Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Vortrag (67)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (40)
- Posterpräsentation (23)
- Zeitschriftenartikel (21)
- Beitrag zu einem Sammelband (11)
Schlagworte
- Containerprüfung (3)
- Hochenergieradiographie (3)
- Materialerkennung (3)
- Mobile Radiographie (3)
- Neutronentomographie (3)
- Archäologischer Nassholzfund (2)
- Bridging separate competence areas (2)
- Computed tomography (2)
- Digitale Radiographie (2)
- Image processing (2)
- Kamera für hochenergetische Strahlung (2)
- Limited angle tomography (2)
- Materialgeschichtliches (2)
- NDT of wood (2)
- NDT-wide (2)
- Neutron radiology (2)
- Public security (2)
- Risk assessment (2)
- Risk definition (2)
- Security (2)
- Technical safety (2)
- Technical safety and public security (2)
- Tomography (2)
- Unilateral access (2)
- Annual rings (1)
- Anwendung für die öffentliche Sicherheit (Security) (1)
- Art restauration (1)
- Automatische Rauscherkennung und Kompensation (1)
- Backscatter (1)
- Bauholz (1)
- Bayes statistics (1)
- Bildliche Wiedergabe der Formen von Strahlenquellen (1)
- Bomb threat (1)
- Bridging safety and security (1)
- Bridging technical safety and public security (1)
- Brücke zur öffentlichen Sicherheit (1)
- Brückenbildung zwischen Zuständigkeitsbereichen (1)
- CT (1)
- CWA07 (1)
- Calibration and fitting methods (1)
- Carbolineum (1)
- Cluster finding (1)
- Cold to fast neutron testing (1)
- Common definitions (1)
- Compensation of insufficient knowledge (1)
- Compton imaging (1)
- Computed tomography (CT) (1)
- Computertomographie (1)
- Computertomography (1)
- Conservation of wooden artwork (1)
- Cultural heritage (1)
- DR (1)
- Data processing methods (1)
- Definition Kampfmittel (1)
- Demining (1)
- Detection Technology (1)
- Detection of defects (1)
- Detection of explosives (1)
- Detection technology (1)
- Diaphragm for high energy radiation (1)
- Digital Image Processing (1)
- Digital Radiological Methods (1)
- Digital filter (1)
- Digital radiography (1)
- Digitale Bildbearbeitung (1)
- Digitale Radiographie vor Ort (1)
- Dual Energy (1)
- EFNDT Arbeitsgruppe 5 (1)
- EFNDT Working Group 5 (1)
- EFNDT Working Group 5 (WG5) (1)
- EFNDT working groups (1)
- Eingeschränkter Winkelbereich (1)
- Electron spin resonance (1)
- Endothelial surface layer (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Existing hazards (1)
- Existing safety rules and procedures (1)
- Explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) (1)
- Explosives (1)
- Fibre composites (1)
- Film Radiography (1)
- Filter parameter (1)
- Filtering (1)
- Flash generator (1)
- Flaw Detection (1)
- Fundamentals (1)
- Fundmunition (1)
- Gefahrstoffe (1)
- Gefahrstoffnachweis (1)
- Gemeinsamkeiten in ZfP und öffentlicher Sicherheit (1)
- Hazardous and toxic gasses and vapours (1)
- Holz (1)
- Holzbauteilprüfung (1)
- Holzfäule (1)
- Holzschutz (1)
- Holzschäden (1)
- Humanitarian Demining (1)
- IP (1)
- Ill-posed problems (1)
- Image (data) processing (1)
- Image filtering (1)
- Image interpretation (1)
- Improvised explosive devices (IED) (1)
- Indications and inspections (1)
- Inspection with x-rays (1)
- Interdisciplinary approach (1)
- Interdisciplinary cooperation (1)
- Kontrollen (1)
- Kulturgut aus Holz (1)
- Laminography (1)
- Loss of integrity due to biological decay (rot) (1)
- Metal Detector Test Trials (1)
- Metal detectors (1)
- Mine Detection (1)
- Minen (1)
- Miscellaneous (1)
- Mobiles Röntgen (1)
- Molecular mobility (1)
- Multi-gas sensor (1)
- Multiple View Inspection (1)
- Möglichkeiten der Neutronenradiographie (1)
- NDT (1)
- NDT of Wood (1)
- NECTAR (1)
- Naturally grown material with individual structuring (1)
- Neutron (1)
- Neutron Imaging (1)
- Neutron computed tomography (1)
- Neutron-CT (1)
- Neutronenradiographie (1)
- Noise (1)
- On-site radiography (1)
- Particle-Based Radiological Methods (1)
- Pattern recognition (1)
- Perception of a subject (1)
- Physiological capabilities and constraints (1)
- Pinhole camera principle with high energy radiation (1)
- Presentation of spatial data (1)
- Prohability of Detection (1)
- Public Safety (1)
- Public Safety and Security (1)
- Public safety and security (1)
- Quality of wood (1)
- ROC diagrams (1)
- Radiographic testing (RT) (1)
- Radiography (1)
- Radiological inspection (1)
- Radiological methods (1)
- Rare events (1)
- Receiver Operating Characteristics (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Reliability tests (1)
- Röntgen-Rückstreuradiographie (1)
- Röntgenrückstreuradiographie (1)
- Röntgenrückstreustrahlung (1)
- Röntgenrückstreuung (1)
- Schlitzblende (1)
- Schlitzblendenkamera (1)
- Security application (1)
- Sicherheit (1)
- Slice theoreme (1)
- Spaltneutronen (1)
- Sprengstofffunde (1)
- Technische und öffentliche Sicherheit (1)
- Terahertz Imaging (1)
- Test and evaluation (1)
- Themenerweiterung (1)
- Threat Detection (1)
- Threat detection (1)
- Threats other than explosives (1)
- Tomographie (1)
- Tomography of wood samples (1)
- Twisted slit collimator (1)
- Unbiased image processing (1)
- Unexploded ordnance (UXO) (1)
- Variable Einstrahlgeometrie (1)
- Varibale Einstrahlgeometrie (1)
- Vergleich zwischen Röntgen- und Neutronenradiographie (1)
- Visibility of certain features (1)
- Vocabulary standards (1)
- Warfare substances (1)
- Wood (1)
- Wooden artworks (1)
- Working Group (1)
- X-ray CT (1)
- X-ray back scatter (1)
- X-ray backscatter technology (1)
- X-ray light materials (1)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (ZfP) (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (67)
Bildbearbeitung
(2002)
The existence of some 100 million active mines threatens human life and curtails substantially the economic base in over 70 countries. Humanitarian demining is tedious and it currently only employs metal detectors, prodders, dogs and armoured mechanical vehicles.
Achieving a world free of mines within a period of 10 years as stipulated in international treaties requires safer and more efficient technologies. In response to this challenge the Working Group 5 of the European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing (EFNDT WG5) was founded in Berlin in March 1999. The subject of this working group now consisting of 50 members from 17 countries is the detection of antipersonnel mines (APMD). The basic idea was to investigate existing NDT methods into their ability to aid mine detection. The scope of activities ranged from collecting available information, setting up links to related organisation, defining terminology and standards to selecting dedicated research projects. Since some of these tasks are already conducted by other organisations on an European and international level the attention of the working group has been focused mainly on two R&D areas and on reliability assessment studies. Otherwise, EFNDT WG5 APMD nevertheless remains open to novel approaches in mine detection. Aim of all activities is to provide deminers with safer and more efficient tools than merely with prodders and metal detectors currently used for their dangerous task.
Radiography is a helpful method to identify the inherent structure of unexploded ordnances (UXOs). Portable Computed Radiography (CR) systems on the basis of phosphor imaging plates , have attracted attention for NDT-applications during the last few years. A portable IP system ACR 2000 has been tested for X-ray inspection of UXO's in the field. Digitised radiographs are presented to explain the needs and demands for a reliable characterisation of UXO's. Computed radiographs of UXOs are compared with film radiographs exposed in the same way, to evaluate the reliability and to identify advantages and disadvantages of the CR system for UXO inspection. Film based and CR systems provide sufficient information for identification of chemical warfare agents in UXO's, which is an essential problem for explosive ordnance disposal. The advantages and the potential of the portable CR system is discussed on the basis of experiences gathered during different field trails.
Bildbearbeitung
(2002)
Demonstration von Beispielen zur Bildverarbeitung von radiologischen Aufnahmen (Speicherfolien)
(2002)
Podiumsdiskussion - Pro und Contra: Filmersatz durch digitale Medien, Empfehlung für die Zukunft
(2002)
Ability of Non-Destructive Testing to Contribute to Humanitarium Mine Detection and Clearance
(2002)
THz-Forschung in der BAM
(2004)
Human perception of images
(2005)
Throughout human history, wood has been used for various purposes: for
building shelters, houses and bridges, for manufacturing furniture and
household or agricultural appliances (from ploughs to spoons), as burning
material or simply as walking sticks. Contemporarily, vast amounts of wood
are going into paper production. As a consequence, different qualities of
wood are selected appropriately for the various applications. Beams incorporated
into buildings and constructions have to be sturdy and durable;
boards for furniture are supposed to be free of knots or are expected to have
certain ornamental structures. As long as wood is not simply destined for
burning it should be free of undesired knots or internal damages such as rot
or worm holes. Particularly in cases of infestation with wood destroying
fungi that definitely impairs mechanical strength and even may generate
hollows such damages are frequently invisible from the outside. Radiographic
methods are capable to detect internal damages as well as hidden
knots without the need of drilling holes or cutting a specimen to pieces.
The most thoroughly method to visualise the interior of a wooden specimen
is tomography which shows annual growth rings in their complete circumference
and all the knots or damages that might be included. However, some
of them as well as patterns of annual rings suitable for dendrological investigations
are recognisable with a less laborious method that might be applicable
even in the field, i.e. contemporary digital radiography combined with
image processing. Samples of lumber shall be presented showing the typical
annual ring structures and some infested areas.
EFNDT Marine Forum
(2011)
Abweichend von der gängigen Vorgehensweise, mit einem Bleistiftstrahl
die Lage eines Bildpunktes festzulegen und die rückgestreute Strahlung großflächig aufzunehmen, bietet die neu entwickelte Kamera Unabhängigkeit von Einstrahl- und Blickrichtung. Ausgestattet mit einer 'Optik' für hochenergetische Strahlung, wie die bereits beschriebene Schlitzblendenkamera, ist die variable Gestaltung von Einstrahl- und Blickrichtung möglich. Damit eröffnet sich die
Chance, Strahlung absorbierende Details in einem Objekt sichtbar werden zu lassen, die sonst von einer streuenden Umgebung überstrahlt würden. Zudem wird gezeigt, wie sich das Erscheinungsbild von Objekten umgebungsbedingt im Rückstreubild ändern kann.
Für die öffentliche Sicherheit wird gesorgt, indem Gefahren rechtzeitig entdeckt werden. Deren Ursprung kann im technischen oder menschlichen Versagen liegen, womit im englischen Sprachraum zwischen 'Safety' und 'Security' unterschieden wird. Hinsichtlich der Folgen verschwimmt aber dieser Unterschied, obwohl für deren Verhinderung unterschiedliche Zuständigkeiten existieren. Bezüglich des gemeinsamen Interesses und auch überlappender Methoden und Vorgehensweisen würden beide Seiten gewinnen können, wenn es eine Brücke zwischen ihnen gäbe. Eine solche zu schaffen hat sich die EFNDT Arbeitsgruppe (Working Group) 5 zur Aufgabe gestellt. Gestaltet werden soll sie durch gemeinsame Veranstaltungen und Seminaren, die zur Bildung von Konsortien und der Durchführung gemeinsamer Projekte führen sollen.
Verleimte Holzproben wurden je nach Größe mit thermischen (ANTARES) bzw. schnellen Neutronen (NECTAR) an der Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II) der Technischen Universität München in Garching untersucht. Entweder ließen die durchstrahlbare Schichtdicke oder die eingeschränkte Strahlgeometrie es nicht zu, das Probenteil allseitig zu durchstrahlen.
Um dennoch innere Strukturen wie Leimschichten zumindest mit einem eingeschränkten Winkelbereich tomographisch darzustellen, wurde mit Hilfe des Slice-Theorems erfolgreich rekonstruiert. Ein Brett von 2 cm Dicke wurde mit thermischen Neutronen erfolgreich untersucht, ein größeres mit schnellen.
The preservation of human achievements and progress is undoubtedly a pillar of our society. This includes detecting threats in time to prevent disasters that may occur from forces of nature, defective technology, human failure or malicious intent. In this respect, there is arguably no difference between safety and security, though different institutions are involved in the regulation and control of them. However, the unifying rationale ought to result in the building of bridges between them. This is the Working Group's mission.
Neutrons are absorbed particularly by hydrogen containing materials so
they can be used as a tool for visualising heterogeneous density distributions of organic materials. Penetration limits are set by the layer thicknesses and the neutron energies applied. In case of specimens with a flat shape the situation may be encountered that the object only could be penetrated in selected directions. In addition, the overall size may exceed the beam diameter and thus the viewing window if a certain region of interest should be studied by tomography without destroying the integrity of the specimen.
This study shows the capabilities and limits of thermal and fast neutrons to investigate flat wooden specimens such as boards and girders by neutron tomography under such circumstances. Taking projections was impaired either by the limits of penetrability or by the total size of the object. As a consequence, projections were included for reconstruction only from a limited angular range of 90°. It could be shown that an approach based on the slice theorem was capable to visualise structural features along the beam directions while simply omitting the perpendicular ones without causing additional artefacts.
Small samples with a thickness of up to 2 cm but several times broader could be studied with the ANTARES facility of the FRM II neutron source in Garching providing thermal neutrons while larger objects required a beam of higher energy as available in the NECTAR facility of the same institution. The fast (fission) neutrons (1.5 – 2 MeV) of this site allowed investigating an area of interest inside a girder with a cross section of 23.5 x 49 cm². Internal features such as inclusions could be detected as well as a heterogeneous density distribution in glue layers.