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- Building waste (1)
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Stained glass is a particularly sensitive medium that in many churches has stillnot received sufficient protection against destructive influences of many andvarious kinds. Over long periods of time, nearly all materials are subject tochemical and physical change. The dramatic scale on which the processes of decayoften occur results from the influence of corrosive gases that are part of themix of today’s atmosphere. A basic requirement in the preservation of anyhistorical monument is therefore interdisciplinary collaboration; only the jointefforts of art historians, restorers and technicians, as well as scientists,offer a chance to protect our artistic and cultural heritage from decline.
Measures to protect, conserve and restore stained glass are carried out by glassstudios. The project on which this chapter reports provides support for thispractical work through scientific back-up. In order to clarify what are verycomplex issues, a brief explanation of the scientific/technical context followshere, to preface the exposition of the basic questions posed.
Due to the great quantities of construction and demolition waste in Europe, the reuse of building material waste as secondary raw materials is of particular importance. A recycling of building materials can meet the requirements of sustainability in several aspects: the extended time availability of primary raw materials and the related protection of natural resources as well as the saving of landfill sites. In recent years sulphates originating from gypsum in secondary building materials, made of construction and demolition waste, received growing attention. Sulphates are unwanted in secondary building materials for concrete production as well as for other use e.g. in unbounded layers. The content of gypsum resp. sulphates in secondary aggregates can be reduced by different methods. Depending on the type of material different steps for selective dismantling can be used to separate gypsum containing residues from concrete rubble. Furthermore some steps for the processing of building rubble are suitable for the reduction of sulphates in the produced aggregates. An environmental evaluation of different ways for the production of recycled concrete aggregates was performed with regard to a reduction of sulphates in the secondary building material. The use of techniques for selective dismantling was environmentally advantegous for the deconstruction of three investigated model houses.