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Comments about Fromm’s View of Life [弗洛姆人生观述评], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2006.

  • 埃里希•弗洛姆是20世纪法兰克福学派和新弗洛伊德主义的主要代表人物之一。他对S•弗洛伊德和K•马克思的思想进行了有机的结合,形成了弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义。人的生存和幸福问题是他所要解决的核心问题,人生哲学是其整个理论体系的一个非常重要的部分,甚至可以说是其指归。在人生处境论上,E•弗洛姆一方面看到人所处的生存状况,即人是生物学上的弱者;人不得不面临三重不可解决的生存的二歧:生与死的二歧、人的潜能实现与生命的短暂之间的二歧、个体化与孤独感之间的二歧;人必须面对通过努力能够解决的历史的二歧。另一方面,人生面临三重生存困境:人一面追求自由一面却又逃避自由;社会越发展,异化问题就越严重;人们通常处于无意识的幻想锁链当中。在人生目的论上,E•弗洛姆抱有强烈的人道主义情愫,他希望通过心理革命培养出健康的精神和健全的人格,通过社会革命建立一个能促进人的全面发展的健全的社会。在人生方式论上,E•弗洛姆认为生产性的爱、创造性的思维和行动是超越人生处境从而实现人生理想的两条必经之途;其后期思想又从占有与存在的角度提出,人应当采用存在式的而非占有式的生存方式。在人生态度论上,E•弗洛姆的思想整体上是积极而乐观的。他对人的理性、人性和人的潜能的实现都抱着乐观的态度;关于>健全人格<和>健全社会<的美好设想,他一方面对其现阶段的发展抱持怀疑态度,另一方面,对为期不远的未来,仍然充满信心和希望。E•弗洛姆的人生哲学极具特色:它融合了心理学、伦理学、社会学和政治学等多门学科;采取哲学思辩与实证调查相结合的研究方法;实现了批判与创造的统一。其人生哲学中诸如人性论
  • Erich Fromm is one of the most famous figures of Frankfort School and Neo-Freudism in the 20th century. He forms Freudian Marxism in the course of combining the thoughts of Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx. The core problem lies in people’s existence and happiness, and Fromm’s argument aims to the philosophy of life. On the situation of life, Fromm sees the human’s life state. Firstly, human is the weak from the view of biology. Secondly, people have to face the treble unsolvable existence dichotomies which include the dichotomy of live and death, the dichotomy of achieving man’s potency and the momentary nature of life and the dichotomy of individuation and the feelings of loneliness. Thirdly, people must face with the resoluble history dichotomies. At the same time, human being is forced to confront with trial dilemmas – escaping of freedom, alienation and illusion. On the ideal of life, as a humanist, Fromm desires persons to culture healthy spirits and sound personality by psychology revolution, and hopes the society a sound one by society revolution.– On the pattern of life, Fromm thinks that productive love and the creative thinking and action are the two ways to ideal of life. And in his late thinking, he cries up the pattern of >to have< but not >to be<. On the attitude of life, Fromm shows his optimistic attitude in the gross. Firstly, he has confidence of human’s ration and nature. Secondly, he believes that man can carry out his potency. Thirdly, he doubts that people can achieve very soon on one side, but on the other side, he feels reliance on the reach of his dream. There are many features in Erich Fromm’s view of life, for example, he blends many disciplines such as psychology, ethics, politics and sociology. He allies the method of dialectics and evidence. And he uniforms critique and creation.– All in one, we have to accept that much deformity presents at his theory as well. Finally, we can get some useful enlightenment from his philosophy of life. For example, it calls on transcending fantasy and regress to actuality, and it tells people to develop themselves in dilemmas and learn the art of loving and understand the pure meaning of love. At last, Fromm reaffirms >what is socialism< what points people to pay more attention on man’s value in the course of socialization.

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Metadaten
Author:Ping Wang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2006
Release Date:2014/01/28
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Wang_Ping_2006
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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