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On the Characterization of Mr. Biswas in >A House for Mr. Biswas< under Fromm’s Character Theory [运用弗洛姆性格理论分析小说《毕司沃斯先生的房子》中主人翁的性格], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China 2017 [application of Fromm's theories to art].

  • 奈保尔是一个关注人类、尤其是后殖民背景下人类的著名作家,是2001年诺贝尔奖的获得者,擅长写作移民文学。他出生在特立尼达,一个先被西班牙、后被英国殖民的国家。他的祖先是印度移民,他主要的学习和写作的生活在英格兰,他被这三种文化强烈影响。小说《毕斯沃斯先生的房子》是奈保尔的杰出作品之一。先前关于奈保尔和他的小说《毕斯沃斯先生的房子》的研究,主要可以分为两个方向。起初,人们主要关心奈保尔的多元文化背景。研究者通过细节来说明移民者在后殖民社会失去了根,独立和自由,生活在较低的社会阶层,所以他们的命运是悲惨的。之后,人们进一步讨论奈保尔笔下的小说人物对失去根基、没有自由和尊重的反抗,研究小说中有哪些细节能表现移民者在殖民地为独立、自由做出的斗争,对根的追寻。在《为自己的人》一书中,弗洛姆提出了对性格比较系统的分析方法的性格取向的分类类型、例子和性格的功能。本文由五个章节组成,运用弗洛姆的性格理论分析主人公毕司沃斯先生的性格,研究毕司沃斯先生的人生经历和大事件对他心理变化的影响,从而促使他在人生不同阶段产生特定的性格取向,从而促使他在面临抉择时,做出符合其性格取向的选择。第一章是简要介绍作者奈保尔、奈保尔的主要写作内容和他的代表作《毕司沃斯先生的房子》,并讨论了本文的理论和现实意义,并介绍了这篇文章的结构。第二章首先对前人关于本小说的研究进行了梳理,介绍了弗洛姆和他的理论系统,接着探讨了弗洛姆的性格理论。第三章主要从三个方面探讨毕司沃斯先生不同人生阶段性格的形成。第一,毕司沃斯先生生存的社会历史环境怎样影响他性格养成。第二,毕司沃斯先生生存的社会经济环境怎样影响他性格养成。第三,在毕司沃斯先生生命的不同阶段他的个人经历怎样影响他的此昂个养成。第四章说明了毕司沃斯先生生命的不同阶段性格倾向类型和功能,分析了每次生命选择的内因,解释性格如何影响毕司沃斯先生争取平等、独立、尊重、自由等行为。第五章是结论部分。生活在不同社会环境中的人们结合个体的不同经历,会形成既定的性格倾向,这些性格倾向会影响人们在生活的每一个阶段的选择。它可以帮助调整和控制人的心理变化,向积极的取向发展,积极主动、有意识地培养积极的性格,从而选择更合适的方式应对社会生活的挑战。未知是恐惧的来源,一旦了解社会生活对人心理产生的影响、了解人的性格,我们便能消除困惑的恐惧,形成健全性格,为社会稳定做出贡献。本文通过运用弗洛姆的性格理论研究毕司沃斯先生性格,发现毕司沃斯先生在他人生的不同阶段有不同的主导性格取向,影响他在不同阶段的选择。在早期阶段,他是受殖民地、移民的家庭背景影响,所以他的主要特点是非生产性的。他父亲死后,当他母亲带他去投靠他的姑姑之后,他的性格取向朝生产性转变,学校和宗教教育经历都对他的生产性性格产生积极影响。性格的研究有其重要性,是社会伦理学研究的真正主题,有助于创造一个健全的社会。
  • V. S. Naipaul is one of the writers who have concerns about human beings especially human beings under contemporary post-colonial background, so he became a famous writer and was given the Nobel Prize in 2001. Although he is studying, living and writing masterpieces in England, he has the root of India in Asia and Trinidad in Western Indians. The novel named >A House for Mr. Biswas< is one of the most outstanding one of his works. In the book Man for Himself, Fromm puts forward comparatively systematic analysis methods of character orientations, with classification of the character types and examples. The previous studies about V. S. Naipaul and his novel, >A House for Mr. Biswas<, can be divided into two main research directions. At first, researchers care more about Naipaul’s complex culture background. They focus on the rootless feeling and tragicomic fate of the characters portrayed by Naipaul. They show details to illustrate that immigrants living in post-colonial society who lose their root, independence and freedom, so they are miserable, struggling in the lower social class. Later, researchers move forward to find out and prove how the characters pursue independence, identity and freedom. However, less attention is paid to the connection between the facts and the reaction taken by those rootless people. It is the psychology growth, change, and development that help to form the certain characters that influence people’s reaction to the facts which happen to them. In order to find out what influence the main character’s choices at every turn of his life and why he makes these choices, it is necessary to study the protagonist Mr. Biswas’ character. Based on Fromm’s character theory, this thesis will study the dominant character orientation in different life stages of the protagonist Mr. Biswas through analysis of his life experiences and big events. This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one is to give a brief introduction to the author of A House for Mr. Biswas, his writing, and his study focus. The significance and structure of this thesis will also be introduced.– In chapter II, some literature review about this genre will be illustrated, and this chapter will discuss the Fromm’s character theory.– Chapter III goes to the target. In this part, three main issues will be discussed about the formation of Mr. Biswas’ character orientation. The three main issues are social history background, social economic background, and Mr. Biswas’ personal experiences.– Chapter IV is to analyze Mr. Biswas’ character orientation types and its function in Mr. Biswas’ choices to fight for equality, independence, respect, freedom and etc.– Chapter V works as a conclusion. It is found that Mr. Biswas has different dominant character orientations in the various stages of his life, which is influenced by the change of his living place, opportunity to be educated, special talent of writing print letters and etc. These dominant character orientations are non-productive orientation including receptive character orientation, hoarding character orientation, marketing orientation, and productive character orientation. It is helpful to know the connection between social environment and character orientations. It can help to adjust and control one’s character to positive orientation and form productive character in order to choose a better way to react to the society. Once the characters are known by us, can we gain sense of belongings, safety, accomplishment easily, which can make a contribution to a stable society. [Author’s translation].

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Metadaten
Author:Xuesong Bai
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2017
Release Date:2019/03/04
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Bai_Xuesong_2017
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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