Analytische Chemie
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Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a crucial biomarker for diagnosing cardiac vascular diseases, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study presents a proof-of-concept chemiluminescence-based immunosensor for rapid and accurate measurement of cTnI, with the potential for online monitoring. The immunosensor incorporates a flow cell design and a sensitive complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera for optical readout. A microfluidic setup was established to enable selective and quasi-online determination of cTnI within ten minutes. The sensor was tested with recombinant cTnI in phosphate buffer, demonstrating measurements in the concentration range of 2–25 µg/L, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.6 µg/L (23 pmol/L) achieved using the optimized system. The immunosensor exhibited high selectivity, as no cross-reactivity was observed with other recombinant proteins such as cTnT and cTnC at a concentration of 16 µg/L. Measurements with diluted blood plasma and serum yielded an LoD of 60 µg/L (2.4 nmol/L) and 70 µg/L (2.9 nmol/L), respectively. This biosensor offers a promising approach for the rapid and sensitive detection of cTnI, contributing to the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction and other cardiac vascular diseases.
Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death worldwide and responsible for 3.9 million deaths in Europe and over 1.8 million deaths in the European Union (2017) [1]. Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) is part of a triple protein complex and the most important biomarker for acute events such as heart attacks. Once a heart attack occurs, the blood stream within the heart is interrupted and further oxygen supply cannot be maintained. As a result, heart cells undergo apoptosis and their proteins will be released into the blood stream. Within the project CardioMet of the European Metrology Program of Research and Innovation (EMPIR) a biosensor for online-monitoring of acute myocardial infarction by detecting cTnI is being developed.