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The Exploration of Liberation Theory of Freudian Marxism – Centered on Marcuse [>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2012.

  • 作为西方马克思主义的主要流派之一,>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<是于20世纪二三十年代出现并于五六十年代得以发展。这一理论思想是声称要把马克思主义与弗洛伊德的精神分析学说>综合<起来,而实际是一种用精神分析学>改铸<马克思主义的非马克思主义思潮。任何一种成熟的社会理论都必然关注人的解放问题,并把解放作为自己理论的历史使命。准确把握一个特定的社会理论或者社会思潮的>解放<理论,自然也就成为一种最有益的尝试。因此,本文主要是以马尔库塞为中心,系统地梳理>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论,全文共分为四个部分:第一部分为引言。简单介绍本文选题研究的理论意义和现实意义,当前理论界对该选题的的研究现状,并简要阐述>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的理论渊源及其基本观点,进而勾勒出笔者研究的基本逻辑思路。第二部分主要考察>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论的基本语境。本章以赖希、弗洛姆为线索人物,引出弗洛伊德的早期意识与无意识理论与马克思主义的社会结构理论综合在一起,得出了社会无意识概念的理论轨迹。在此基础上,以>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<这一思想体系中最具代表性的人物马尔库塞为中心,以他的《爱欲与文明》一书为主线,对马尔库塞解放理论形成的个人经历、社会背景,以及其理论渊源作系统阐释。>弗洛伊德主义<与马克思早期的>人本主义学说<相结合,构建了一种对于>现代工业社会<的新的批判理论,并进一步论述了>现代工业社会<对于人的>爱欲<的>压抑<,并提出了>人的解放<本质上是>爱欲<的解放的理论观点。同时马尔库塞的这一>解放<概念还包含着对于实现人的解放和社会解放的>新道路<的探索。他通过揭示>爱欲<解放的依据并实际地把人摆脱>压抑<和扬弃>异化<而发挥>潜能<实现>爱欲<的过程看作了人的解放过程。第三部分主要是对马尔库塞解放理论的核心内容进行梳理。首先考察马尔库塞对当代资本主义社会的批判确立其解放的依据,马尔库塞认为,由于资本主义社会的>额外压抑<,人类要想获得解放就必须实现>爱欲<解放。其次,马尔库塞认为要想消除各种导致人们>额外压抑<的异化,从本能上释放自由,就必须赋予一种革命主体,马尔库塞在寻求革命主体的时候则经历了无产阶级—新左派—艺术家这一过程。最后,由于马尔库塞对解放的目标与革命的动因与主体都做出了新的解释,因而,马尔库塞对解放的路径也提出了新的看法,马尔库塞从经济、政治、文化、意识形态、艺术等各个方面出发,提出了社会主义革命道路应该选择>第三条道路<,即非暴力的反抗,也就是进行>伟大的拒绝<。第四部分立足于马克思解放理论对马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<解放理论进行评论。首先,本文认为这一解放理论有两个显著的特点:一是对当代资本主义的批判与透视,二是对所尝试>西方思潮<与>马克思主义<进行的结合有一定的帮助和启示。其次,在马克思主义看来,马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论带有显著的局限性,表现在:其哲学根基有着根本差异、>解放<理论的现实路径上也大异其趣。
  • As one of the main schools of Western Marxism, >Freudian Marxism doctrine< appeared in 1920s and1930, and got into full swing in1950s and1960s. This theory claims to integrate Marx’s theory with Freud's psychoanalysis theory, but actually it is non-Marxism thought which use psychoanalysis to >recast< Marxism. Any kind of mature social theory must pay close attention to people's liberation and regard liberation as the historical mission of his theory. It will naturally become a beneficial attempt to have an accurate grasp of >liberation< theory of a certain social theory or social trend of thought. Therefore, this paper, center around Marcuse, is to systematically tease Freudian Marxism liberation theory. - G253The paper will fall into four parts: The first part is introduction and will briefly introduce the theoretical and practical significance of the research and how far has this research been conducted at present, briefly describing the Theoretical Origin of Freudian Marxism theory and its basic points, and then outlines the author's basic logic thinking of study. The second part mainly focuses on the basic context of Freudian Marxism's liberation theory. This chapter takes Lai, Fromm as the clue character and lead to Freud's early consciousness and unconsciousness theory and Marxism general theory. And then, centers around Marcuse, the most representative figure in Freudian Marxism and take his book Eros and civilization as the main line to elaborate the personal experiences, social background, as well as its theory origin of the formation of Marcuse's liberation theory. The combination of >Freudianism< with Marx's early humanism theory builds a new critical theory of the modern industrial society. And elaborates the >repression< of modern industrial society on the >Eros<, and proposes the theory that human liberation is in essence >Eros< liberation. At the same time, Marcuse's >liberation< concept also includes the realization of human liberation and social liberation >new road< exploration. He reveals the >Eros< liberation and the basis actual put people out of >depression< and develop the useful and discard the useless >alienation< and play a >potential< implementation >Eros< process as the course of man's emancipation. The third part is mainly to tease the core content of liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. Firstly it examines Marcuse's social critique of the contemporary capitalist society and its liberation basis. Marcuse believes that due to the >additional depression< of capitalist society, human beings must realize >Eros< liberation if they want to liberate themselves. Secondly, Marcuse believes it if we want to eliminate alienations which lead to people's additional depression and to release instinct freedom, we must find a revolutionary body Marcuse in seeking revolutionary body when experienced the proletariat-New Left-artists of this process. Finally, by Marcuse on emancipatory goals and motivation of revolution and the main body have made a new interpretation, therefore, Marcuse on the emancipation path also offered new view, from the economy, politics, culture, Marcuse, ideology, art and other aspects set out, put forward the socialist revolution road should choose >the third road<, non violent resistance, is the >great refusal<. The fourth part, based on Marxism liberation theory, give a comment on liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. First of all, the paper holds that the liberation theory has two notable features: a critique of contemporary capitalism and perspective and to try to >Western genre< and >the Marx doctrine< was combined with some help and enlightenment. Secondly, it seems to Marxism that Marcuse's Freudian Marxism liberation theory has obvious limitations, for example: its philosophy basis has a fundamental difference, the realistic path of its liberation theory is quite different.

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Metadaten
Author:Zhiping Yang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2012
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Yang_Zhiping_2012
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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