Refine
Year of publication
- 2016 (30) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (peer reviewed) (30) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- no (30)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (30)
Keywords
- Disability and health (5)
- Functional status (3)
- International classification of functioning (3)
- Rasch analysis (3)
- Cohort study (2)
- Epidemiology (2)
- Health information systems (2)
- ICF (2)
- Psychomatrics (2)
- Rehabilitation (2)
- Spinal cord injury (2)
- Adaptive memory (1)
- Aged (1)
- Analytic network process (1)
- Ancestral priorities (1)
- Autoimmune disease (1)
- Bismut (1)
- Bismuth (1)
- Body movement (1)
- Casemix (1)
- Classification (1)
- Cognitive development (1)
- Comparability (1)
- Contractures (1)
- Corporate sustainability (1)
- DRG (1)
- Decision making (1)
- Disability evaluation (1)
- Distribution network; CO2 emissions; Road freight transportation; Traffic congestion; Online navigation service (1)
- Ehe (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Episodic memory (1)
- Evolutionary psychology (1)
- Familienrecht (1)
- Functioning information (1)
- Geriatric rehabilitation (1)
- Geschlechterverhältnis (1)
- Goal programming (1)
- Greenhouse gas emissions; Road freight transportation; Allocation; EN 16258; Game theory; Shapley value (1)
- Health (1)
- Health classification (1)
- Health status measurement (1)
- Health survey (1)
- Heterosexualität (1)
- Homosexualität (1)
- ICF Rehabilitation Set (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Independence (1)
- Inflammatory markers (1)
- Information standards (1)
- Informed decision-making (1)
- Inhibition (1)
- International Classification of Diseases (1)
- International Classification of Functioning (1)
- Liebe (1)
- Mathematical optimization (1)
- Measure (1)
- Mnemonic animacy advantage in children (1)
- Motor memory (1)
- Navigationsdienst; Verkehrsinformation; Logistik-Netzwerk; Straßengütertransport (1)
- Normativität (1)
- Nursing homes (1)
- OLED (1)
- Occupational balance (1)
- Organische Halbleiter (1)
- Osteoarthritis (1)
- Outcome (1)
- Outcome measures (1)
- Partnerschaft (1)
- Practicing standards (1)
- Psychometrics (1)
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (1)
- Quality improvement (1)
- Quality management (1)
- Rechtsreform (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Ressource utilization (1)
- Retrieval-induced forgetting (1)
- Sensitivity to change (1)
- Social participation (1)
- Standardized Reporting (1)
- Strategic suppliers (1)
- Supplier selection (1)
- Sustainable supply chain management (1)
- Systematic Review (1)
- affect (1)
- eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft (1)
- elementary school children (1)
- high-stakes testing (1)
- joint contracture (1)
- long-term memory (1)
- monetary reward (1)
- motivation (1)
- p-Dopants (1)
- p-Dotanden (1)
- personality (1)
- psychological factors (1)
- psychometrics (1)
- reliability (1)
- spinal cord injury (1)
- testing effect (1)
- validity (1)
„Hier wie da wird geliebt“: Liebe als universales Phänomen in Verhandlungen zum Familienrecht
(2016)
Obwohl Liebe eines der zentralen Begründungsmotive dauerhafter Paarbeziehungen darstellt, wird der Begriff im deutschen Familienrecht mit Bezug auf die Ehe oder die eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft nicht genannt. Davon ausgehend, dass in politischen Verhandlungen über Gesetzesänderungen eine Übersetzung gesellschaftlicher Realität in juristische Normen stattfindet, geht der Beitrag der folgenden Frage nach: Wie und wann sprechen Bundestagsabgeordnete von Liebe, wenn im Rahmen familienrechtlicher Reformen über Beziehungen zwischen hetero- und homosexuellen Paaren verhandelt wird? Das Material zeigt eine Spaltung zwischen einer Zuschreibung der Berechtigung von Liebe, die entweder mit sakralen Motiven in Verbindung gebracht wird, oder, wenn sie als unberechtigt gilt, als sexualisiertes Begehren abgewertet wird. Es ist außerdem darstellbar, dass eine universale Zuschreibung von Liebe bei hetero- und homosexuellen Paaren stattfindet, was allerdings wesentlich mit der Bereitschaft zur lebenslangen Unterhaltsverpflichtung zusammenhängt.
Ten new efficient p‐dopants for conductivity doping of organic semiconductors for OLEDs are identified. The key advantage of the electrophilic tris(carboxylato) bismuth(III) compounds is the unique low absorption of the resulting doped layers which promotes the efficiency of OLED devices. The combination of these features with their low fabrication cost, volatility, and stability, make these materials very attractive as dopants in organic electronics.
Objective: A national, multi-phase, consensus process to develop simple, intuitive descriptions of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) categories contained in the ICF Generic and Rehabilitation Sets, with the aim of enhancing the utility of the ICF in routine clinical practice, is presented in this study.
Methods: A multi-stage, national, consensus process was conducted. The consensus process involved 3 expert groups and consisted of a preparatory phase, a consensus conference with consecutive working groups and 3 voting rounds (votes A, B and C), followed by an implementation phase. In the consensus conference, participants first voted on whether they agreed that an initially developed proposal for simple, intuitive descriptions of an ICF category was in fact simple and intuitive.
Results: The consensus conference was held in August 2014 in mainland China. Twenty-one people with a background in physical medicine and rehabilitation participated in the consensus process. Four ICF categories achieved consensus in vote A, 16 in vote B, and 8 in vote C.
Discussion: This process can be seen as part of a larger effort towards the system-wide implementation of the ICF in routine clinical and rehabilitation practice to allow for the regular and comprehensive evaluation of health outcomes most relevant for the monitoring of quality of care.
In 2011 the Chinese leadership in rehabilitation, in collaboration with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Research Branch, embarked on an effort towards the system-wide implementation of the ICF in the healthcare system in China. We report here on the lessons learned from the pilot phase of testing the ICF Generic Set, a parsimonious set of 7 ICF categories, which have been shown to best describe functioning across the general population and people with various health conditions, for use in routine clinical practice in China. The paper discusses whether classification and measurement are compatible, what number of ICF categories should be included in data collection in routine practice, and the usefulness of a functioning profile and functioning score in clinical practice and health research planning. In addition, the paper reflects on the use of ICF qualifiers in a rating scale and the particularities of certain ICF categories contained in the ICF Generic Set when used as items in the context of Chinese rehabilitation and healthcare. Finally, the steps required to enhance the utility of system-wide implementation of the ICF in rehabilitation and healthcare services are set out.
Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Generic Set in routine clinical practice, and of creating a functioning score based on it, and, subsequently, to examine its sensitivity to change.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, data from 761 adult inpatients from 21 Chinese hospitals were analysed. Each patient was assessed at admission and discharge. Feasibility was evaluated by analysing mean assessment time. The Rasch model was used to create a metric of functioning. Sensitivity to change was analysed with mixed-effects regression and by calculating standardized effect size based on Cohen's f2.
Results: Mean duration of assessment was 5.3 min, with a significant decrease between admission and discharge. After removal of the item remunerative employment, the remaining ICF Generic Set categories fitted the Rasch model well. With a mean improvement in functioning of 12.1 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 11.5–12.6), this metric proved sensitive to change, both in terms of statistical significance (p < 0.001) and standardized effect size (Cohen's f2 = 2.35).
Discussion: The ICF Generic Set is feasible for use in routine clinical practice and is promising to serve as the basis for the development of a functioning score that is sensitive to change.
Objective: Functioning is an important outcome to measure in cohort studies. Clear and operational outcomes are needed to judge the quality of a cohort study. This paper outlines guiding principles for reporting functioning in cohort studies and addresses some outstanding issues.
Design: Principles of how to standardize reporting of data from a cohort study on functioning, by deriving scores that are most useful for further statistical analysis and reporting, are outlined. The Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study Community Survey serves as a case in point to provide a practical application of these principles.
Methods and Results: Development of reporting scores must be conceptually coherent and metrically sound. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) can serve as the frame of reference for this, with its categories serving as reference units for reporting. To derive a score for further statistical analysis and reporting, items measuring a single latent trait must be invariant across groups. The Rasch measurement model is well suited to test these assumptions.
Conclusion: Our approach is a valuable guide for researchers and clinicians, as it fosters comparability of data, strengthens the comprehensiveness of scope, and provides invariant, interval-scaled data for further statistical analyses of functioning.
Objective
Functioning is an important outcome in hand osteoarthritis (OA). The heterogeneity of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) available challenges the direct comparability of information collected by these instruments. This study aimed to examine whether it is possible to achieve metric equivalence of PROMs commonly used to measure functioning in people with hand OA.
Methods
A secondary analysis of data from 253 persons who participated in the Vienna Hand Osteoarthritis Cohort Study was conducted applying the Rasch measurement model. Participants completed the Health Assessment Questionnaire, the Australian/Canadian Index for Hand Osteoarthritis, the Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis (FIHOA), and the Cochin Scale. The assumptions of stochastic ordering, local independence, unidimensionality, and invariance were tested for each scale independently before the scales were co‐calibrated onto a common metric.
Results
Except for the FIHOA, all measures indicated issues of local dependency in the initial analyses. After accommodating those with testlets, all scales satisfied the assumptions of the Rasch model (χ2 > 0.05). Marginal misfit in 2 items was found in the FIHOA, but this did not disturb person estimates. As the 4 scales form a common metric that satisfies the assumptions of the Rasch model, the scores can be equated.
Conclusion
The scores of the 4 hand function measures can be transformed to a common 0–100 metric, such that scores can be interchanged. A user‐friendly transformation table enables clinicians and researchers to have access to the common metric by simply adding up the total score for each instrument and identifying the corresponding transformed score on the common metric.
Background
Joint contractures are frequent conditions in individuals in geriatric care settings and are associated with activity limitations and participation restrictions. As such, relevant intervention programs should address these aspects, and the effectiveness of such programs should be determined by assessing improvement in activities and participation. However, no patient-centred and psychometrically sound outcome measures for this purpose are available so far.
Objectives
The objectives of this study were to develop and to validate a new outcome measure, the PaArticular Scales, to quantify activities and participation in older individuals with joint contractures. Specific aims were (A) to operationalize the content of an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-based standard set towards meaningful questions and to combine them to a questionnaire and (B) to assess the psychometric properties of the developed questionnaire, in detail to evaluate test–retest reliability, objectivity, internal consistency reliability and criterion validity.
Design
Operationalization was reached by an expert consensus conference and a subsequent expert Delphi survey. Psychometric properties were assessed in a cross-sectional study.
Settings
Nursing homes, geriatric rehabilitation facilities.
Participants
23 experts (nurses, physicians, physical and occupational therapists) participated in the consensus conference and the Delphi survey. A total of 191 individuals with joint contractures (as confirmed by physician, nurse or physical therapist) between 65 and 102 years, living in nursing homes or as patients in geriatric rehabilitation were enrolled in the cross-sectional study.
Methods
Rasch Partial Credit Modelling.
Results
The consensus conference and Delphi survey resulted in a questionnaire with 86 items of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Test–retest-reliability among those was acceptable (Cohen's weighted kappa: 0.779). The Rasch analysis revealed two independent interval-scaled scales with 24 items for the Activities scale and 11 items for the Participation scale with high internal consistency reliability. Cronbach's alpha was 0.96 for the Activities scale and 0.92 for the Participation scale. Criterion validity was −0.40 and −0.30 for the Activities scale and for the Participation scale, respectively.
Conclusions
The PaArticular Scales, a new patient-centred and psychometric sound outcome measures to comprehensively assess the impact of joint contractures in geriatric care, are available now. These developed scales will serve as primary outcomes in a scheduled evaluation of a complex intervention to improve participation and quality of life in nursing home residents with joint contractures.
Previous developmental work has indicated that animacy is a foundational ontogenetic category that is given priority already early in life. Here, we investigated whether such priority is also present in children’s episodic memory, examining whether young children show enhanced retention of animacy-related information. Kindergartners and younger and older elementary school children were presented with fictitious (non)words (e.g., BULA, LAFE) paired with properties characteristic of humans (e.g., “likes music”), (nonhuman) animals (e.g., “builds nests”), and inanimate things (e.g., “has four edges”) and were asked to rate the animacy status of each nonword. After a retention interval, a surprise recognition test for the nonwords was administered. We found enhanced recognition of nonwords paired with human and animal properties compared with (the same) nonwords paired with inanimate properties. The size of this animacy advantage was comparable across age groups, suggesting developmental invariance of the advantage over the age range examined (i.e., 4–11 years). The results support a functional–evolutionary view on memory, suggesting that already young children’s memory is “tuned” to process and retain animacy.