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- Mycotoxin (2) (entfernen)
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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi contaminating food and feed worldwide. Intake of these foodborne toxins can cause several diseases in humans and animals highlighting the need to understand metabolic pathways of mycotoxins. Methods of choice have been in vitro and in vivo approaches, so far. Beside hundreds of documented mycotoxins numerous new ones need to be elucidated and enhance the demand for fast and reliable methods. Here, we present electrochemistry coupled to mass spectrometry (EC/MS set up Fig. 1) as novel and promising tool in mycotoxin research. Electrochemical oxidation of mycotoxins like zearalenone, citrinin or dihydroergocristine lead to several oxidation products known from phase I biotransformation as well as new interesting reaction products analyzed by EC/MS, LC MS/MS and ESI-HRMS. To ensure a comparative overview results obtained from electrochemical oxidation experiments were compared to Fenton reaction, UV irradiation and microsomal experiments. The presentation will point out the benefits and drawbacks of EC/MS in mycotoxin research on the basis of selected food relevant mycotoxins.
Mycotoxins cause a variety of mold-related health risks which makes it necessary to further examine their metabolic pathways in human and other mammals. Beside standard in vitro assays with liver cell microsomes an increasing interest in new and rapid simulation techniques are playing a growing role in mycotoxin research.
Herein, the coupling of electrochemistry with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (EC/LC/MS) is presented as fast and simple method to investigate the oxidative fate of mycotoxins. For this case study, two food relevant mycotoxins (zearalenone and citrinin) were selected. Experiments were performed by using an electrochemical flow through cell integrated in the flow path of the autosampler of the chromatographic system. The reaction mixture was separated by a RP-C18 column and analyzed by a single quadrupole MS (Figure 1). Oxidation products were generated by applying potentials of 400, 800, 1200 and 1600 mV vs Pd/H2 using a glassy carbon working electrode. Different oxidation reactions like hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and dimerization lead to a diverse product pattern of the investigated mycotoxins.
In a comparative study, electrochemical generated reaction products were compared with metabolites produced by human and rat liver microsomes in vitro. The obtained data show that EC/LC/MS is a versatile and promising tool in mycotoxin research to support metabolic investigations of known and unknown mycotoxins.