Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (106)
- Vortrag (99)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (20)
- Posterpräsentation (18)
- Beitrag zu einem Sammelband (13)
- Buchkapitel (4)
- Sonstiges (2)
- Forschungsdatensatz (2)
- Corrigendum (1)
- Preprint (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (189)
- Deutsch (77)
- Mehrsprachig (1)
Schlagworte
- AFM (11)
- Low energy electrons (7)
- Raman spectroscopy (7)
- Epoxy (6)
- Atomic force microscopy (5)
- Boehmite (5)
- DNA (5)
- Multiphoton lithography (5)
- Cement (4)
- Dosimetry (4)
- Ectoine (4)
- Friction (4)
- Micropatterning (4)
- Nanocomposite (4)
- Nanocomposites (4)
- Nanolithography (4)
- Polydopamine (4)
- Polymer (4)
- Scanning force microscopy (4)
- Stiffness (4)
- Additive manufacturing (3)
- Adhesion (3)
- Aqueous solution (3)
- Compatible solute (3)
- Composites (3)
- Computed tomography (3)
- DNA damage (3)
- DNA radiation damage (3)
- Degradation (3)
- Direct laser writing (3)
- Electron irradiation (3)
- Electron microscopy (3)
- Fire resistance (3)
- Geant4 (3)
- Hydroxyl radicals (3)
- Indium phosphide (3)
- Intermodulation AFM (3)
- Interpenetrating polymer network (3)
- Interphase (3)
- Intumescence (3)
- Mechanical properties (3)
- Microdosimetry (3)
- Nanofibers (3)
- Nanoparticle (3)
- Radiation damage (3)
- Rheology (3)
- SFM/AFM (3)
- Scanning Force Microscopy (3)
- Surface properties (3)
- XPS (3)
- APTES (2)
- Aluminium oxide hydroxide (2)
- Biological structure (2)
- Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (2)
- CNT (2)
- Cancer (2)
- Carbon nanotubes (2)
- Ceramics (2)
- Curing kinetics (2)
- Cytop (2)
- DNA hybridization (2)
- DSC (2)
- Double-strand break (DSB) (2)
- DySEM (2)
- Early hydration (2)
- Ectoin (2)
- Electrical properties (2)
- Energetic material (2)
- Epoxy nanocomposites (2)
- Epoxy resin (2)
- Fast scanning calorimetry (2)
- Femtosecond laser (2)
- Femtosecond laser irradiation (2)
- Fire retardancy (2)
- Functionalization (2)
- Gamma radiation (2)
- Gasfluorierung (2)
- Glass transition temperature (2)
- Hydroxyectoine (2)
- IR (2)
- Interface/interphase (2)
- LET (2)
- Lethal dose (2)
- Microstructure (2)
- Monte Carlo simulation (2)
- Multi photon lithography (2)
- Multiphoton Lithography (2)
- Nanokomposit (2)
- Nanomechanics (2)
- Organic osmolytes (2)
- Oxidation (2)
- PA 66 (2)
- Photobleaching (2)
- Plasmid DNA in water (2)
- Polycarboxylate ether (2)
- Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) (2)
- Pull-out test (2)
- Radiation damage to biomolecules (2)
- Radiation protection (2)
- Radiation therapy (2)
- Radical scavenger (2)
- Raman imaging (2)
- Recycling (2)
- Rigid amorphous fraction (2)
- SZ2080 negative photo-resist (2)
- Salt (2)
- Single-strand break (SSB) (2)
- Solid-phase extraction (2)
- Solutions (pH, salinity, cosolutes) (2)
- TGA (2)
- TGA-MS (2)
- Thermoset (2)
- Titanium (2)
- Two-photon polymerization (2)
- Water structure (2)
- Weathering (2)
- X-ray scattering (2)
- -COOH und NF2-Gruppen (1)
- 1H-NMR (1)
- 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (1)
- 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) (1)
- 266nm (1)
- 2PP (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- 3D-printing (1)
- AFM cantilever vibration (1)
- AFM force distance curves (1)
- AFM force spectroscopy (1)
- AFM friction analysis (1)
- AFM intermittent contact (1)
- AFM plastic deformation (1)
- AFM stiffness of interface (1)
- ATZ (1)
- Abasic site (1)
- Ablation (1)
- Additiv (1)
- Adherends (1)
- Adhesion force (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Advanced materials (1)
- Aerospace (1)
- Agarose gel electrophorese (1)
- Aging (1)
- Alterung (1)
- Alumina toughened zirconia (1)
- Amino acid (1)
- Analysis and identification (1)
- Analytical Chemistry (1)
- Analytics (1)
- Antimony clusters (1)
- Antimony sulphide (1)
- Aqueous dispersion (1)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics (1)
- Atomic-scale friction (1)
- Auger electron spectroscopy (1)
- BET (1)
- BNP (1)
- Bench scale fire testing (1)
- Bench-scale fire test (1)
- Bench‐scale fire testing (1)
- Bending modulus (1)
- Bestrahlung (1)
- Bewitterung (1)
- Biomolecules (1)
- Bleaching (1)
- Blockcopolymer (1)
- Boehmit nanoparticle (1)
- Boehmite nanoparticle (1)
- Boehmite nanoparticles (1)
- Bundesoberbehörden (1)
- Böhmit (1)
- C3A (1)
- C3A hydration (1)
- CPD (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Calibration structure (1)
- Cancer therapy (1)
- Cantilever (1)
- Cantilever motion (1)
- Carbon fibre (1)
- Carbon nanotube CNT (1)
- Catheters (1)
- Cationic photocuring (1)
- Cellulose nanofibrils (1)
- Cement hydration (1)
- Central venous access port (1)
- Ceramic nano particles (1)
- Chain scission (1)
- Coating (1)
- Complication (1)
- Composite structures (1)
- Concrete (1)
- Conductivity microscopy (1)
- Cone calorimeter (1)
- Confocal microscopy (1)
- Confocal raman imaging (1)
- Contact interaction (1)
- Contact mechanics (1)
- Coordination polymer (1)
- Copper (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Counterions (1)
- Crack propagation energy (1)
- Crosslink density control (1)
- Crosslinking density (1)
- Cubic boron nitride (1)
- Cycloaliphatic epoxy oligosiloxane (1)
- DEA (1)
- DET (1)
- DFG (1)
- DMA (1)
- DNA base damage (1)
- DNA immobilization (1)
- DNA melting temperature (1)
- DNA oligonucleotide (1)
- DNA protection (1)
- DNA strand-break (1)
- DNS (1)
- Damage (1)
- Data (1)
- Delayed addition (1)
- Diethylaluminium phosphinate (1)
- Differential scanning calorimetry (1)
- Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (1)
- Diffusion barrier (1)
- Direct Laser Writing (1)
- Dispersion (1)
- Domain barriers (1)
- Dynamic ploughing lithography (1)
- EDX (1)
- EPS (1)
- Ectoine DNA interaction (1)
- Ectoine DNA protection (1)
- Ectoine UV absorption (1)
- Ectoine radiation protection (1)
- Ectoine-DNA binding (1)
- Effective irradiation dose 0.2-16 [Gy] (1)
- Eigenmode (1)
- Elasto-plastic response (1)
- Electrohydraulic effect (1)
- Electron irradiation 30 [kV] (1)
- Electron irradiation of DNA (1)
- Electrospinning (1)
- Electrospun nanocomposite fiber (1)
- Energetische Kristalle (1)
- Energiedissipation im Kontakt (1)
- Epoxy conversion degree (1)
- Epoxy resins (1)
- Epoxy-Anhydrid Duroplast (1)
- Excited states (1)
- Exfoliation (1)
- FIB patterning (1)
- FTIR imaging (1)
- FTIRS (1)
- Fabrication parameters (1)
- Faserverbundwerkstoffe (1)
- Femtosecond laser ablation (1)
- Femtosecond laser pulse (1)
- Ferroelectric (1)
- Ferroelectric domain-walls (1)
- Fiber surfaces (1)
- Fiber toxicology (1)
- Films (1)
- Fire behavior (1)
- Fire protective coating (1)
- Fire residue (1)
- Flame retardance (1)
- Flame retarded polymers (1)
- Flammability (1)
- Flash DSC (1)
- Flexible crystals (1)
- Flexural rigidity (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorescence imaging (1)
- Fluorescence labeling (1)
- Fluoropolymers (1)
- Force-Microscopy (1)
- Force-displacement curves (1)
- Force-distance curves (1)
- Force-distance-curve (1)
- Force-microscopy (1)
- Forschungsstrategie (1)
- Fs-time resolved microscopy (1)
- Geant4-DNA (1)
- Gel electrophoresis (1)
- Gene-5 protein (1)
- Glas transition temperature (1)
- Glasfaserverstärkter Kunststoff (1)
- Gold (1)
- Grafting (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphs (1)
- Grenzfläche als Material (1)
- Guanine content (1)
- HIPS (1)
- HOPG (1)
- Harmonic (1)
- Harmonics (1)
- Harmonix cantilever (1)
- Height Calibration (1)
- Height calibration (1)
- Heterogeneity (1)
- High throughput (1)
- Hot spot (1)
- Hot spot Theorie (1)
- Hot-spot (1)
- Hydration (1)
- Hydroxyl radical (1)
- I/V-characteristics (1)
- Images (1)
- Imaging theory (1)
- In situ near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (1)
- Indium Phosphide (1)
- Infrared nano AFM (1)
- Innovative Werkstoffe (1)
- Instability of TNP (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Interdiffusion (1)
- Interface/Interphase (1)
- Interface/Interphase Interdiffusion (1)
- Interfacial shear-strength (1)
- Intermodulation (1)
- Intermodulation-AFM (1)
- Interpenetrating polymer networks (1)
- Interphase/interface (1)
- Ionizing radiation (1)
- Knufia petricola (1)
- Kunststoff (1)
- LEE (1)
- LIPSS (1)
- Laser ablation (1)
- Laser direct writing (1)
- Laser induced periodic surface structures (1)
- Laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (1)
- Laser materials-processing applications (1)
- Laser radiation effects (1)
- Laser writing (1)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (1)
- Layered silicate (1)
- Lead magnoniobate (1)
- Leichtbau (1)
- Linear energy transfer (1)
- Lithography (1)
- Local electrical-properties (1)
- Low voltage SEM (1)
- Low-energy electrons (1)
- Luminescence (1)
- MDFEM (1)
- Magnesium hydroxide (1)
- Magnéli phases (1)
- Material chemistry (1)
- Mathematical model (1)
- Matrix adhesion (1)
- Maxwell-stress microscopy (1)
- Mechanical flexibility (1)
- Mechanical property (1)
- Mechanical testing (1)
- Mechanism of hot-spot formation (1)
- Melanised microcolonial fungi (MCF) (1)
- Meta material (1)
- Metal matrix (1)
- Metal oxide particles (1)
- Microfabrication (1)
- Microplastics (1)
- Microprinting (1)
- Microscopy (1)
- Microscopy (SFM/AFM) thermal diffusivity (1)
- Mikroplastik (1)
- Mikrorissbildung (1)
- Modal analysis (1)
- Modes (1)
- Modulated Lateral Force Microscopy (1)
- Modulated friction techniques (1)
- Molecular dynamics simulation (1)
- Molecular modeling (1)
- Molecular-dynamics (1)
- Monte Carlo (1)
- Morphology analysis (1)
- Motion detection (1)
- Multi-photon light structuring (1)
- Mussel-inspired materials (1)
- NF2-Gruppe (1)
- Nano (1)
- Nano particles (1)
- Nano scale (1)
- Nano-ceramic-additive-manufacturing photoresin (1)
- NanoCAM (1)
- Nanocomposite fibers (1)
- Nanocorrosion of aluminium and silicon (1)
- Nanodots (1)
- Nanolasers (1)
- Nanomanipulation (1)
- Nanomaterialien (1)
- Nanomechanical charecteisation (1)
- Nanomechanical properties (1)
- Nanometer-scale modification (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanopartikel (1)
- Nanosafety (1)
- Nanoscale adsorption and desorption (1)
- Nanostructure (1)
- Nanotribology (1)
- Nanoviscosity (1)
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Nondestructive testing (1)
- Nonlinearity (1)
- Normung (1)
- OH radicals (1)
- OH scavenger (1)
- OH-radical (1)
- Oberflächenpotential (1)
- Oberflächensteifigkeit (1)
- Open data on zenodo (1)
- Optical breakdown (1)
- Organic crystal (1)
- Organic nanofibers (1)
- Oxide coating (1)
- Oxide-films (1)
- Oxygen-containing functionalities (1)
- PBS (1)
- PFAS (1)
- Para-hexaphenylene (1)
- Para-sexy-phenylene (1)
- Perfluorinated polymer optical fibers (1)
- Phase-transition (1)
- Phenolic resin (1)
- Phosphinates (1)
- Photoconduction (1)
- Picosecond (1)
- Piezo response force microscopy (1)
- Piezoelectric translator (1)
- Piezoresponse (1)
- Plasmid DNA pUC19 (1)
- Plastic deformation (1)
- Plastikstrategie (1)
- Polyamid-6 (1)
- Polybutadiene (1)
- Polycarbonate (1)
- Polyester (1)
- Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (1)
- Polyglycerol (1)
- Polymer coating (1)
- Polymer embedding (1)
- Polymer matrix (1)
- Polymer optical fibers (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (PMC) scanning/atomic force (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (PMC´s) (1)
- Polymer-metal (1)
- Polymers (1)
- Powder processing (1)
- Preferential exclusion (1)
- Principle component analysis (1)
- Probing micromechanical properties (1)
- Pull-out (1)
- Pullulan (1)
- Purification (1)
- Pyrolysis (1)
- Quality infrastructure (1)
- Quantification (1)
- Radiation (1)
- Radiation chemistry (1)
- Radiation-induced attenuation (1)
- Radioprotector ectoine (1)
- Raman Spectroscopy (1)
- Real-time infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Recycling-by-design (1)
- Red phosphorus (1)
- Reference material (1)
- Reference structure (1)
- Referenzmaterialien (1)
- Reinforced composites (1)
- Release (1)
- Residue analysis (1)
- Resonance frequency (1)
- Ringversuch (1)
- Risstrajektorie (1)
- Röntgenstreuung (1)
- SEC (1)
- SEM (1)
- SEM/EDX (1)
- SFM (1)
- SSB (1)
- SYBR gold (1)
- Safety (1)
- Samarium (1)
- Scale (1)
- Scanning probe microscope (1)
- Scanning tunneling microscopy (1)
- Scanning/atomic force microscopy (SFM/AFM) (1)
- SchwarzP cells (1)
- Scratching (1)
- Secondary electrons (1)
- Security (1)
- Security labels (1)
- Self-assembled monolayers (1)
- Semiconductor (1)
- Semiconductor materials (1)
- Shear exfoliation (1)
- Shear strength (1)
- Silane (1)
- Silanized DNA (1)
- Silicon monoxide (1)
- Silicone rubber (SiR) (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Simulierte Sonnenstrahlung (1)
- Single crystal metals (1)
- Single stranded DNA (1)
- Slicers (1)
- Slippage of weakly linked layers (1)
- Slurry (1)
- Sodium chloride (1)
- Solid-liquid interfaces (1)
- Solid-state NMR (1)
- Solution plasma (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Spreading resistance microscopy (1)
- Stainless steel (1)
- Standard time temperature furnace (1)
- Structural characterization (1)
- Structural precision (1)
- Structure propertyrelationship (1)
- Structure-property relationship (1)
- Structured cantilever (1)
- Structure–property correlation (1)
- Structure–property relationship (1)
- Sub-aerial biofilms (SAB) (1)
- Sub-micron electrode (1)
- Sun (1)
- Sunscreen (1)
- Superplasticiser (1)
- Superplasticizer (1)
- Surface (1)
- Surface analysis (1)
- Surface functional groups (1)
- Surface reflectivity (1)
- TDS-GC-MS (1)
- TED-GC-MS (1)
- TGA-FTIR (1)
- Tensile test inside a TEM (1)
- Test artifact (1)
- Test structure (1)
- Therapy (1)
- Thermal degradation (1)
- Thermal diffusivity (1)
- Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) (1)
- Thermoplastics (1)
- Thermosets (1)
- Thin film (1)
- Time-resolved measurements (1)
- Tip (1)
- Transparency (1)
- Tunneling microscopy (1)
- Two photon polymerisation (1)
- Two photon polymerization (1)
- Two-photon polymerisatio (1)
- Two-photon polymerisation (1)
- Two-photon-polymerization (1)
- UV absorption (1)
- UV irradiation (1)
- UV photons (1)
- UV protection (1)
- UV radiation (1)
- UV-A (1)
- UV-B (1)
- UV-C (1)
- UV-Vis (1)
- Ultra-precision (1)
- Ultrafast optics (1)
- Van der Waals forces (1)
- Vanadium oxide (1)
- Vibration (1)
- Water (1)
- White light interferometry microscopy (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- Young´s modulus (1)
- Young’s modulus (1)
- Yttria stabilized zirconia (1)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (1)
- Zwitterion (1)
- attraktive Wechelwirkung (1)
- g5p protein (1)
- mechanical nonlinearity (1)
- mechanische Nichtlinearitäten (1)
- stl code (1)
- vibration (1)
- α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucans (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 6 Materialchemie (46)
- 6.6 Physik und chemische Analytik der Polymere (46)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (9)
- 6.5 Synthese und Streuverfahren nanostrukturierter Materialien (6)
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (4)
- 6.3 Strukturanalytik (3)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (3)
- 7.4 Baustofftechnologie (3)
- 4 Material und Umwelt (2)
- 5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation (2)
Paper des Monats
- ja (3)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (99)
Layered silicate epoxy nanocomposites: formation of the inorganic-carbonaceous fire protection layer
(2011)
The layered silicate (LS) modification and processing parameters applied control the morphology of the LS/polymer composites. Here, increasing the surface area of the LS particles by using alternative drying processes increases dispersion towards a more typical nanocomposite morphology, which is a basic requirement for promising flame retardancy. Nevertheless, the morphology at room temperature does not act itself with respect to flame retardancy, but serves as a prerequisite for the formation of an efficient surface protection layer during pyrolysis. The formation of this residue layer was addressed experimentally for the actual pyrolysis region of a burning nanocomposite and thus our results are valid without any assumptions or compromises on the time period, dimension, surrounding atmosphere or temperature. The formation of the inorganic-carbonaceous residue is influenced by bubbling, migration, reorientation, agglomeration, ablation, and perhaps also delamination induced thermally and by decomposition, whereas true sintering of the inorganic particles was ruled out as an important mechanism. Multiple, quite different mechanisms are relevant during the formation of the residue, and the importance of each mechanism probably differs from one nanocomposite system to another. The main fire protection effect of the surface layer in polymer nanocomposites based on non-charring or nearly non-charring polymers is the increase in surface temperature, resulting in a substantial increase in reradiated heat flux (heat shielding).
With an extended contact and non-contact mode scanning force microscope samples with different heterogeneous electrical properties can be characterized. The contact mode method allows the determination of local electric conductivities of heterogeneous systems at the sample surfaces. An interpretation of this behaviour can be obtained in combination with other SFM modes such as topography, friction and compliance used simultaneously. The non-contact mode SFM allows to get more information about the local surface charge of heterogeneous samples. In this paper two new SFM approaches will be discussed on examples of carbon-fibre reinforced, organic and ceramic materials
Chemical admixtures like superplasticisers or stabilising agents are of ever increasing importance for modern concrete technology. They liberate the workability of concrete from its dependency on water content, and thus, open the gate towards innovative and future oriented concrete technologies such as selfcompacting concrete. Meanwhile admixtures have become common practice in concrete technology, but the understanding of these highly complex polymers in the entire concrete system lags far behind their application. Due to its complex time-dependent, multi-phase and multi-scale behaviour, flowable concrete systems are highly complicated and cannot be described comprehensively by simple models. It is therefore extremely challenging to identify the relevant parameters that predominantly control flow phenomena on different size scales, since these may occur on any scale between the nano scale (e.g. superplasticizer adsorption) and macro scale (e.g. grading of the aggregates). The present study discusses fundamental mechanisms at the interface between particle or hydrate surfaces and the fluid phase at a very early stage of concrete formation, and links these effects to macroscopic flow phenomena. Methods are discussed that appear promising interdisciplinary tools for enhancement of the understanding of the relevant interactions that are responsible for the macroscopic flow of flowable concrete.
Central venous port devices made of two different polymeric materials, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)and silicone rubber (SiR), were compared due their material properties. Both naïve catheters as well as catheters after removal from patients were investigated. In lab experiments the influence of various chemo-therapeutic solutions on material properties was investigated, where as the samples after removal were compared according to the implanted time inpatient. The macroscopic,mechanical performance was assessed with dynamic, specially adapted tests for elasticity. The degradation status of the materials was determined with common tools of polymer characterisation, such as infrared spectroscopy, molecular weight measurements and various methods of thermal analysis. The surface morphology was an alysed using scanning electron microscopy. A correlation between material properties and clinical performance was proposed. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the polyurethane catheter materials can potentially result in increased susceptibility of the catheter to bloodstream infections and thrombotic complications. The higher mechanic failure,especially with increasing implantation time of the silicone catheters is related to the lower mechanical performance compared to the polyurethane material as well as loss of barium sulphate filler particles near the surface of the catheter. This results in preformed microscopic notches, which act as predetermined sites of fracture.
Text Multiphoton lithography (MPL) has recently attracted significant research interest as a versatile tool capable of producing 2D and 3D micro- and nanoscopic features with high spatial resolution. The integrity of MPL microstructures, or their ability to respond to external stimuli, is of critical importance. However, achieving the desired properties of fabricated microcomponents for a specific application remains a challenge.
In this work, we present new MPL materials based on epoxy-acrylate interpenetrating networks (IPNs). We aim at 3D microstructures, whose properties can be easily tuned by varying the ratio of the IPN components and fabrication parameters (Figure 1). The resulting library of 3D microstructures was investigated for their thermal and mechanical properties using highly-sensitive space-resolved methods. Flash scanning calorimetry revealed the influence of both, IPN composition and fabrication parameters, on glass transition temperature and material fragility. AFM force-distance curve and intermodulation methods were used to characterize the mechanical properties with a lateral resolution of 1 micron and 4 nm, respectively. The deformation, stiffness and elastic behavior are discussed in detail in relation to the morphology. Moreover, we found that some 3D IPN microstructures exhibit fully elastic behavior. Our funding encourages the further development of IPN systems as versatile and easily tunable MPL materials.
The chemical characteristics of two different types of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS), so-called high and low spatial frequency LIPSS (HSFL and LSFL), formed upon irradiation of titanium surfaces by multiple femtosecond laser pulses in air (30 fs, 790 nm, 1 kHz), are analyzed by various optical and electron beam based surface analytical techniques, including micro-Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The latter method was employed in a high-resolution mode being capable of spatially resolving even the smallest HSFL structures featuring spatial periods below 100 nm. In combination with an ion sputtering technique, depths-resolved chemical information of superficial oxidation processes was obtained, revealing characteristic differences between the two different types of LIPSS. Our results indicate that a few tens of nanometer shallow HSFL are formed on top of a ∼150 nm thick graded superficial oxide layer without sharp interfaces, consisting of amorphous TiO2 and partially crystallized Ti2O3. The larger LSFL structures with periods close to the irradiation wavelength originate from the laser-interaction with metallic titanium. They are covered by a ∼200 nm thick amorphous oxide layer, which consists mainly of TiO2 (at the surface) and other titanium oxide species of lower oxidation states underneath.
Chemical admixtures like superplasticisers or stabilising agents are of ever increasing importance for modern concrete technology. They liberate the workability of concrete from its dependency on water content, and thus, open the gate towards innovative and future oriented concrete technologies such as self-compacting concrete. Today, admixture addition has become common practice in concrete technology, but the understanding of their highly complex mode of operation is extremely difficult and demands for understanding of processes within the range between nanometres and centimetres. Due to its complex time-dependent, multi-phase and multi-scale behaviour, flowable concrete systems are highly complicated and cannot be described comprehensively by simple models. It is therefore extremely challenging to identify the relevant parameters that predominantly control flow phenomena on different size scales, since these may occur on any scale between the nano scale (e.g. superplasticizer adsorption) and macro scale (e.g. grading of the aggregates). The present study discusses fundamental mechanisms at the interface between particle or hydrate surfaces and the fluid phase at a very early stage of concrete formation, and links these effects to macroscopic flow phenomena. Methods are discussed that appear promising interdisciplinary tools for enhancement of the understanding of the relevant interactions that are responsible for the macroscopic flow of flowable concrete.
The image designed by Natalia Cano Murillo and colleagues shows the cross section of a ternary composite (boehmite/polycarbonate/epoxy, 80μm x 80μm). The surface was measured by AFM kelvin probe microscopy, yielding the surface potential which is shown as 3D‐surface and contour lines. The sample was further subjected to AFM force spectroscopy with a lateral resolution of 1μm², yielding the local Young's modulus, projected in false colors on the 3D surface. The ternary system, containing boehmite nanoparticles, shows a broad distribution of modulus, desirable for optimized macroscopic mechanical properties, such as high stiffness as well as toughness.
2PP-TestArtifact
(2023)
This repository contains a test artifact (TA), also called test structure, designed for two-photon polymerization (also known as Direct Laser Writing (DLW) or Two/Multi-photon lithography (2PA/MPA)). Test artifacts can be used to compare structures, to check options used by the slicer, check the state of the 2PP machine itself or to get a construction guidelines for a certain combination of power, velocity and settings.
The associated paper can be found here: https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/acc47a
General ideas behind the test artifact:
1. optimized for 2PP-DLW
2. should be fast and easy to analyse with optical microscopy or 3. scanning electron microscopy without tilt.
3. short time to fabricate
4. include a reasonable amount of different features
5. bulk and small structures on the substrate