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Markov State Models (MSM) sind der Goldstandard zur Modellierung biomolekularer Dynamik, da sie die Identifizierung und Analyse metastabiler Zustände ermöglichen. Die robuste Perron-Cluster-Cluster-Analyse (PCCA+) ist ein verbreiteter Spectral-Clustering-Algorithmus, der für das Clustering hochdimensionaler MSM verwendet wird. Da die PCCA+ auf reversible Prozesse beschränkt ist, wird sie zur Generalisierten PCCA+ (G-PCCA) verallgemeinert, die geeignet ist, nichtreversible Prozesse aufzuklären. Bernhard Reuter untersucht hier mittels G-PCCA die nichtthermischen Auswirkungen von Mikrowellen auf die Proteindynamik. Dazu führt er molekulardynamische Nichtgleichgewichtssimulationen des Amyloid-β-(1–40)-Peptids durch und modelliert diese.
Markov state models are to date the gold standard for modeling molecular kinetics since they enable the identification and analysis of metastable states and related kinetics in a very instructive manner. The state-of-the-art Markov state modeling methods and tools are very well developed for the modeling of reversible processes in closed equilibrium systems. On the contrary, they are largely not well suited to deal with nonreversible or even nonautonomous processes of nonequilibrium systems. Thus, we generalized the common Robust Perron Cluster Cluster Analysis (PCCA+) method to enable straightforward modeling of nonequilibrium systems as well. The resulting Generalized PCCA (G-PCCA) method readily handles equilibrium as well as nonequilibrium data by utilizing real Schur vectors instead of eigenvectors. This is implemented in the G-PCCA algorithm that enables the semiautomatic coarse graining of molecular kinetics. G-PCCA is not limited to the detection of metastable states but also enables the identification and modeling of cyclic processes. This is demonstrated by three typical examples of nonreversible systems.
Markov state models (MSMs) have received an unabated increase in popularity in recent years, as they are very
well suited for the identification and analysis of metastable states and related kinetics. However, the state-of-the-art Markov state modeling methods and tools enforce the fulfillment of a
detailed balance condition, restricting their applicability to equilibrium MSMs. To date, they are unsuitable to deal with
general dominant data structures including cyclic processes, which are essentially associated with nonequilibrium systems.
To overcome this limitation, we developed a generalization of the common robust Perron Cluster Cluster Analysis (PCCA+) method, termed generalized PCCA (G-PCCA). This method handles equilibrium and nonequilibrium simulation data, utilizing Schur vectors instead of eigenvectors. G-PCCA is not limited to the detection of metastable states but enables the identification of dominant structures in a general sense, unraveling cyclic processes. This is exemplified by application of G-PCCA on nonequilibrium molecular dynamics data of the Amyloid β (1−40) peptide, periodically driven by an oscillating electric field.