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Towards A Humane Technology – Fromm’s Humanitarian Technology Thought [走向人道化的技术 - 弗洛姆技术人道化思想研究], Master thesis, Principles of Marxism, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2016.

  • 在高新科学技术不断发展的今天,科技在推动社会发展的同时所带来的负面效应愈演愈烈,尤其是社会的异化以及生存于其中的人的自我迷失,引起学术界的追问和反思。当前技术系统将人置于技术的支配和控制之下,导致人的物化和自由的丧失,形成了>逃避自由<的心理机制,这样的社会背景不仅使科技发展问题成为国内外学者关注的重点,也促进了科技哲学这门学科的纵深研究。科学技术作为一把双刃剑,在造福人类的同时,还引发了威胁人类生存发展的各种社会、伦理和生态问题,这些问题对发展中的中国来说亦是未能幸免的。当前我国经济社会发展面临前所未有的机遇和挑战,科学技术是社会发展的重要推动力量,对于科技发展的未来走向问题成为学术界不断探讨的话题。浩瀚宇宙,生生不息,社会的发展绝不能任由技术的掌控,人才是社会发展的主体和决定性力量,社会要促进人而非技术的最优发展。埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)是德裔美籍的哲学家、精神分析学家。所处时代的特殊历史背景,其中包括受一些思想家的影响、宗教氛围的熏陶以及独特的个人经历,使得他自称是>在荒野中呼喊的人<,以批判的眼光审视当代资本主义社会。他将自己理论研究的视域放到人身上,深入剖析资本主义社会,以一个社会诊断师和治疗师的身份直指现实社会中的异化问题,认为现代西方工业社会是病态的社会,其根源就在于技术的非人道化发展。由此,弗洛姆致力于探讨改变病态社会的途径,主张推动技术的人道化发展,以实现人道化的技术支配下的人和社会的健全发展。通过系统的研究发现,弗洛姆的技术人道化思想具有浓厚的人文终极关怀,对当前人和社会的发展具有重大的理论和现实意义,对于推动我国科技发展和生态文明建设具有重要的参考价值。本文以弗洛姆的人道主义伦理学为切入点,以技术的异化批判为维度,以对人性的剖析为基础,以健全社会和健全人的构建为目的,深入探讨弗洛姆的技术人道化思想,致力于挖掘并借鉴该理论中能为我所用的观点和因素。具体来说,本论文是从以下四个方面对弗洛姆的技术人道化思想进行哲学审视的:首先,对其理论来源进行阐述。这部分分述马克思、弗洛伊德(Sigmund Freud)、法兰克福学派、犹太教、禅宗对弗洛姆的世界观、人生观的形成、对他理论研究的领域、方法、观点等产生的影响,以理清弗洛姆技术人道化思想的发展脉络。其次,对其主要内容进行论述。这部分是弗洛姆技术人道化思想的核心,探讨了弗洛姆关于人、人性、技术、健全社会等观点,以深化对弗洛姆技术人道化思想的认识。再次,对其改造病态社会的现实可能性及实现路径进行详述。这部分具体分析了技术文明的现状、希望和信仰对人的行为产生的影响以及>创造性的爱<的神奇魔力,以透析弗洛姆技术人道化思想的实践意义。最后,对其思想的贡献、局限及对我国社会发展的启示意义进行了综述。这部分力图挖掘出弗洛姆技术人道化思想中的具有现实指导意义的理论精髓,以达到马克思所说的不仅要解释世界更要改造世界的目的。
  • Today, with the constant development of new and high science and technology, it has brought about the negatively intensive effects when promoting the social development, especially social alienation and self lost of man, which had caused questioning and reflection in the academic circles. Nowadays, technological system made people dominated and controlled by the technology, which made people materialized, no freedom and forming the psychological mechanism of >escape from freedom<. This kind of social background not only makes scientific and technological development becoming the focus of scholars both at home and abroad, but also contributed to studying the philosophy of science and technology deeply. Science and technology is a double-edged sword. It promote the social development as well as people’s living standards, but it also triggered variously ethical and ecological issues which threat humans survival and social development. As a developing country, China fails to escape these problems and faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As an important driving force for the social development, where can the science and technology developing to in the future becoming a topic of academic discussion. The universe is endless. Social development should not controlled by technology. Man is the main body and decisive force of the social development. The society should promote people to develop rather than the technology. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) is a German born in American. He is a philosopher and psychoanalyst. The historical background of the special era, including the influence of some thinkers, religious and the unique personal experience, makes him look at the current capitalist society with a critical eye. He claim to be >a man shouting in the wilderness< and deeply analyze the capitalist society with human perspective. As a social diagnostician and therapists, he direct at the social reality of alienation and regard the western industrial society as a sick society, which rooted in the technology of non-humanitarian development. Thus, Fromm is committed to explore the way to change the sick society. He advocate the technological development of humanity which he think can achieve the all-sound development of human and society under the control of humanity. Through the systematic study, we found that Fromm’s technological humanization have ultimate human concern, which is of great theoretical and practical significance for human and social development. And it also has important reference value to promote the development of China’s science and technology and the construction of ecological civilization. The article regard Erich Fromm’s humanistic ethics as a starting point, see the criticism of technological alienation as latitude, base on the analysis of human nature, construct the healthy society and people for the purpose. It deeply studies Fromm’s technological humanism and committed to mining and draw useful views and elements from the theory. Specifically speaking, this paper research on Fromm’s technological humanism in philosophical method from the following four aspects: First of all, it explains the theory origin. In order to clarify the context of Fromm’s technological humanization, this part explore the thoughts of Marx, Freud, Frankfurt school, Judaism, Zen, which has influence Fromm’s world view, outlook on life, as well as his theoretical research fields, methods and views. Secondly, it discusses the main content of the paper. This part is the bone of the theory. In order to help us deepen the understanding of Fromm’s theory. It explores the question of Fromm on human, human nature, technology, healthy society and so on. Again, it analyzes the possibility and realistic path of transforming the sick society. This part specifically analyze the status-quo of technological civilization, the impact of hope and faith for human behaviors and the magically creative love, which can help us understand the practical significance of this theory. At last, it summarizes the contribution and limitation of the theory as well as the significance to the social development of our country. In order to achieve the purpose of not only to explain the world but also to transform the world’s which Marx had said. This part mainly wants to dig out the central theory which is of realistic importance from Fromm’s technological humanization. [Author’s translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Xiaoyan Liu
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2016
Release Date:2017/11/20
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Liu_Xiaoyan_2016
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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