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Many writers have commented on the lack of Freud's usual level of logic and powers of persuasion in Moses and Monotheism. The majority attribute it to the significance of dynamic determinants in Freud himself--most notably, identification with Moses. Fromm (1972) says >one must assume that Freud's preoccupation with Moses was rooted in the deep unconscious identification with him< (p. 79). Unfortunately, the situation is much more complex. Although many pertinent observations have been made, what is needed is a detailed dissection of the text, a correlation with elements from Freud's personal life, and an overall psychoanalytic synthesis of the data. This paper makes a beginning in that direction, incorporating the ideas of other investigators with those of the author – but it is hoped that much more detailed analysis and biographical correlation will follow. There is a wealth of information about Freud in Moses and Monotheism and no one paper will exhaust it. In this examination no attempt will be made to evaluate Moses and Monotheism for its literary, psycho-historical, or scientific merit. The focus is on the psychodynamic determinants of Freud's essay.
Problems of love can be included to psychology domain remember he go together is psychological someone. Hand in glove of its bearing with this research, hence in research of art there are a space to analyze belles letters with approach is art psychology. This research use approach is art psychology and theory wearied was Erich Fromm psychology theory, especially its theory about love. According to Fromm, form religious from love of the so-called with God love psychologically is not differ. One definitive matter is that essence love to that God on a par with essence love to human being. Love is human and the relationship in line with growth love human being to God. Love to God started from a period to human being not yet recognized something and still depend on strength or element outside him. Then human being recognize God love which is matriarchal so-called with Davit. Principal of this matriarchal love is equality.
Neste artigo pretende-se analisar certos xingamentos utilizados por falantes do dialeto alemão hunsrückisch de uma comunidade rural da região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. À luz da concepção psicolinguística de Steven Pinker (2008) sobre o xingamento e da teoria do inconsciente social de Erich Fromm (1992), pretende-se analisar as formas arcaicas destes xingamentos e buscar em que medida ainda mantêm conexões com estímulos do pensamento medieval retido no inconsciente social desta comunidade.
The aim of this article was presentation the Fromm’s concept of person, person, who is involved to dichotomy of human subsistence. Person live, sometime it lived according to nature, there was part, however, in course of evolution, mental authorities have spread out at it. Person gaining consciousness, it has broken attachment of junction it with nature same. Fear has appeared and sense of alienation. Person has become free, but same very solitary. In purpose of killing existential solitude, person resorts to rate interpersonal. Correct, according to Fromm’s conception, rate is love, however the most often chosen rate is authoritarism, destruction and mechanical conformism. Dichotomies of person incline for choice among life or death, existence or property. Correct orientation, inherent restless being, is existence and life, other postures are secondary in accordance with they and if they are in balance, it lives according to nature person.
The conception of love in the Erich Fromm´s research tries to explain love from the point of view of his personality and through his work called The Art of Loving. The subject of this bachelor thesis is the Fromm´ s conception of the love compared to psychological and sociobiological explanations. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) received PhD in psychology from the University of Heidelberg in 1922. He worked with the Marx´s social concepts which he linked up with the psychological findings taken from Freud. The acquired knowledge was then applied to Fromm´s research of love. According to Fromm, love has many different images from the mother love, brother love, erotic love, self-love to the love to God. In the following chapters, the same analogical explanations of love are explained but from the sociobiological and psychological point of views. The sociobiology is science that supposes that the man was born to the world because his selfish genes wanted to. The only task the man has in his being is to pass on his genes to the next generation. Thus the categories of love are presented from this point of view. It is totally understandable that many people refuse the idea of just passing on the genes to the next generation as the only goal of their beings. The conception of love from the sociobiological point of view differs a lot from the Fromm´s understanding of love. However, the psychological views are shades into the Fromm´s views as it is influenced by his psychological education. Psychological conception of love describes the love according to the today´s psychologist views. There are three main views of love described in the bachelor thesis. It is not possible to decide if one is better than the other one. Psychology describes love as an emotional relationship which is characterized by the wide emotionality. On the contrary the sociobiology is science that lacks the emotions and its views is influenced by the evolution and biology. Although the impact of psychology is significant in Fromm´s works the sociology can also be identified. Each of the conceptions of love – Fromm´s, sociobiological or psychological prefers its own approach.
La legalità socialista
(1971)
Mexican psychiatry initiated since pre-Hispanic times. Historically, treatments were a mixture of magic, science and religion. Ancient Nahuas had their own medical concepts with a holistic view of medicine, considering men and cosmos as a whole. The first psychiatric hospital appeared in 1566 and a more modern psychiatric asylum emerged until 1910. International exchanges of theoretical approaches started in the National University with the visit of Pierre Janet. There were other important figures that influenced Mexican psychiatry, such as Erich Fromm, Henri Ey, Jean Garrabé and Yves Thoret. Regarding Mexican psychiatrists, some of the most important contributors to Mexican psychiatry were José Luis Patiño Rojas, Manuel Guevara Oropeza and Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. This article includes excerpts from >Clinical Psychiatry<, a book by Patiño Rojas where he tries to understand and describe the inner world experienced by patients with schizophrenia; also, the thesis conducted by Guevara Oropeza (>Psychoanalisis<), which is a critical comparison between the theories of Janet and Freud. Finally, we include >The study of consciousness: current status< by Ramón de la Fuente, which leads us through the initial investigations concerning consciousness, its evolution, and the contributions made by psychology, philosophy and neurobiology.
Razumijevanje otuđenog čovjeka koji u povijesnom razvoju stječe sve više slobode, ali se u suvremenom društvu sve više osjeća izolirano od prirode i drugih ljudi, povezuje se u djelima Gaje Petrovića, istaknutog praksisovca, s univerzalnim humanističkim opredjeljenjima i dinamičkom psihologijom. Kada svoju pozornost usmjerava na Ericha Fromma i njegovog čovjeka za sebe, traži odgovore na pitanja što je u Frommovu shvaćanju posebno zanimljivo za tadašnju i buduću filozofiju. Zanima ga Frommovo istraživanje korijena bijega od slobode u čovjekovoj prirodi i suvremenom društvu, ali i mogućnosti oslobađanja čovjeka od tereta kojeg je postavio sam sebi. Pojmovi ljudska priroda i alijenacija Gaji Petroviću služe za produbljenje i proširenje filozofskih promišljanja o čovjeku, kako bi ponudio rješenje osnovnih problema egzistencije i društvenih odnosa. Jedna od zajedničkih točki susreta Gaje Petrovića i Ericha Fromma jest i raskorak između čovjekove biti i stvarne, praktične egzistencije. U središtu njihove filozofije je čovjek, njegova priroda i proturječnosti s kojima se suočava kao stvaralačko biće prakse. Zajedničko im je i pitanje treba li i kako ponovno koristiti dosege praktičnog uma i/ili nastaviti tamo gdje se je stalo u filozofskom konceptu otuđenog čovjeka? Hoće li razmatranje alijenacije i dezalijenacije konačno obnoviti misao o Čovjeku koji, nažalost, nije to što jest, a treba biti ono što bi mogao biti?
Beginning from a critique of neoliberalism, and in particular of its concept of freedom, I develop an alternative notion of freedom as love. In order to escape the current neoliberal hegemony, I argue that we must reconnect with the radical traditions of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I thus take as my starting point the debate between Herbert Marcuse and Erich Fromm over the nature of freedom that took place in the pages of Dissent in the mid-1950s. Building on their work I construct a theory of freedom as >connective expression<.
En este artículo se trabaja con la pulsión de muerte, tan importante en el arte moderno, a través de Las Hurdes, tierra sin pan de Luis Buñuel. Se registran las formas más significativas en que dicha pulsión aparece en el mencionado documental y se tematizan en torno a la dualidad entre biofilia y necrofilia (entendida en sentido general, no sólo sexual) de Erich Fromm. Finalmente paso a una deconstrucción de dicha dualidad, o sea, a mostrar sus limitaciones como polaridad jerárquica.
Drawing upon the thought of Eric Fromm, this paper argues that efforts to understand and counter behaviour that causes difficulties in education should begin in a critical and reflective engagement with both the conditions of human freedom and the character of educational institutions and society as a whole. Fromm’s critique of dominating ideas about good mental health within capitalistic societies is examined in relation to disablement and attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder. A study of a sixth-form college in the south of England elucidates connections between Fromm’s insights into social psychology and disablement as a process of oppression.
The present study aimed to delineate the psychological structure of materialism and intrinsic and extrinsic value pursuit. Moreover, we compared models based on self-determination theory (SDT), Fromm's marketing character, and Inglehart's theory of social change to account for racial prejudice. In a sample of undergraduate students (n=131) and adults (n=176) it was revealed that the extrinsic value pursuit Financial Success/Materialism could be distinguished from the extrinsic value scales Physical Appeal and Social Recognition, and Community Concern could be distinguished from the intrinsic value pursuit scales Self-acceptance and Affiliation. Moreover, Financial Success/Materialism and Community Concern were consistently and significantly related to prejudice, whereas the other SDT facet scales yielded weaker relationships with prejudice. Structural models based on SDT and Inglehart were not corroborated, but instead the present data supported a mediation model based on Fromm's work in which the effect of Community Concern was mediated by Financial Success/Materialism. Broader implications for SDT are critically assessed.
Victor Serge, Erich Fromm y Herbert Marcuse provided some of the first interpretations of Nazi and Soviet totalitarianism. A special feature of their work in early 1940 was to link Marxist and psychoanalytical concepts to understand the rationality underlying Nazism and Stalinism. At the same time, they formulated proposals to renew socialism in a democratic sense. These three authors posited that, beyond political repression and bureaucratic control, totalitarian rule was implemented through a powerful ideological apparatus that had taken root in the individual and collective subconscious. Moreover, they considered that the importance of intellectual work was linked to the psychological mechanisms that sustained the totalitarian phenomenon with the aim of eradicating it.
A partir de las tesis elaboradas por el psicólogo social Erich Fromm (1977) respecto a los marcos de orientación y devoción que guían parte del comportamiento humano en sociedad, se cons- truye un sistema teórico-metodológico cuyo objeto de estudio, categorías, subcategorías y ejes temáticos derivan en un instrumento denominado: >Cuestionario sobre marcos de orientación ética de estudiantes de la UNED<, el cual se utiliza en el proyecto de investigación de la Cátedra de Teología titulado: >En qué creen los jóvenes? Marcos de orientación ética de estudiantes de la UNED<. Interesa que este instrumento sea una herramienta válida para sondear la orientación ética de la población con que se trabaja en ese proyecto y constituya, además, un aporte novedoso en el área de la investigación social en torno a temáticas similares. Palabras clave: Orientaciones éticas, Erich Fromm, investigación social, estudiantes universitarios.
Introduction: Despite struggling to establish itself as an autonomous profession, occupational therapy remains extensively regulated and controlled by discursive authorities inside and outside the discipline. After overcoming the profession’s reformist ideals, the military governance that supported its rapid expansion morphed into civil institutions but both were based on similar grounds: occupational therapists should obey a strict set of rules while disobedience and dissent are consistently repressed or silenced. Objective: The objective of this article is to deconstruct dominant (consensual) discourses that shape the status quo in occupational therapy and envision alternative paths for the development of the discipline. Method: Drawing on the work of Erich Fromm and Jacques Rancière, we propose a (critical) theoretical analysis of the concepts of disobedience and dissensus as they apply to occupational therapists. Results: The concepts of disobedience (Fromm) and dissensus (Rancière) can be used to revisit the consensus shaped by discursive authorities inside and outside occupational therapy and expose the political nature of such processes. We argue that remaining oppressive forces similar to those of a warfare regime persist in regulating occupational therapy practice and knowledge by enacting a form of >disciplinary propaganda.< Rather than threatening the development of the discipline, disobedience and dissensus constitute critical responses to disrupt dominant discourses and give rise to healthier concepts. Conclusion: The use of politically charged terms such as disobedience or dissensus can be seen as controversial and unsettling for a profession like occupational therapy but we believe they are necessary for the future of our discipline.
The author tells the history of his relationship with Malcolm Pines, and uses it in order to describe the latter’s personality and thinking, as well as to trace the influence that he has had on his thinking and practice. The focus of the discussion is on Malcolm’s understanding of the socio-political context of mental processes, including the creation of psychoanalysis by Freud, and the inner politics of psychoanalytical and group-analytical institutions. Malcolm is described as a revolutionary character, in Fromm’s terms. The article is a celebration of Pines’ life and contributions, as he reaches the age of 85.
In dieser Arbeit sollen anhand des Freiheitsbegriffes die Zwänge der modernen Gesellschaften beschrieben werden. Da der Begriff der Freiheit ein weitläufiges Themenspektrum umfasst, beschränkt sie sich auf die Theorien von Erich Fromm, Amartya Sen und Ulrich Thielemann. In ihren Überlegungen beschäftigt sich die Autorin mit verschiedenen Anknüpfungspunkten zum Freiheitsbegriff, hierbei stehen die Wirkungsweisen menschlichen Handelns im Vordergrund. Insbesondere soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft, im Hinblick auf die wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen und den sich daraus ergebenden Sachzwängen beleuchtet werden. Dazu beschreibt die Autorin zu Beginn die Charakteristiken einer modernen Gesellschaft, um ein grundlegendes Verständnis zu schaffen, auf welchen Gesellschaftstyp sich die folgenden Überlegungen beziehen. Nach einer allgemeinen Betrachtung des Freiheitsbegriffs soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft behandelt werden, und zwar wie jene Freiheit unter den Bedingungen wirtschaftlicher und politischer Einflüsse zu betrachten ist. Aus diesen Einflüssen ergeben sich Konsequenzen, die sowohl die äußere wie auch die innere Freiheit beeinträchtigen. Welche Positionen die Politik, unter den Bedingungen der freien Marktwirtschaft einnimmt, wird anschließend thematisiert. Im anschließenden Teil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich die Autorin zunächst mit dem Begriff Sachzwang, um nachfolgend die Instanzlosigkeit der Marktwirtschaft zu verdeutlichen. Aus dieser Instanzlosigkeit resultiert eine veränderte Wahrnehmung, welche den Sachzwang als natürliche Gegebenheit erscheinen lässt, doch in Wahrheit stehen Personen beziehungsweise Personenkreise hinter den Sachzwängen, welche es zu identifizieren gilt. Aus all den Verknüpfungen ergibt sich dann die allgemeine Frage nach der Lebensqualität in der Zwangslage und nach den wahrhaftigen Bedürfnissen der Menschen. Die Problemlösungen als Ausblick sollen vor allem den Bogen zur Freiheit zurückspannen, denn nachdem der Begriff der Freiheit zu Beginn viele Fragen aufwirft, scheint abschließend die Freiheit auch diese Fragen beantworten zu wollen. [Eurobuch.com]
Zum Geleit
(2022)
Artykuł ma na celu analizę wybranych spektakli Angéliki Liddell, współczesnej hiszpańskiej dramaturżki, reżyserki i aktorki teatralnej poprzez teorię psychoanalityczną Ericha Fromma. Głównym konceptem, który wydaje się być kluczowy dla dogłębnego zrozumienia wymowy Liddellowskich sztuk, jest koncept nekrofilii, czyli umiłowania zniszczenia, śmierci i rozkładu, w przeciwieństwie do biofilii, orientacji życiowej nakierowanej na wzrost i syntezę. Sztuką, która jest rozpatrywana szczególnie dogłębnie pod kątem charakteru nekrofilijnego jest >Rok Ryszarda<, wystawiona w 2005 roku wariacja na temat >Króla Ryszarda III< Szekspira. Motywy, jakie pojawiają się w tym przedstawieniu, będą powracały w kolejnych tekstach wychodzących spod pióra Liddell, takich jak >Co zrobię z tym mieczem? Wokół problemu Prawa i Piękna< czy „Liebestod – zapach krwi stoi mi wciąż przed oczami – Juan Belmonte<. We wszystkich tych sztukach znajdziemy centralną figurę, która na skutek fizycznej deformacji wykluczona jest ze świata miłości, a więc skazana na samotność. Samotność ta wywołuje ogromny lęk i agresję, która popycha bohatera do wejścia ze światem w więź sadystyczną, bazującą na kontroli. Jednak jak zauważyła Simone Weil, najdoskonalszym przejawem siły, najpełniejszą formą kontroli jest zabicie obiektu, toteż ostatecznie bohaterowie Liddell pławią się w krwi, zaś ona sama próbuje przedstawić widzowi akty najbardziej odrażającej przemocy jako rytuały, które mogą nam pomóc w odnalezieniu trascendencji. Jej pesymistyczna i z punktu widzenia psychologicznego wypaczona koncepcja miłości, wedle której zawsze ostatecznie zabija się to, co się kocha, stoi w jaskrawej sprzeczności z biofilijną etyką Fromma, dla którego, jak przytaczamy w artykule, miłość do troska, odpowiedzialność poszanowanie i poznanie. Ostatecznie w artykule podkreśla się psychopatologiczny charakter Liddellowskiej ideologii, zwracając uwagę na konieczność oceny dzieła sztuki nie tylko przez pryzmat estetyki, ale także etyki, społecznego wpływu dzieła.
El presente artículo es una aproximación al personaje de Ricardo, protagonista de >El año de Ricardo< de Angélica Liddell, desde el punto de vista del psicoanálisis de Erich Fromm. Un concepto especialmente útil a la hora de abordar esta reescritura moderna de la famosa tragedia shakespeariana es la >orientación necrófila<, un término acuñado por Erich Fromm para describir un carácter destructivo, que manifiesta una clara fijación en las actividades y los procesos contrarios a la vida, al desarrollo, al crecimiento. Una herramienta complementaria, que también se emplea en el análisis del personaje, es la noción de >carácter anal<, de Freud, cuyas teorías han sido reinterpretadas y elaboradas por Fromm. Siguiendo el planteamiento de Liddell, en el artículo se destaca el íntimo vínculo que existe entre la estructura psíquica y la vida pública del personaje, y, por extensión, de cualquier político.
Podjęty w monografii temat charakteryzuje się uniwersalnością, albowiem problematyka wojny i pokoju jest stale aktualna i niezmiernie znacząca. Co więcej, o uniwersalności tematu świadczy i to, że wojna, jako destrukcyjne zjawisko społeczne, nie została jak dotychczas wyeliminowana z przestrzeni społeczno-politycznej. Stąd dyskurs naukowy nad genezą kolektywnej agresywności może stanowić nowy impuls w debacie zarówno naukowej i politycznej, jak i medialnej ze Wstępu.
The prominent modernist writer Katherine Mansfield exhibits her innovative modernity, mixture of complex sentiments and rational interior exploration most conspicuously in her short stories. Yet despite the modernity of her thought, spontaneity and extroversion, of her expression and her other pivotal contributions to modernist literature, she is marginalized in literary arena with some of her themes, such as escape, being neglected by her readership and scholarship. However, escape as a complex and action has actually been one of the most essential themes recurring in Mansfield’s short stories and her life when she has kept struggling between idealism and realism. And escape as a shared choice of her characters trapped in predicaments or psychological dilemmas is often formulated in the contradiction between the escapists and society as well as their own intrapsychic conflict. Therefore, the thesis will engage Erich Fromm’s theories of human nature and escape to offer a socio-psychological reading of Mansfield’s escape theme accordingly. The thesis discusses the escape theme of Mansfield’s 16 short stories in three aspects of manifestations, causes and final destinations of escape. Chapter one focuses on the two major patterns of escape in terms of its manifestation: retreat and camouflage, which are respectively defined by escapists’ receptive orientation or marketing orientation. Receptive oriented Rosabel and the old lady and marketing oriented Gregory and Duquette are among the train of escapists examined here.– Chapter two unrolls the causes of the escape. The external determinants include three kinds of social forces restraining various human needs and two kinds of alienated family relations caused by authority or immature love. Miss Brill’s escape posed by social ostracism, Linda’s escape stemming from social convention and Ma Parker’s escape due to social hierarchy demonstrate how these three social forces determine their escapes. Moreover, escapes of Kezia and Matilda as results of their alienated relations with parents and the escapists including Monica and Mr. Salesby formulated in their alienated relations with spouses highlight the causality between the alienated family relations and escape. And the internal determinant refers to the identity dilemma that stems from one’s doubt over either his real self or social self. Both Bertha’s escape from her real self and Millie’s from her social self are made in a common backdrop of their identity dilemma.– As for the two opposite destinations including the positive and the negative ones, chapter three elucidates them as respectively the results of positive freedom or negative freedom procured by escapists represented by Miss Moss. Briefly, either through retreat or camouflage, most escapists perpetuate or exacerbate their predicaments after transient alleviation brought by their escapes. Only a few productive oriented ones could escape from predicaments ultimately for their escapes underpinned by their productiveness are quintessentially spontaneous negotiations with the world rather than self-deluding compromises or evasions. Hence they could realize their inherent potentiality, remain self-consciousness and external connection in the midst of escape and extricate themselves from their predicaments afterwards.– Besides, the theme of escape illustrated in the thesis is actually imbued with Mansfield’s own life experience and philosophy. Through offering a socio-psychological interpretation of Mansfield’s escape theme, the thesis hence hopefully aims to enrich the understanding of Mansfield and her characters, draw more attention to Mansfield and invoke, in particular, more reflections on the escape of her short stories, especially in the contemporary context of human existence. [English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022]
Negative freedom was the ideological rallying call of the bourgeoisie’s historically progressive period, when it overthrew the economic and political power of the landed aristocracy and gave birth to modern liberalism. Liberal philosophers asserted the moral primacy and autonomy of the individual and advocated the market and representative democracy as forms of association that allowed freedom from externally imposed authority. Only those relations of obligation and authority entered into voluntarily by the individual could have legitimacy.
In the television series >The Walking Dead<, survivors of an apocalypse take shelter in a prison, while zombies circle the fences looking for a way in. The zombies are shadows cast by a past to which the survivors cannot return but which they cannot escape. The living dead represent the past that, as Karl Marx wrote, >weighs like a nightmare on the brains of the living.< The prison that holds us today is what right-wing philosopher Francis Fukuyama called >the end of history,< a predicament in which >we cannot picture to ourselves a world that is essentially different from the present one, and at the same time better.<
This paper explores Erich Fromm’s concept of humanism, arguing that it provides us with a unified theory for both clinical work as well as social criticism. Fromm’s humanistic ideas are rooted in a structure of thought that sees our existence, our ontology as human beings, as constituted by our inherent capacities for both relatedness as well as positing ends and purposes in the world. By cultivating a self-awareness of these dual capacities, we can achieve a state of freedom, a self-consciousness of our capacity to shape our reality as opposed to conforming ourselves to it. In this way, Fromm’s ideas constitute a critical humanism that can be realized in the world via self- and social transformation and not merely an abstract set of principles or concepts.
Is there such a thing as midwifery ethics? Yes, there is. As human beings (moral agents), midwives are to be ethical, moral, responsible persons and professionals. Midwives work in moral relationships with other persons. They serve by the moral standards of their profession as now embodied in written codes of ethics, a profession that is part of the larger health care profession. As part of the professional world, midwives participate in the general standard that to be professional is to be ethical and to be unethical is to be unprofessional. The professions, in turn, are part of what Erich Fromm calls >human ethics<. If midwives are to be ethical, we suggest they need to understand ethics and to reason morally. Better health care for all is the result.