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Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 6 Materialchemie (21) (entfernen)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- ja (21) (entfernen)
Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick über die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Oberflächenfunktionalisierung mittels Mikro- und Nanostrukturierung durch Ultrakurzpuls-Lasermaterialbeabeitung. Dies schließt eine Diskussion des Phänomens der Laser-induzierten periodischen Oberflächenstrukturen (LIPSS, engl.: Laser-induced Periodic Surface Structures, Ripples), sowie deren Klassifikation und Bildungsmechanismen mit ein. Ein Schwerpunkt der Präsentation liegt auf der Diskussion verschiedener Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der LIPSS in Bereichen der Optik, Fluidik, Tribologie und Medizin, sowie auf einem Ausblick auf die industrielle Skalierbarkeit der LIPSS-Technologie.
Bonds and local atomic environments are crucial descriptors of material properties. They have been used to create design rules and heuristics and as features in machine learning of materials properties. Implementations and algorithms (e.g., ChemEnv and LobsterEnv) for identifying local atomic environments based on geometrical characteristics and quantum-chemical bonding analysis are nowadays available. Fully automatic workflows and analysis tools have been developed to use quantum-chemical bonding analysis on a large scale. The lecture will demonstrate how our tools, that assess local atomic environments and perform automatic bonding analysis, help to develop new machine learning models and a new intuitive understanding of materials.[5,6] Furthermore, the general trend toward automation in density functional-based materials science and some of our recent contributions will be discussed.
Bonds and local atomic environments are crucial descriptors of material properties. They have been used to create design rules and heuristics and as features in machine learning of materials properties. Implementations and algorithms (e.g., ChemEnv and LobsterEnv) for identifying local atomic environments based on geometrical characteristics and quantum-chemical bonding analysis are nowadays available. Fully automatic workflows and analysis tools have been developed to use quantum-chemical bonding analysis on a large scale. The lecture will demonstrate how our tools, that assess local atomic environments and perform automatic bonding analysis, help to develop new machine learning models and a new intuitive understanding of materials. Furthermore, the general trend toward automation in density functional-based materials science and some of our recent contributions will be discussed.
Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick zu ultrakurzen Laserpulsen, der Ultrakurzpulslaser-Materialbearbeitung und der dabei ggf. auftretenden unerwünschten Röntgenstrahlung. Es wird die Laserbearbeitung von technischen und biologischen Materialien diskutiert. Schutzmöglichkeiten gegenüber der Röntgenstrahlung werden erörtert.
Advances in ultrafast laser manufacturing: nanostructures, thin films, and scaling perspectives
(2024)
Advanced ultrafast laser technology is a rapidly growing field that currently enables many new industrial and scientific applications. During the last decades, this has been significantly driven by the availability of high-repetition-rate laser sources and novel beam delivery concepts. At the laser side, Moore’s law equally manifests for ultrafast laser technologies, since the average output power of such lasers doubles approximately every two years. This development is mainly driven by the increase of the pulse repetition rates of energetic laser pulses, currently enforcing the development of smart beam control and novel scanning strategies for preventing heat-accumulation and plasma-shielding effects during laser-based materials processing. This keynote presentation addresses the advantages, recent developments, and perspectives of laser processing with ultrashort laser pulses. A special focus is laid on the tailored structuring of thin films as well as the manufacturing and probing of sub-diffraction surface nanostructures – an ongoing race to extreme scales. Current limitations are identified and an outlook to future scaling perspectives will be provided.
Microplastic reference material is required for validation and harmonization purposes. This includes the analysis of the pure polymer particles and the validation of the respective measurement methods. In addition, there is the harmonization of different laboratories. On the other hand, sample preparation methods must be validated and harmonized with regard to their recovery and subsequent analysis in the respective matrices. For this purpose, we produce reference material candidates in the form of tablets with different mass fractions and particle numbers of polyethelene terephthalate. In the presentation first measurement results by µ-Raman, µ-FTIR, pyrolysis-GC-MS and TED-GC/MS will be presented.
The presentation gives an overview of BAM's activities on processing influences and application properties of MPEAs in the form of joined and machined high and medium entropy alloys (CoCrFeMnNi and CoCrNi). In the case of welding, the focus is on defect-free welded joints with sufficient mechanical properties. In the case of machining, the focus is on the possible influence on the surface quality of the materials through adequate milling parameters. In addition, the hydrogen absorption and diffusion properties as well as the electrochemical corrosion behavior are fundamentally examined.
Since microplastics (MPs) can be found everywhere and are becoming a problem of high concern, it is necessary to understand their physico-chemical properties. To obtain reliable analytical data a set of validated methods for sampling, sample preparation, detection, and data evaluation are needed.
To meet these needs an interlaboratory comparison (ILC) with 84 participants worldwide has been organized under the international pre-standardisation platform VAMAS (www.vamas.org/twa45/) as Project 2 “Development of standardized methodologies for characterisation of microplastics with microscopy and spectroscopy methods” within the Technical Working Area TWA 45 “Micro and Nano Plastics in the Environment”. In this ILC thermo-analytical methods (Py-GC/MS and TED-GC/MS) and vibrational methods (µ-Raman and µ-FTIR) have been tested and compared by providing a set of microplastic representative test materials and measurement protocols developed at BAM. The defined measurands were: particle number concentration, particle size distribution (PSD), and polymer identity and mass content. To increase the statistical quality, 6 samples were shipped together with blank samples. Hence, the ILC provides information on precision and accuracy of the results obtained with different methods as well as strengths and limitations of the proposed protocols.
The talk summarizes challenges in microplastic analysis. It shows the preparation of microplastic reference materials as well as the testing on homogeneity and stability. The reference material is used in an international laboratory comparison to compare different detection methods used for microplastic analysis. The methods used were µ-IR (FTIR+LDIR) for number-based methods and TED-GC/MS and Py-GC/MS for mass-based methods. The ILC was done under the umbrella of VAMAS TWA 45. Results of the participants are presented.