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>Does there exist a new Authoritarian Character?<: The current xenophobic violent acts in Germany have gained an new aura of sensitivity since reunification. Historical experience during the Weimar Republic, together with the strengthening of the National Socialism at that time would suggest the necessity to draw parallels to the current situation. The theories of the Frankfurt School regarding the authoritarian character according to Theodor W. Adorno and Erich Fromm are summarised. In addition, the current (empirical) theories of Heitmeyer, Maaz, Oesterreich and Fritzsche/Knepper to explain right-wing extremism, are analysed with regard to their sociopsychological, explanatory potential. At this point the differences in the political cultures in the reunified Germany are also discussed. The post-war waves of modernisation and individualisation would also suggest the necessity to return to the theory of narcissism. The >Macciavellian< strategies of interaction are taken to illustrate, that a new fear and escapism from freedom can lead to a modern authoritarianism of non-integrated individuals.