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Organisationseinheit der BAM
When storage of spent nuclear fuel or high level waste is carried out in dual purpose casks (DPC), the effects of aging on safety relevant DPC functions and properties have to be managed in a way that a safe transport after the storage period of several decades is capable and can be justified and certified permanently throughout that period. The effects of aging mechanisms (e.g. radiation, different corrosion mechanisms, stress relaxation, creep, structural changes and degradation) on the transport package design safety assessment features have to be evaluated. Consideration of these issues in the DPC transport safety case will be addressed. Special attention is given to all cask components that cannot be directly inspected or changed without opening the cask cavity, like the inner parts of the closure system and the cask internals, like baskets or spent fuel assemblies. The design criteria of that transport safety case have to consider the operational impacts during storage. Aging is not the subject of technical aspects only but also of intellectual aspects, like changing standards, scientific/technical knowledge development and personal as well as institutional alterations. Those aspects are to be considered in the management system of license holders and in appropriate design approval update processes. The paper addresses issues that are subject of an actual International Atomic Energy Agency TECDOC draft 'Preparation of a safety case for a dual purpose cask containing spent nuclear fuel'.
An zwei mit Flüssiggas (Propan) gefüllten Lagerbehältern mit Brandschutzisolierung wurden Brandversuche über eine Dauer von bis zu 90 Minuten durchgeführt. Für eine Brandschutzisolierung wurde erstmals experimentell die Erfüllung der entsprechenden Brandschutzanforderungen der Technischen Regel Druckbehälter TRB 610 nachgewiesen.
Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) führte am 27. April 1999 auf ihrem Prüfgelände in Horstwalde (südlich von Berlin) einen Brandversuch mit einem 45-m³-Kesselwagen, der mit 10 m³ (5,1 t) Propan gefüllt war, durch. Dieser Versuch sollte Erkenntnisse liefern zur Beurteilung des thermischen Verhaltens von Flüssiggastanks in einem Unfallfeuer und Hinweise zur Ableitung von Katastrophenschutzmaßnahmen geben. Über Versuchsaufbau, -durchführung und -ergebnisse bezüglich des Propan-Kesselwagens wurde in dieser Zeitschrift berichtet [1].