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Autor

  • Hahn, Marc Benjamin (4)
  • Meyer, Susann (4)
  • Schröter, Maria-Astrid (3)
  • Solomun, Tihomir (3)
  • Sturm, Heinz (3)
  • Kunte, Hans-Jörg (2)
  • Kunte, Hans Jörg (1)
  • Kunte, Hans-Joerg (1)
  • Seitz, H. (1)
  • Solumon, Tihomir (1)
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Erscheinungsjahr

  • 2017 (4) (entfernen)

Referierte Publikation

  • ja (4) (entfernen)

Schlagworte

  • DNA (2)
  • DNA radiation damage (2)
  • Double-strand break (DSB) (2)
  • Lethal dose (2)
  • Low energy electrons (2)
  • Monte Carlo simulation (2)
  • Plasmid DNA in water (2)
  • Radiation damage to biomolecules (2)
  • Single-strand break (SSB) (2)
  • Solutions (pH, salinity, cosolutes) (2)
+ weitere

Organisationseinheit der BAM

  • 4 Material und Umwelt (4)
  • 6 Materialschutz und Oberflächentechnik (4)
  • 6.6 Nano-Tribologie und Nanostrukturierung von Oberflächen (4)
  • 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (3)
  • 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (1)

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Measurements and simulations of microscopic damage to DNA in water by 30 keV electrons: A general approach applicable to other radiation sources and biological targets (2017)
Hahn, Marc Benjamin ; Meyer, Susann ; Kunte, Hans-Joerg ; Solomun, Tihomir ; Sturm, Heinz
The determination of the microscopic dose-damage relationship for DNA in an aqueous environment is of a fundamental interest for dosimetry and applications in radiation therapy and protection. We combine geant4 particle-scattering simulations in water with calculations concerning the movement of biomolecules to obtain the energy deposit in the biologically relevant nanoscopic volume. We juxtaposition these results to the experimentally determined damage to obtain the dose-damage relationship at a molecular level. This approach is tested for an experimentally challenging system concerning the direct irradiation of plasmid DNA (pUC19) in water with electrons as primary particles. Here a microscopic target model for the plasmid DNA based on the relation of lineal energy and radiation quality is used to calculate the effective target volume. It was found that on average fewer than two ionizations within a 7.5-nm radius around the sugar-phosphate backbone are sufficient to cause a single strand break, with a corresponding median lethal energy deposit being E1/2=6±4 eV. The presented method is applicable for ionizing radiation (e.g., γ rays, x rays, and electrons) and a variety of targets, such as DNA, proteins, or cells.
Direct electron irradiation of DNA in fully aqueous environment. Damage determination in combination with Monte Carlo simulations (2017)
Hahn, Marc Benjamin ; Meyer, Susann ; Schröter, Maria-Astrid ; Seitz, H. ; Kunte, Hans-Jörg ; Solomun, Tihomir ; Sturm, Heinz
We report on a study in which plasmid DNA in water was irradiated with 30 keV electrons generated by a scanning electron microscope and passed through a 100 nm thick Si3N4 membrane. The corresponding Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the kinetic energy spectrum of the electrons throughout the water is dominated by low energy electrons (<100 eV). The DNA radiation damage, single-strand breaks (SSB) and double-strand breaks (DSB), was determined by electrophoresis. The median lethal dose of D1/2 = 1.7 ± 0.3 Gy was found to be much smaller compared to partially or fully hydrated DNA irradiated under vacuum conditions. The ratio of DSB to SSB was found to be (1:12) as compared to 1:88) found for hydrated DNA. Our method enables quantitative measurements of radiation damage to biomolecules (DNA, proteins) in solutions under varying conditions (pH, salinity, cosolutes) for an electron energy range which is difficult to probe by standard methods.
Ectoine can enhance structural changes in DNA in vitro (2017)
Meyer, Susann ; Schröter, Maria-Astrid ; Hahn, Marc Benjamin ; Solumon, Tihomir ; Strum, Heinz ; Kunte, Hans Jörg
Strand breaks and conformational changes of DNA have consequences for the physiological role of DNA. The natural protecting molecule ectoine is beneficial to entire bacterial cells and biomolecules such as proteins by mitigating detrimental effects of environmental stresses. It was postulated that ectoine-like molecules bind to negatively charged spheres that mimic DNA surfaces. We investigated the effect of ectoine on DNA and whether ectoine is able to protect DNA from damages caused by ultraviolet radiation (UV-A). In order to determine different isoforms of DNA, agarose gel electrophoresis and atomic force microscopy experiments were carried out with plasmid pUC19 DNA. Our quantitative results revealed that a prolonged incubation of DNA with ectoine leads to an increase in transitions from supercoiled (undamaged) to open circular (single-strand break) conformation at pH 6.6. The effect is pH dependent and no significant changes were observed at physiological pH of 7.5. After UV-A irradiation in ectoine solution, changes in DNA conformation were even more pronounced and this effect was pH dependent. We hypothesize that ectoine is attracted to the negatively charge surface of DNA at lower pH and therefore fails to act as a stabilizing agent for DNA in our in vitro experiments.
Ectoine protects DNA from damage by ionizing radiation (2017)
Schröter, Maria-Astrid ; Meyer, Susann ; Hahn, Marc Benjamin ; Solomun, Tihomir ; Sturm, Heinz ; Kunte, Hans-Jörg
Ectoine plays an important role in protecting biomolecules and entire cells against environmental stressors such as salinity, freezing, drying and high temperatures. Recent studies revealed that ectoine also provides effective protection for human skin cells from damage caused by UV-A radiation. These protective properties make ectoine a valuable compound and it is applied as an active ingredient in numerous pharmaceutical devices and cosmetics. Interestingly, the underlying mechanism resulting in protecting cells from radiation is not yet fully understood. Here we present a study on ectoine and its protective influence on DNA during electron irradiation. Applying gel electrophoresis and atomic force microscopy, we demonstrate for the first time that ectoine prevents DNA strand breaks caused by ionizing electron radiation. The results presented here point to future applications of ectoine for instance in cancer radiation therapy.
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