000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme
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The Shape of “Computime”
(2025)
This article presents findings from ethnographic fieldwork in Silicon Valley investigating how computers utilize time and how human engineers and designers use and understand time. We found common themes across computational and human uses of time, including the quantification and calculation of time as a finite resource; the imbalance of clock time versus “event time” and linear versus cyclical time; the perception and reality of the acceleration and fragmentation of time; and an approach to programmability, which is applied to time, people, and the world as a whole. We show how these cultural assumptions become embedded into digital devices.
Critical Interactivity
(2025)
We propose critical interactivity as a concept to study and design the dynamic and transitory aspects of data visualizations. Theoretically, interactivity is often described as the means to support analytical tasks, while in practice, it encompasses the techniques that alter visual representations. These notions are a useful starting point to study the role of interactivity in critical engagements with data visualizations. At the core of critical interactivity is the negotiation of authority and agency: authority as authors provide structure and context, and agency as viewers navigate and interpret the data on their own terms. This raises the critical question: who has the power to control the visualization? Drawing from four case studies in science communication, art history, anthropology, and climate advocacy, we examine how critical interactivity links exploration and narration. We reflect on the effort involved in preparing data and propose design strategies for implementing critical interactivity in data visualization.
Finding evocative and sensitive digital representations for cultural heritage collections requires careful implementation and collaboration, encompassing data modeling, cataloging, ideation and prototyping. In this article, we present design-oriented research focused on visualizing a photo archive about the Jewish diaspora. Our aim is to create a web platform that offers multiple exploratory and narrative experiences. We reflect on our approach, which involves both digital and analog methods, emphasizing the affordances of visual cultural heritage and the unique characteristics of a Jewish heritage collection.
Mit KI zu tun bekommen
(2025)
This paper introduces FocusMetrics XR, a system designed to enhance collaborative analysis in XR environments using three-dimensional gaze visualization. By aggregating users’ fixation data into real-time 3D heatmaps on virtual objects, the system highlights shared areas of attention, improving coordination and mutual understanding during collaborative tasks. FocusMetrics XR integrates the Mixed Reality Toolkit (MRTK) with Photon Unity Networking (PUN) to enable real-time synchronization, ensuring efficient performance in resource-constrained XR settings. A lightweight rendering algorithm is used to visualize fixation-based heatmaps on complex 3D geometries, while an interactive cube tool allows users to focus on specific areas, optimizing computational efficiency and reducing unnecessary tracking. The system is demonstrated through a medical use case involving a 3D heart model. Initial evaluations suggest that 3D heatmaps improve data interpretation and collaboration, leading to faster and more accurate task completion compared to traditional methods. Users particularly appreciated the gaze-sharing feature, which helped align focus during group activities. Applications extend beyond medical diagnostics to education, collaborative design, and environmental monitoring. Future work will explore scalability in larger teams and dynamic environments, supporting more complex multi-user interactions.
Revealing relevant information on demand is an essential requirement for visual data exploration. In this state-of-the-art report, we review and classify techniques that are inspired by the physical metaphor of un/folding to reveal relevant information or, conversely, to reduce irrelevant information in data visualizations. Similar to focus+context approaches, un/foldable visualizations transform the visual data representation, often between different granularities, in an integrated manner while preserving the overall context. This typically involves switching between different visibility states of data elements or adjusting the graphical abstraction linked by gradual display transitions. We analyze a literature corpus of 101 visualization techniques specifically with respect to their use of the un/folding metaphor. In particular, we consider the type of data, the focus scope and the effect scope, the number of un/folding states, the transformation type, and the controllability and interaction directness of un/folding. The collection of un/foldables is available as an online catalog that includes classic focus+context, semantic zooming, and multi-scale visualizations as well as contemporary un/foldable visualizations. From our literature analysis, we further extract families of un/folding techniques, summarize empirical findings to date, and identify promising research directions for un/foldable data visualization.
Der Trog
(2025)
Der Trog is a prototype for a contactless, embodied breath-to-water interface, exploring the potential of Artificial Intelligence as a mediator to facilitate emotional and sensory interactions with nature. By tracking respiration via thermal image analysis and translating it into wave patterns on a water surface, the installation provides a tangible experience translating the user’s corporal rhythm onto a natural material. The present research project investigates whether such interactions can help bridging the gap between environmental knowledge and action within the ecological crisis, encouraging holistic empathy for nature. Der Trog aims to inspire new perceptions of our connection to natural elements, advocating for sustainable behaviour through meaningful, embodied encounters with the environment.
Datensadismus
(2024)
The aim of the workshop is to jointly reflect on theses and initial findings on information behaviour of information science students in the context of their use of AI tools and to draw conclusions from them for the further development of the teaching of information literacy. The workshop hosts suggest viewing the event as a kick-off for further collaboration in this topic area. The workshop connects insights from an empirical study conducted by the workshop hosts with theoretical considerations of information literacy and AI literacy. The study offers insights into the use of AI tools by information science students as well as the use cases for the use of AI tools. It also deals with the criteria that are relevant for the use of AI tools as well as the assessment criteria that students apply to the tools and their results. Building on that, the relation of AI information literacy on existing information literacy and AI literacy models will be discussed within the workshop to develop a first approach on the question, what constitutes AI information literacy. The workshop aims to lay a foundation for an ongoing discussion on the question what constitutes AI information literacy and how to foster it.