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- Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad, 1845-1923 (2)
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- Deutsches Röntgen-Museum (1)
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- 2022 (4) (remove)
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Starting in 1951, on the 50th anniversary of the award of the first Nobel Prize for physics
to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, the Lord Mayor of the German city of Remscheid has annually awarded
Röntgen Medals to scientists who "in the broadest sense have made a special contribution to the
progress and dissemination of X-ray discoveries in the theoretical and applied sciences". The
Röntgen Medal has become highly recognized in the scientific world. To date, more than one
hundred scientists have received this honour. Through their chronology, this contribution presents a
"Who’s Who" of X-ray science and provides selected insights into their scientific work; with special
focus on the fields of X-ray optics and X-ray astronomy.
Hochreflektierende Metallbeschichtungen sind essenziell für zahlreiche optische Elemente. Bewährte Spiegelbeschichtungen aus Silber und Gold bieten eine hohe und breitbandige Eigenreflexion im infraroten Spektralbereich, sind ohne geeignete Schutzschichten jedoch anfällig gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen und mechanischer Beanspruchung. Insbesondere im langwelligen Spektralbereich verringern die Absorptionsbanden dieser Schutzschichten teilweise die hohe Spiegelreflektivität wieder. Das Edelmetall Iridium (Ir) ist hart; extrem dicht; thermisch, mechanisch und chemisch stabil; weist eine ähnlich hohe Reflektivität im mittleren und fernen Infrarot, wie Silber und Gold, auf und hat zusätzlich eine hohe Beständigkeit gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen - auch ohne Schutzschichten. In diesem Beitrag werden die optischen und strukturellen Eigenschaften von Iridium-Spiegelbeschichtungen, welche mittels Atomlagenabscheidung (ALD) und DC-Magnetron-Sputtern hergestellt wurden, vorgestellt und miteinander verglichen. Die komplexen Brechungsindizes für ALD-erzeugte und gesputterte Iridium-Spiegelbeschichtungen wurden für Wellenlängen von 200 nm bis 20 μm bestimmt, welche nun bereits vorhandene Literaturwerte ergänzen.
In 1895, Professor Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen detected a new kind of radiation that was able to penetrate
solid materials, which he called x-rays. In 1901 Röntgen received the first Nobel Prize in physics in honour of this
ground breaking discovery. The Deutsches Röntgen-Museum in Remscheid in Germany is the institution that
uniquely and comprehensively explores and documents the life and work of W. C. Röntgen and the impact of his
discovery. The museum’s location in Remscheid is not coincidental, with Röntgen’s birthplace only a short walk away from
its exhibits. Every visit to the museum amounts to a unique expedition through the worlds of medicine, science, and
technology. The museum’s emphasis on the diversity of Röntgen’s invention by a multilingual, multi-medial approach
enables all visitors to make their own personal discoveries. The Deutsches Röntgen-Museum in Remscheid is a mustsee
for x-ray scientists from anywhere in the world. This contribution provides an insight into the history of x-rays and
offers a guided tour of the Deutsches Röntgen-Museum and its exhibits.
We address the problem of estimation the sensitivity of astronomical X-ray telescopes of Lobster Eye type , with emphasis on calculation of effective areas for telescopes designed for rocket and CubeSat flights. This parameter is one of the principal parameters when justifying the real space application. Indeed, the larger the effective area is, the more efficient the optical system is, able to provide images of fainter and more distant celestial targets. We discuss the estimation of the effective collecting area of a X-ray telescope by two different methods and then compare the results: the analytical method and then the simulation algorithm.