65M50 Mesh generation and refinement
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Spectral Deferred Correction methods for adaptive electro-mechanical coupling in cardiac simulation
(2014)
We investigate spectral deferred correction (SDC) methods for time stepping
and their interplay with spatio-temporal adaptivity, applied to the solution
of the cardiac electro-mechanical coupling model. This model consists
of the Monodomain equations, a reaction-diffusion system modeling the cardiac
bioelectrical activity, coupled with a quasi-static mechanical model describing
the contraction and relaxation of the cardiac muscle. The numerical
approximation of the cardiac electro-mechanical coupling is a challenging
multiphysics problem, because it exhibits very different spatial and temporal
scales. Therefore, spatio-temporal adaptivity is a promising approach
to reduce the computational complexity. SDC methods are simple iterative
methods for solving collocation systems. We exploit their flexibility for combining
them in various ways with spatio-temporal adaptivity. The accuracy
and computational complexity of the resulting methods are studied on some
numerical examples.
Pulse thermography of concrete structures is used in civil engineering for detecting voids, honeycombing and delamination. The physical situation is readily modeled by Fourier's law. Despite the simplicity of the PDE structure, quantitatively realistic numerical 3D simulation faces two major obstacles. First, the short heating pulse induces a thin boundary layer at the heated surface which encapsulates all information and therefore has to be resolved faithfully. Even with adaptive mesh refinement techniques, obtaining useful accuracies requires an unsatisfactorily fine discretization. Second, bulk material parameters and boundary conditions are barely known exactly. We address both issues by a semi-analytic reformulation of the heat transport problem and by parameter identification. Numerical results are compared with measurements of test specimens.
Parabolic reaction-diffusion systems may develop sharp moving reaction fronts which pose a challenge even for adaptive finite element methods. We propose a method to transform the equation into an equivalent form that usually exhibits solutions which are easier to discretize, giving higher accuracy for a given number of degrees of freedom. The transformation is realized as an efficiently computable pointwise nonlinear scaling that is optimized for prototypical planar travelling wave solutions of the underlying reaction-diffusion equation. The gain in either performance or accuracy is demonstrated on different numerical examples.