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Erich Fromms humanistische Philosophie einer Wissenschaft vom Menschen

  • >Erich Fromm’s Humanist Philosophy of the Need to Establish a Science of Man<: Erich Fromm’s concept of the scientific enterprise is characterized by the propounding of a special methodology. His concept of >science< is not in the least bit orientated to the natural or the social sciences. Rather it is based on reflections on the >situatedness< of human beings in the world (the conditio humana itself), reflections that rightly seen as constituting a philosophical anthropology. Moreover, Fromm does not proceed by generalizing and abstracting in either a deductively naturalistic fashion or in one that seeks its point of departure in the findings of the various sciences. Rather Fromm blends together insights derived from the various humanities and social sciences to arrive at his approach to the situatedness of human beings in the world. This he does by harmonizing the biological, social and psychical determinants so that their combined relevance for humanity becomes apprehensible, i.e. whether they are functional or dysfunctional. The rationality of the perceiving subject is always seen by Fromm as persisting in an interrelation with the activity-directed character of the subject. The upshot is that, by drawing on the character conception and its orientation, Fromm is not only able to reflect in his methodology the >interest< of the subject striving for objective knowledge, but he also manages to arrive at a conception of the scientific task that pegs it squarely to value judgements. This means that the science of man, understood as a genuinely human anthropology, is necessarily orientated to the humanistic ideal of love, productive rationality and productive activity. At the same time, Fromm attempts to draw on the science of man in order to demonstrate that humanism can be both humane and scientific at one and the same time.
  • >La filosofia umanistica di Erich Fromm di una scienza dell’uomo<: Il concepto frommiano di scienza si distingue per una sua peculiare metodologia. Il suo approccio non muove dalle scienze naturali o sociali, ma poggia su considerazioni filosofico- antropologiche della conditio humana. Non argomenta né in modo deduttivonaturalistico, né generalizza e astrae partendo da una singola disciplina. Fromm invece cerca di cogliere gli enunciati sulla conditio humana combinando le conoscenza delle scienze umane. Fromm infatti scorge nel carattere quell’entità in cui confluiscono le determinanti biologiche, sociali e psichiche, cogliendone l’importanza per l’uomo (funzionalità e disfunzionalità). Per Fromm la ragione del soggetto conoscente è sempre correlato al carattere del soggetto tendente in una determinata direzione. Con l’ausilio del concetto di carattere ed il suo orientamento, Fromm ci dà non solo una metodologia per cogliere >l’interesse del soggetto conoscente< verso una conoscenza oggettiva, ma approda anche a un concetto di scienza portatore di determinati valori. La scienza dell’uomo so orienta sugli ideali umanistici produttivi di ragione, amore e attività. Nello stesso tempo, con la sua scienza umanistica, Fromm cerca di fondare il suo umanesimo in termini di scienze umane.
  • >La filosofía humanista de Erich Fromm de la ciencia del Hombre<: La concepción frommiana de ciencia se destaca por una metodología particular. Su comprensión de ciencia no ésta orientada ni científico-naturalmente, ni sociocientíficamente. Ella se basa en reflexiones filosófico-antropológicas sobre la situación humana (conditio humana), pero no argumentada en forma deductivo-natural ni tampoco, generalizando y abstrayendo, a partir de una ciencia particular. Fromm intenta mas bien comprender las afirmaciones sobre la situación del Hombre a través de una combinación de los conocimientos de las ciencias humanas en el sentido de que él ve en el carácter aquella medida, en la cual las determinantes biológicas, sociales y psíquicas se funden y en su relevancia (funcionalidad y disfuncionalidad) se hacen reconocibles para el Hombre. La razón del sujeto que está conociendo, está siempre en Fromm en interrelación con la disposición caracterial del sujeto, de tal forma que Fromm con ayuda de los conceptos de carácter y de orientación no sólo refleja metodológicamente el >interés< del sujeto empeñado en obtener conocimiento objetivo, sino que también llega a desarrollar un concepto valorativo de ciencia: la ciencia del Hombre se orienta hacia el ideal humanista de la razón productiva, del amor y de la actividad productiva; al mismo tiempo intenta Fromm fundar con su ciencia humanista el Humanismo en forma humano- científica.

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Metadaten
Author:Rainer Funk
Parent Title (German):Wissenschaft vom Menschen – Science of Man. Jahrbuch der Internationalen Erich-Fromm-Gesellschaft, Münster (LIT Verlag), Vol. 1 (1990), pp. 28-39.
Series (Serial Number):Yearbook / Jahrbuch (1990-1995) (w01/1990d)
Document Type:Articles
Language:German
Year of first Publication:1990
Release Date:2012/12/13
Format:PDF-file to download
IdNo:Funk_R_1990l
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Articles / Artikel
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Articles / Artikel
International Erich Fromm Society's Writings:Articles / Artikel
Licence (German):
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