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More than five years after Germany reunited it has become obvious that unification as a mental transformation process has not yet come to an end. Different social norms, values and fundamental beliefs prevailing for half a century in the two systems together with the required capabilities and skills resulted in two divergent societies with their own distinctive patterns of thinking and behaviour. Unification had the strongest impact on the citizens of East Germany. Their political and social system had collapsed over night like a house of cards. The social context West in which the East Germans suddenly found themselves could not just be adapted. Beyond strategies of adjustment a secondary process of socio-political socialization proved necessary, i.e. a radical redefinition of the relationship between the individual and society. Drawing on political, economic and cultural data gained from empirical studies, the paper deals with the question of how far the new socialization process has actually advanced. The focus will be on comparing the change of attitudes to central political topics. It will be shown that there are areas of public life where the continued effect of a former GDR reality still creates conflicts, and that there are others, such as national security policy, where opinions and attitudes held in East and West Germany have converged to a great extent.
Bei der in diesem Heft analysierten Umfrage geht es um die Meinungen und Einstellungen der deutschen Bevölkerung zur Sicherheitspolitik und Bundeswehr. Dabei steht im Vordergrund, ob und wie sich die neue deutsche Sicherheitspolitik und der erweiterte Auftrag der Bundeswehr im Bewusstsein der Bürger niedergeschlagen haben. Die Frage lautet, ob es seit der deutschen Vereinigung erhebliche Meinungsveränderungen gegeben hat. Grundlage der Analyse sind bevölkerungsrepräsentative Erhebungen, die vom SOWI in Zusammenarbeit mit EMNID durchgeführt wurden. Ergebnisse der Bevölkerungsumfrage aus den Jahren 1990, 1991 und 1992.