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Citing publications in KU.opus / URN

Electronic publications in KU.opus are equivalent to conventional printed publications and thus also quotable. The same rules of citation as for printed publications apply.

The International Standard ISO 690-2 provides assistance in connection with references to electronic documents.

  • Example (doctoral thesis):
    Mustermann, Hans:
    Title of sample thesis. [online]
    Eichstätt, Univ., Diss., 2012 [cited December 10, 2012]
    URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:824-opus4-10001

All documents are assigned a Uniform Resource (URN).
The URN ensures that your doctoral thesis stays identifiable and accessible. The URL indicates the (physical) storage location of the resource. In contrast, the URN does not indicate the location in which the file is stored but refers to the entry in the URN Resolver of the German National Library in which the URN and the pertaining (current) URL is stored. Advantage: the URN stays the same even when the physical location of a resource is changed (e.g. in case of a server change).
Thus, when citing your work, make sure to state the URN. Unfortunately, URNs cannot be accessed directly using web browsers and must be converted to URLs first. This task is taken over by the Resolving Service of the German National Library. The URN must be “packed” as URL so that the WWW browser can send it to the intermediate resolver. Thus, in order to access the document, the name of the resolver must be stated in front of the URN.

  • For example:
  • URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:824-opus4-5451
    Enter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ku-eichstaett/frontdoor/index/index/docId/545
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