Analytische Chemie
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Erscheinungsjahr
- 2024 (2) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
Schlagworte
- Fluorescence (1)
- Mobile Robotic Olfaction (1)
- Oil spills (1)
- PCA (1)
- Petroleum (1)
- Portable (1)
- Rapid test (1)
- Smart Dust (1)
- Source Localization (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (2) (entfernen)
With the reduction of large oil spills because of stricter regulations and safety measures, the question of how to manage smaller oil spills arises. Few on-site analytical tools are available for first responders or other law enforcement personnel to rapidly test for crude oil in the early management of localized polluted areas. The approach reported here relies on well-described computer-assisted multivariate data analysis of the intrinsic fluorescence fingerprints of crude oils to build a multivariate model for the rapid classification of crude oils and the prediction of their properties. Thanks to a dedicated robust portable reader, the method allowed classification and accurate prediction of various properties of crude oil samples like density (according to API, the American Petroleum Institute and viscosity as well as composition parameters such as volume fractions of paraffins or aromatics. In this way, autonomous operation in on-site or in-the-field applications becomes possible based on the direct (undiluted and untreated) measurement of samples and a rapid, tablet-operated readout system to yield a robust and simple analytical test with superior performance. Testing in real-life scenarios allowed the successful classification and prediction of a number of oil spill samples as well as weathered samples that closely resemble samples collected by first responders.
Communities worldwide face significant threats from Explosive Remnants of War (ERW), which endanger lives and restrict land usage. From forest fires due to ERWs or in ERW-contaminated areas (e.g., in Jüterbog, Germany) to broader global challenges (e.g., the Ukrainian conflict), the need for efficient detection and removal of these remnants, especially for humanitarian demining, is paramount. Traditional methods, like manual demining, have severe limitations in safety and efficiency. Here, we introduce an innovative solution to these challenges: “Chemosensing Smart Dust.” This technology uses chemoselective dyes that change their fluorescence properties when exposed to explosives like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Fluorescence-based detection offers superior sensitivity, reduced likelihood of false positives, and enhanced accuracy of explosive detection. Drones, equipped with excitation lasers or LEDs, deploy the Chemosensing Smart Dust over areas of interest and actively detect the fluorescence changes using high-resolution cameras, offering a rapid, safe, and adaptable detection method. Beyond demining, this innovative approach has potential applications in monitoring polluted areas, homeland security, and emergency response.