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- Blasting (1)
- Energetic systems (1)
- Explosives (1)
- Nonel (1)
- Shock wave (1)
More than 5 million non-electric detonators are used annually in Germany for blasting operations. The relative usage of non-electric detonators amounts to about 50% of all civil blasting operations in Germany. BAM, as the notified body for explosives in Germany, tests non-electric detonators for the purpose of EU-type approval under the civil explosives directive, but also in the context of general investigations, e.g. when misfiring occurs. BAM has all facilities to test these detonators according to the European standard EN 13763. The presentation will cover the test facilities of BAM and address some issues of delay time accuracy. Several advantages and disadvantages of the non-electric ignition system will be discussed in the context of case investigations, and conclusions for mining operations and the advoidance of misfiring will be drawn.
Shock tube systems are non-electric explosive fuses employed in blasting and demolition applications to trigger the detonation of explosive charges. Their working principle is based on the explosive reaction of a fine explosive powder on the tubing's inner surface, generating a shock wave traveling at a velocity of 2,100 m/s along the length of the tube, without destroying it. One of
the key aspects of the manufacturing process of these shock tubes is the size and morphology of the explosive powder grains and their distribution on the inner wall of the tube, in order to propagate the shockwave efficiently and reliably. For the first time, synchrotron X-ray computed tomography has been used to characterize non-destructively the explosive powder grains, typically Al/HMX between 10 and 20 μm in size, in terms of morphology and 3D distribution but also to characterise the presence and location of defects
within the shock tube walls.