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- 2013 (2) (entfernen)
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- A. Stainless steel (1)
- B. SEM (1)
- C. Corrosion fatigue (1)
- C. Kinetic parameters (1)
- C. Pitting corrosion (1)
- CO2 injection (1)
- Carbon capture and storage (CCS) (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Heat treatment (1)
- Steel (1)
The lifetime reduction of cyclically loaded AISI 420C (X46Cr13, 1.4034) constantly exposed to highly corrosive CO2-saturated hot thermal water is demonstrated in in situ-laboratory experiments (60 °C, brine: Stuttgart Aquifer, flowing CO2: 30 L/h). SN plots, micrographic-, phase-, fractographic- and surface analysis were applied to obtain sustainable information on the corrosion and corrosion fatigue behavior. Maximum number of cycles (here 12.5 × 106 cycles to failure) is reached at σa = 173 MPa. Hydroxide and siderite layers were found on pits and crack surfaces. No typical fatigue limit exists and pit corrosion prior to crack initiation may be identified as failure cause.
The appropriate strength of steels used for saline aquifer carbon capture and storage sites (CCS) is usually achieved by applying heat treatments. Thus, heat treatment influences the corrosion resistance for injection pipe steels with 13% chromium and different carbon content: 1.4034/X46Cr13 and 1.4021/X20Cr13 in CO2 saturated saline aquifer water at 60 °C, 1 and 100 bar. X46Cr13 shows better corrosion resistance with respect to corrosion rate, number of pits and maximum intrusion depth. Low corrosion rates are obtained for steels with martensitic microstructures exposed to supercritical CO2 at 100 bar, whereas normalized steels show better corrosion resistance at ambient pressure.