; Trends in extreme events
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Chemie und Prozesstechnik
DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-05642-9
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-570529
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:01.03.2023
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:01.03.2023
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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