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Metallurgy and Tribology offer different novel tools for meeting fuel economy targets.
Each of metallurgy, coatings, additives and base oils promote itself as exclusively blessed way to assure fuel economy. It is likely, that two, three or all generate the bigger fuel economy benefits and make the team working difficult for the OEM.
Metallurgy and Tribology enables the implementation of new technologies for waste heat recovery, like hot steam.
In consequence, multi-disciplinary co-engineering needs to be established. Finally, this is the most promising way, but people dislike changes.
Embargo and dual use regulations limits the global availability of thin films and also some alternative steels.
Some of the properties intrinsically present in the backbone of polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), which have nowadays attracted the automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), are presented, such as bio-no-tox properties, heat capacity, extended drains, low friction, low AlSi-liner wear, fuel economy, and very high viscosity indices, and are achieved with metal-, ash-, and polymer-free formulations, which guarantee no adverse contamination of the lambda sensor and the active centers of the catalyzer as well as not to increase the exhaust back pressure of the particulate filter through ash deposits. This paper illuminates the latest results from OEM's engine bench and road testing supporting the following functional benefits: (a) bio-no-tox, (b) improvements of fuel economy, even when compared with latest hydrocarbon-based prototype oils, (c) reduced wear, (d) reduced engine friction, (e) extended drains, (f) suited for bio-fuels, (g) no adverse effects on after-treatment devices through ash-, metal-, and polymer-free formulations, etc.