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A self-restraint hot cracking test (free edge test) was used in combination with a novel optical measurement technique to determine the critical straining conditions for solidification cracking for the stainless steel grade 1.4828 (AISI 309). The Lucas-Kanade algorithm for the optical flow (OF) calculation was implemented to obtain the full-field displacement and then the full-field strain.
The use of external laser illumination with appropriate filters allows to obtain good image quality with good contrast. The critical straining conditions required for solidification cracking can be obtained by means the proposed technique in the immediate vicinity of the solidification front. A very good repeatability was demonstrated for the used measurement technique. The critical straining conditions for solidification cracking for the tested steel und under this welding conditions has been detected
Using a novel optical measurement technique together with the OF algorithm, a two-dimensional deformation analysis during welding was conducted.
The OF technique was the first of its kind to provide a measurement of the full strain field locally in the immediate vicinity of the solidification front. The local critical strain and strain rate in vicinity of the solidification front has observed 1.57%, 28 %/s, respectively.