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Objective Vocational rehabilitation measures support youth and young adults with disabilities to obtain vocational training and to enter the labor market. In Germany, a growing number of young people with psychological disabilities in vocational rehabilitation can be observed. The study at hand focuses on this group and examines their (un-)unemployment biographies before vocational rehabilitation, their access to vocational rehabilitation and identifies their individual challenges within the process of vocational rehabilitation. Methods Using a multi-methods approach, we analyze representative administrative data of the German Federal Employment Agency as well as biographical interviews conducted with young rehabilitants. We compare the population of young rehabilitants with psychological disorders to those with other disabilities in terms of vocational rehabilitation and initial labor market entry in order to get a representative picture about their school to work transitions. Since rehabilitants with psychological disabilities tend to be older than the remaining population, analyses are stratified by age groups. In addition, qualitative in-depth interviews provide an additional and deeper understanding of specific employment barriers youth with psychological disorders have to overcome. Furthermore, the individual perspective gives insight on how the crucial transition from school to work is perceived by the population under study. Results The pathway into vocational rehabilitation of youth with psychological disorders is often characterized by obstacles in their transition from school to work. During rehabilitation, it appears essential to provide psychological stabilization along with vocational training. Although their average level of education is higher than those of other rehabilitants, labor market transition after (often company-external) vocational training challenges many young people with psychological disabilities, leaving many of them with comparatively poor labor market prospects. Conclusions Young persons with psychological disabilities, who come from regular schools or dropped out from regular school or university, seem to find their way to vocational rehabilitation more indirectly. Furthermore, vocational rehabilitation itself is often prolonged for those with psychological disabilities possibly due to a corresponding stabilization process. However, vocational rehabilitation can be a core element within the stabilization process of a psychological disease.
The study “lidA – leben in der Arbeit. German cohort study on work, age and health” was a two-wave panel study funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and examines the relationship between work, health and work participation among aging employees from an interdisciplinary perspective (www.lida-studie.de). The lidA study was carried out by an interdisciplinary consortium consisting of the Institute for Safety Technology at Bergische University Wuppertal, the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, the Institute of Social Medicine and Health Economics at Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, the Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine at Ulm University, infas Institute for Applied Social Sciences, Bonn and the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, as an associated partner. lidA contains a representative sample of persons belonging to the 1959 and 1965 birth cohorts and employed on the reference date for sampling, 31 December 2009. They were interviewed personally (CAPI) in 2011 (wave 1; N=6,585) and 2014 (wave 2; N=4,244). The data contain information about work and current employment relationship characteristics, work demands, workloads, subjective health indicators, socioeconomic status, household context and allow both cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. This dataset is now available as a Scientific Use File for the scientific community via the Research Data Centre of the Federal Employment Agency at the Institute for Employment Research. The report contains information on data collection, data editing, anonymisation and the description of the variables of the two waves.
Employment trajectories of German baby boomers and their effect on statutory pension entitlements
(2016)
Gender-specific differences in the frequency of depression to the disadvantage of women have been known for decades. In Germany, there is evidence that the prevalence of mental disorders also differs by occupation. The present study investigates whether for women working in male-dominated occupations and for men working in female-dominated occupations is related to depressive symptoms independently from other factors like work stress and work-family conflict. Special attention is paid to gender differences. Moreover, women are distinguished according to their working time (full-time or not). We use data from the first wave of the lidAstudy for our analyses. We make use of the applied Beck Depression Inventory, the effort-reward imbalance scales as well as the work-family conflict scale. Occupational gender segregation is defined as a share of 80 % of men and women per occupation, respectively. For women, the results of the multivariate analyses show an independent relationship between depressive symptoms and working in male-dominated occupations. Furthermore, significant interactions between occupational gender segregation and work stress are observed in both men and women regarding depressive symptoms.