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A new musculoskeletal AnyBody™ detailed hand model (2020)
Engelhardt, Lucas ; Melzner, Maximilian ; Havelkova, Linda ; Fiala, Pavel ; Christen, Patrik ; Dendorfer, Sebastian ; Simon, Ulrich
Musculoskeletal research questions regarding the prevention or rehabilitation of the hand can be addressed using inverse dynamics simulations when experiments are not possible. To date, no complete human hand model implemented in a holistic human body model has been fully developed. The aim of this work was to develop, implement, and validate a fully detailed hand model using the AnyBody Modelling System (AMS) (AnyBody, Aalborg, Denmark). To achieve this, a consistent multiple cadaver dataset, including all extrinsic and intrinsic muscles, served as a basis. Various obstacle methods were implemented to obtain with the correct alignment of the muscle paths together with the full range of motion of the fingers. These included tori, cylinders, and spherical ellipsoids. The origin points of the lumbrical muscles within the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus added a unique feature to the model. Furthermore, the possibility of an entire patient-specific scaling based on the hand length and width were implemented in the model. For model validation, experimental datasets from the literature were used, which included the comparison of numerically calculated moment arms of the wrist, thumb, and index finger muscles. In general, the results displayed good comparability of the model and experimental data. However, the extrinsic muscles showed higher accordance than the intrinsic ones. Nevertheless, the results showed, that the proposed developed inverse dynamics hand model offers opportunities in a broad field of applications, where the muscles and joint forces of the forearm play a crucial role.
Mental stress reduces performance and changes musculoskeletal loading in football-related movements (2020)
Auer, Simon ; Kurbowitsch, Simone ; Süß, Franz ; Renkawitz, Tobias ; Krutsch, Werner ; Dendorfer, Sebastian
Purpose: Football players have a high risk of leg muscle injuries, especially when exposed to mental stress. Hence, this study investigated the musculoskeletal response of elite youth football players during highly dynamic movements under stress. The hypothesis is that mental stress reduces performance and changes the muscular forces exerted. Materials & methods: Twelve elite youth football players were subjected to mental stress while performing sports-specific change-of-direction movements. A modified version of the d2 attention test was used as stressor. The kinetics are computed using inverse dynamics. Running times and exerted forces of injury-prone muscles were analysed. Results: The stressor runs were rated more mentally demanding by the players (p = 0.006, rs = 0.37) with unchanged physical demand (p = 0.777, rs = 0.45). This resulted in 10% longer running times under stress (p < 0.001, d = −1.62). The musculoskeletal analysis revealed higher peak muscle forces under mental stress for some players but not for others. Discussion: The study shows that motion capture combined with musculoskeletal computation is suitable to analyse the effects of stress on athletes in highly dynamic movements. For the first time in football medicine, our data quantifies an association between mental stress with reduced football players’ performance and changes in muscle force.
Thermische FEM-Simulation des Laser-Durchstrahlschweißens (2014)
Talbot, Sebastian ; Hierl, Stefan ; Schmailzl, Anton
Erstellung eines Konstruktionskatalogs für die additive Fertigung (2018)
Schillinger, Moritz ; Görlach, Julien ; Hierl, Stefan
Die additive Fertigung bietet vielfältige Möglichkeiten hinsichtlich der Bauteilgestaltung. Jedoch sind auch bei den generativen Fertigungsverfahren konstruktive Randbedingungen zu beachten, um Bauteile kostengünstig und mit optimalen Eigenschaften herzustellen. Es ist bereits umfangreiche Fachliteratur erhältlich, die entsprechende Konstruktionsempfehlungen gibt. Um Produktentwickler bedarfsgerecht zu unterstützen, ist jedoch ein Nachschlagewerk erforderlich, das mit geeigneter Systematik Konstruktionsvorschläge ausgibt, die zur aktuellen Problemstellung passen. Aufbauend auf dem Stand der Technik, eigenen Analysen und experimentellen Untersuchungen werden erste Ansätze für ein solches Nachschlagewerk vorgestellt.
Forschungsschwerpunkte im Labor Lasermaterialbearbeitung (2017)
Hierl, Stefan
Durch das Laserkunststoffschweißen können sowohl filigrane Nähte in der Mikrotechnik als auchtragfähige Verbindungen für Strukturbauteile hergestellt werden. In der Automotiv- oder der Medizintechnik-Industrie ist diese Fügetechnologie mittlerweile etabliert, jedoch sind die Anwen-dungsmöglichkeiten bei Weitem noch nicht ausgeschöpft. In kürzlich gestarteten Forschungsprojekten mit regionalen Industrieunternehmen und internationalen Forschungspartnern werden im Labor Lasermaterialbearbeitung weitere Potenziale gehoben.
Online-process monitoring of laser transmission welding for polymers (2013)
Schmailzl, Anton ; Hierl, Stefan
Optimierung der Spanndruckverteilung beim Laserdurchstrahlschweißen komplexer Bauteile mittels FE-Berechnung (2013)
Schmailzl, Anton ; Hierl, Stefan ; Sieben, Manuel ; Brunnecker, Frank
Potentials of the ALE-Method for Modeling Plastics Welding Processes, in Particular for the Quasi-Simultaneous Laser Transmission Welding (2018)
Schmailzl, Anton ; Hüntelmann, Sven ; Loose, Tobias ; Käsbauer, Johannes ; Maiwald, Frederik ; Hierl, Stefan
The Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian-Method (ALE-Method) offers the possibility to model the quasi-simultaneous laser transmission welding of plastics, in which a squeeze-flow of molten plastic occurs. It is of great interest to get a deeper understanding of the fluid-structure-interactions in the welding zone, since the occurring squeeze-flow transports heated material out of the joining zone, causinga temperature decrease inside.In addition, the numerical modelling offers the possibility to investigate the flow conditions in the joining zone. The aim of this article is to show the potentials of the ALE-Method to simulatethe quasi-simultaneous laser transmission welding with the commercially available software LS-DYNA. The central challenge is to realize a bi-directionalthermo-mechanically coupled simulation,which considers the comparatively high thermal expansion and calculates the interactions of solid and melted plastic correctly. Finally, the potentials of the ALE element formulations for the mathematical description of welding processesare shown, especially for those with a squeeze-flow.
Online-Prozessüberwachung beim Quasi-Simultanen Laser-Durchstrahlschweißen von Kunststoffen (2013)
Schmailzl, Anton ; Hierl, Stefan
Thermo-mechanische Struktursimulation mit ANSYS Workbench 14.0 am Beispiel des Laser-Durchstrahlschweißens (2013)
Schmailzl, Anton ; Hierl, Stefan
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