Research on Ecological Marxism Consumption View and Its Contemporary Value [生态马克思主义消费观及其当代价值研究], Master thesis, Fundamental Principles of Marxism, Hebei Normal University, Bandung, Hebei, China 2019.

  • 自从世界进入21世纪以来,各国的生态问题越发严重,保护生态环境已经成为了我国以及世界各国的一个非常现实并且急需要解决的问题。就我国来说,自从上世纪70年代改革开放以后,我国的经济发展迅速,各项建设如火如荼,这虽然很大程度的提高了我国人民的物质生活水平,但在以追求经济增长和GDP的发展观念的支配下,人们对自然界进行了毫无约束的开采和利用,生态环境和生态秩序遭到了严重的破坏,人和自然的关系发生异化,社会的发展也陷入了发展—污染—再发展—再污染的恶性循环中,产生了一系列的生态问题和环境问题。虽然现在世界各个国家,都意识到了环境污染以及生态破坏所造成的可怕的后果,但真正把可持续发展观、生态发展观落实到行动、变成现实还有对传统发展理念和发展模式进行彻底反思和变革性创新的还很少。摒弃传统的、落后的、盲目的改造方式,创新发展理念和发展方式,降低消耗的同时不损害社会福利的获得,推动人与自然的共生共荣、共同发展,实现人类、社会、自然三大系统的和谐统一发展是目前我们需要做的一个很现实的工作,也是很迫切的一项工作。生态马克思主义消费观作为生态马克思主义重要的部分,在这样的大背景下不断向前发展,生态马克思主义者最大的贡献就是在资本主义制度下将生态危机与消费观紧密地联结在一起,对资本主义社会异化消费、资本主义制度进行猛烈批驳,对理想的消费模式进行构想,丰富和发展了生态马克思主义,使得生态马克思主义消费观更具理论价值与现实意义。本文除了引言分为以下三个部分。第一部分主要对生态马克思主义消费观的形成做出了分析,分别从生态马克思主义消费观的现实背景、生态马克思主义消费观的理论来源、生态马克思主义消费观的形成过程三个方面进行了分析。生态马克思主义消费观的提出有着严峻的现实背景,现在西方消费模式日益暴露、人类与自然的矛盾日益尖锐、生态文明与适度消费越来越被人们所接受,生态马克思主义消费观应运而生。生态马克思主义消费观产生也有其深厚的理论基础:马克思的异化理论和生态观是其最初的理论基石;卢卡奇物化理论为生态马克思主义的消费观提供了消费批判的思想启迪;法兰克福学派理论是最直接的影响因素,其中主要介绍了马尔库塞、弗洛姆的观点。生态马克思主义的消费观形成过程经历了:萌芽期、形成期、成熟期。第二部分主要从三个方面对生态马克思主义消费观进行阐述,包括基本内容、特点和评价。生态马克思主义消费观内容为消费批判理论、适度消费理念、循环消费理念、均衡消费理念、公平消费理念,其中消费批判理论是四个消费观念的基础。实现生态马克思主义消费观需要一定的途径,需要做到转化消费观念、变革社会制度实行按需分配、合理使用技术、国际性的绿色运动等。生态马克思消费观的特点主要是立足于人的本质、实现了批判异化消费与资本主义的消费相结合。生态马克思消费观具有积极的现实意义,但是也要辩证看待,有积极意义也有局限性。生态马克思消费观丰富发展马克思主义理论、指出了解决生态危机的具体措施,提出全新的消费理念。也存在着浪漫主义的色彩,缺乏实际的解决途径。第三部分主要对生态马克思主义消费观对我国的启示进行了阐述,包括健全生态消费模式,消费模式要符合我国国情的、可以促进我国社会的全面发展。树立生态消费价值观,例如适度消费观念、可持续发展观念、以人为本消费观念。还有生态消费与我国社会整体建设的良性互动,例如与经济、政治、文化、社会建设的良性互动等等。在现阶段,我国的生态文明建设在党和政府的正确指引下,取得了一定的成效,我国经济进入新常态,我国的环境保护和生态保护的工作也在逐渐稳步的推进当中,现在我国正处在经济建设和资源环境保护的关键时期,也是最为艰难的时期。因此,文章最终希望通过对生态马克思主义理论内容的研究,能够对当代中国的发展和建设产生一些作用,并能够将生态建设的理论始终贯穿在我国的经济、政治、文化和社会建设的各个层面中,更好的实现人与自然、经济发展和生态保护之间的和谐发展。
  • Since the world entered the 21st century, the ecological problems of various countries have become more and more serious. Protecting the ecological environment has become a very realistic and urgent problem to be solved in China and the countries of the world. As far as China is concerned, since the reform and opening up in the 1970s, China’s economy has developed rapidly and various constructions have been in full swing. Although this has greatly improved the material living standards of our people, it is pursuing economic growth and GDP development. Under the control of ideas, people have unconstrained exploitation and utilization of the natural world. The ecological environment and ecological order have been severely damaged. The relationship between man and nature has been alienated, and the development of society has also fallen into development-contamination-redevelopment. In the vicious circle of re-contamination, a series of ecological and environmental problems have arisen. Although all countries in the world are aware of the terrible consequences of environmental pollution and ecological damage, they have truly implemented the concept of sustainable development and ecological development into action, becoming a reality and thoroughly pursuing traditional development concepts and development models. There are still few reflections and trans-formative innovations: Abandoning traditional, backward, blind transformation methods, innovative development concepts and development methods, reducing consumption without compromising the acquisition of social welfare, promoting the symbiosis and commonality between people and nature. The development and realization of the harmonious and unified development of the three systems of human, society and nature is a very realistic work that we need to do now, and it is also a very urgent task. As an important part of ecological Marxism, the ecological Marxist concept of consumption is constantly moving forward under such a background. The contribution of ecological Marxists is to closely link the ecological crisis with the consumption concept under the capitalist system. The capitalist society’s alienated consumption and capitalist system were fiercely criticized, and the ideal consumption model was conceived, enriching and developing ecological Marxism, and making the ecological Marxist consumption concept more theoretical and practical. In addition to the introduction, this article is divided into the following three parts. The first part mainly analyzes the formation of ecological Marxist consumption concept, and analyzes the three aspects of the realistic background of ecological Marxist consumption concept, the theoretical source of ecological Marxist consumption concept and the formation process of ecological Marxist consumption concept.. The ecological Marxist concept of consumption has a severe realistic background. Nowadays, Western consumption patterns are increasingly exposed, the contradiction between human beings and nature is increasingly sharp, ecological civilization and moderate consumption are more and more accepted by people, and the ecological Marxist concept of consumption has emerged. The ecological Marxist view of consumption also has its profound theoretical foundation: Marx’s theory of alienation and ecology is its original theoretical cornerstone; Lukács’ materialization theory provides the ideological enlightenment of consumer criticism for the ecological Marxist view of consumption; Frankfurt School theory It is the most direct influencing factor, which mainly introduces the views of Marcuse and Fromm. The formation process of ecological Marxist consumption concept has gone through: germination, formation and maturity. The second part elaborates on the ecological Marxist concept of consumption from three aspects, including the basic content, characteristics and evaluation. The content of ecological Marxist consumption concept is the theory of consumption criticism, moderate consumption concept, circular consumption concept, balanced consumption concept and fair consumption concept. The theory of consumption criticism is the basis of three consumption concepts. Achieving an ecological Marxist view of consumption requires a certain approach. It is necessary to transform the concept of consumption, transform the social system to implement on-demand distribution, rational use of technology, and international green movement. The characteristics of ecological Marx’s concept of consumption are mainly based on the essence of human beings and the combination of critical consumption and consumption of capitalism. The ecological Marx’s concept of consumption has positive practical significance, but it must also be viewed dialectical. It has its positive meaning and limitations. The ecological Marx’s concept of consumption enriches the development of Marxist theory, points out specific measures to solve the ecological crisis, and proposes a new consumption concept. There is also a romantic color, lacking practical solutions. The third part mainly expounds the enlightenment of the ecological Marxist concept of consumption to China, including the improvement of the mode of ecological consumption. The consumption pattern should conform to China’s national conditions and can promote the all-round development of our society. Establish ecological consumption values, such as moderate consumption concepts, sustainable development concepts, and people-oriented consumption concepts. There is also a benign interaction between ecological consumption and the overall construction of our society, such as benign interaction with economic, political and cultural construction. At this stage, under the correct guidance of the party and the government, China’s ecological civilization construction has achieved certain results. China’s economy has entered a new normal, and China’s environmental protection and ecological protection work is gradually progressing steadily. It is also the most difficult period in the critical period of economic construction and resource environmental protection. Therefore, the article finally hopes that through the study of the theoretical content of ecological Marxism, it can have some effects on the development and construction of contemporary China, and can always embed the theory of ecological construction in all aspects of China’s economic, political, cultural and social construction. In the middle, better realize the harmonious development between man and nature, economic development and ecological protection. [Author’s translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Chenyang Jie
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2019
Release Date:2020/11/03
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Jie_Chenyang_2019
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
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