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We discuss the non-linear stress–strain behavior of microcracked polycrystalline ceramics under uniaxial tension and compression (displacement control).
Micromechanics explanation and modeling of its basic features, such as non-linearity and hysteresis in stress–strain curves, are developed, with stable microcrack propagation and “roughness” of intergranular cracks playing critical roles in tension and crack sliding playing a critical role in compression. Experiments involving complex loading histories are explained, and themodel is shown to reproduce the basic features of the observed stress–strain curves.