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Design challenges for offshore wind-farms. From foundation mechanics to wind-farm aerodynamics
(2018)
This talk provides a brief introduction on general engineering aspects of offshore wind energy production. Then some geomechanical issues for the foundation of OWTs into the seabed are introduced, while the results from experimental investigations and coupled computational analysis are discussed.
In the second part of the seminar, the hydromechanical Wave–Tower interaction is firstly discussed. Then, some general aspects of the windfarm aerodynamics are introduced. On the one hand, some modelling possibilities for the wake analysis of single turbines and turbine groups are discussed. And on the other hand the relevance of such analyses for a proper windfarm layout optimization is pointed out.
Concerning the geomechanical issues the talk shows that: i) The pile’s bearing capacity can degrade under cyclic loading (waves, wind, …). ii) The time effects can be relevant: Capacity improvement can be substantial, but also fragile. iii) There are cyclic PWP effects: Cyclic interaction with pore water may lead to soil softening and an uncoupled analysis (current design practice) is potentially unsafe.
And concerning the hydromechanical and aerodynamical design considerations, this seminar shows that: i) Numerical analysis of turbine’s interaction with wind/waves is useful and affordable. ii) Simplified models can provide insight into windfarm aerodynamics. iii) Turbulent wake analysis is very relevant for the windfarm layout.
In this presentation, we discuss the potential of probabilistic approaches to the design and assessment of offshore foundations. The potential is demonstrated in a numerical example considering a laterally loaded monopile. As an outlook, we present a concept for managing the risk associated with installing large monopiles.
3D concrete printing is an innovative new construction technology offering the potential to enable an efficient production of individual structures with less consumption of resources. The technology will mainly shape the future construction philosophy, automate the build process and help reaching the climate goals in civil engineering. From the design of a structure to the printed component, many individual steps based on different software are required which must be repeated for each new or changed structure. First, the geometry of the structure is created in a CAD program. Second, the print path is defined in a slicer software creating the machine code for the printer (G-Code). Finally, the structure can be printed. Furthermore, a numerical model of the printed structure is necessary for process optimization and control. In that way the number of test prints can be reduced, costs can be saved, and the component behavior can be predicted. For those purposes, an automated workflow allowing to run all steps or individual steps without interacting with each individual software program is required. Furthermore, changes in parameters or the exchange of parts (using a different design or different printer) must be possible in a simple manner. In the presented work, such an automated workflow based on the example of a parametrized wall element for extrusion-based concrete printing is developed. The investigated wall structure is parametrized using the global geometry parameters: height, width, thickness, radius, kind of infill structure (honey-comb, zig-zag) and number of repeated infills. All above mentioned steps are implemented via python interfaces using pydoit as workflow tool. General interfaces with prescribed input and output files are defined allowing adaptations for different software and tools. The described workflow is tested by performing a test series investigating the influence of the in-fill structure on the mechanical properties of the test walls.