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Several geometrical analytical tools can be used for assessing the potential benefits of any alternative tank shape. The quasistatic evaluation of the cargo-vehicle behavior represents a fast way to objectively determine the roll stability benefits of any potentially new tank shape. In this paper, the geometrical, quasistatic rollover performance of a convex bottom tank shape is compared with that of standard tank shapes, finding that in spite of the lower position of the cargo´s center of gravity in such a tank shape for the un-perturbed condition, it has the same performance as the elliptical tank shape when subjected to Steady lateral acceleration. That as a result of the large cargo´s lateral displacement. Consequently, the combination of a lower center of gravity for the cargo when it is not perturbed, and a Minimum lateral shift due to lateral accelerations inputs, define the conditions for an ideal tank shape.
Simulation of liquid cargo – vehicle interaction under lateral and longitudinal accelerations
(2018)
Amongst the vehicle parameters influencing road safety, the carried cargo plays a critical role in the case of a liquid cargo, posing rollover risk and affecting the available friction forces for braking. While the lateral sloshing of the cargo within the vehicle´s compartments, can be excited when the vehicle negotiates a turn, the longitudinal motion of the cargo derives from changes of speed. The combination of both types of perturbations occurs when the vehicle brakes while negotiating a turn. In this paper, a two-pendulum formulation is used to simulate the lateral and longitudinal behavior of a vehicle when negotiating a braking in a turn maneuver. The suspension forces are thus calculated as the linear superposition of both models. Results suggest that the vehicle roll stability is affected by the cargo sloshing, with increments on the order of 100% in the lateral load transfer, for a 50% filled tank. On the other hand, the dispersion of the travelling speed also affects the lateral stability of such type of vehicles, as a function of the dispersion of the vehicle´s travelling speed.