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Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (32)
In klassischen Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen wird die Tragfähigkeit eines einzelnen Tragwerkselementes (z. B. Stütze) unter Feuereinwirkung bestimmt. In realen Brandsituationen interagieren jedoch brandbeanspruchte Bauteile eines Gebäudes immer mit dem angrenzenden Tragwerk. Für eine genauere Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit werden deshalb spezielle experimentelle Methoden benötigt, die eine Interaktion zwischen geprüftem Bauteil und Tragwerk in Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen berücksichtigen.
Zur Umsetzung dieses Anspruchs konnte in Kooperation mit dem Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Ispra, Italien, die bereits im Erdbebeningenieurwesen eingesetzte Substrukturmethode erfolgreich zur innovativen Nutzung des Stützenprüfofens der BAM portiert werden. Nach dieser Methode wird das gesamte Gebäude in zwei Teile zerlegt: Ein Teil entspricht dem zu prüfenden Bauteil, während der Rest des Gebäudes online durch ein analytisches oder numerisches Modell simuliert wird.
Im Vortrag werden entsprechende Ergebnisse zahlreicher Experimente neben Erläuterungen zu Hard- und Software präsentiert. Abschließend werden weitere Forschungsaktivitäten des Fachbereiches Brandingenieurwesen vorgestellt.
An intermediate-scale fire testing approach on the structural integrity of lightweight materials
(2013)
Carbon or glass über composites and Sandwich structures, the lightweight materials of choice for aviation, naval, offshore and construction show an enormous energy saving potential. Their combination of excellent specific mechanical properties, high corrosive resistance and thermal insulation properties in combination with various adoptable fabrication techniques leading to mass and fuel cost reduction. The most limiting single factor for a wider use of fibre reinforced plastics (FRP) in particular as elements for structural application is believed to be their fire behaviour (Mouritz and Gibson, 2006). FRPs promote burning by themselves consuming the stabilizing polymeric matrix while embedded fibers (glass, carbon) persisting the flame (Mouritz et ah, 2006). Already at elevated temperatures (100 - 200 °C) the matrix softens with a loss in mechanical properties (Perret et al., 2011, Mouritz and Gibson, 2006). For this reason the stability of the structural component is decreased severely. Fire behavior becomes the major hazard to worry about, increasingly demanding targetoriented investigation, suitable testing and tailored development.
Experimental approaches in the bench-scale have been proposed to investigate the structural integrity in the past (La Delfa et al., 2009, Gibson et al., 2010, Seggewiß, 2011, Mouritz and Gardiner, 2002, Schartel et al.). Ascribed to the small-scale neither the mechanical properties nor the effects of fire may be represented satisfactorily. Flence, the task is to perform more realistic investigations under adequate compressive loads in fully developed fires, based on suitable specimen sizes. Also (La Delfa et al., 2009)) have announced that it is evident that larger scale test of composites are needed. The aim of this study is to present a developed intermediate-scale test setup to perform more realistic investigations (Hörold et al.). Mechanical loading is generated by a column furnace in terms of compression due to a more severe response of specimens in fire tests (Seggewiß, 2011, Gibson et al., 2012, Feih et al., 2008, Feih et al., 2007). An oil burner used to determine the burnthrough resistance of thermal/acoustic insulation materials provides fire directly onto one side of the specimen (Federal Aviation Administration, 2003). Generating a fully developed fire the NexGen burner offers a homogenous heat flux of ~ 180 kW/m2. The intermediate-scale is addressed by specimen sizes either 500 x 500 mm or 1000 x 500 mm with a maximum thickness of 50 mm. The specimen attachment is realized by a compression device that was designed to apply the compressive loads, figure 1. The test setup for specimens with component like dimensions allows realistic investigations up to structural failure in absence and presence of fire load. A first test series was carried out with different levels of loading while the fire remained unchanged. Failure mechanisms, temperature distributions, diversity of FRPs regarding fiber, matrix, lay-up and core as well as flame retardant Systems are in the scope of investigation.
Advanced Modelling
(2019)
A systematic approach was used to investigate the weathering-induced degradation of a common water–based intumescent coating. In this study, the coatings are intended for humid indoor applications on steel substrates. The coating contains ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine, and polyvinyl acetate. By replacing each ingredient with a less water-soluble substance, the most vulnerable substances, polyvinyl acetate and pentaerythritol, were identified. Furthermore, the weathering resistance of the system was improved by exchanging the ingredients. The coatings were stressed by artificial weathering tests and evaluated by fire tests. Thermogravimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to study the thermal decomposition. This study lays the foundation for the development of a new generation of water-based intumescent coatings.