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- Cyanamide (1)
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The classification of solid oxidizers according to the GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classifica-tion and Labelling of Chemicals) and according to regulations on the transport of dangerous goods (based on the UN Recommendations/Model Regulations and implemented in all carrier domains as transport by road, railway, sea, air) is performed on the basis of the results of the UN test O.1 (―Test for oxidizing solids‖ described in chapter 34.4.1 in the Recommendations on the Transport of Danger-ous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria, Fifth revised edition, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2009). This test was introduced into the UN Test Manual in 1995 as a replacement for a similar test from 1986. Even though the O.1 test is much better than the previous one there are still many prob-lems with this test. For this reason the IGUS-EOS working group (international group of experts on the explosion risks of unstable substances – working group: energetic and oxidizing substances) installed an ad-hoc working group in 2002 assigned with the task of proposing solutions for the existing prob-lems. The adequacy of such proposals has to be proven preferably by interlaboratory comparison (interlaboratory test) before they are presented to the UN Sub Committee for adoption into the UN Test Manual. The present report is the evaluation of an interlaboratory test which was designed by the Ad-hoc working group in order to find out whether the current method of comparing combustion times of test mixtures with those of reference mixtures is suitable in principle and whether some approaches for improvement of the method can be identified.
Safe transport of cyanamide
(2009)
For many years cyanamide (CAS no. 420-04-2) was not commercially available due to its unstable nature. Since about 1965 the former "Süddeutsche Kalkstickstoffwerke AG" (current name: AlzChem Trostberg GmbH) developed a special stabilizing system. It was to be investigated to which Class (e.g. "Corrosive Substances", Class 8) or Division (e.g. "Self-reactive Substances", Division 4.1) of the International Regulations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods cyanamide (pure or as a 50% solution in water) should be assigned and based on this which maximum quantities are allowed to transport e.g. in tanks. Cyanamide is used for the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agrochemical actives, biocides, dyestuffs and fine chemicals.
During the last years cyanamide was tested at BAM and AQura. The results and an appraisal are presented in this paper. Thus, cyanamide should be classified according to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods in Class 8, UN number 2922 (50% solution in water) and UN number 2923 (pure substance) respectively, packaging group III, danger labels 8 + 6.1. Cyanamide, 50% solution in water, can be transported in portable tanks under specific conditions.