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Atomistic Binding Free Energy Estimations for Biological Host–Guest Systems

  • Accurate quantifications of protein–ligand binding affinities by means of in silico methods increasingly gain importance in various scientific branches including toxicology and pharmacology. In silico techniques not only are generally less demanding than laboratory experiments regarding time as well as cost, in particular, if binding assays or synthesis protocols need to be developed in advance. At times, they also provide the only access to risk assessments on novel chemical compounds arising from biotic or abiotic degradation of anthropogenic substances. However, despite the continuous technological and algorithmic progress over the past decades, binding free energy estimations through molecular dynamics simulations still pose an enormous computational challenge owed to the mathematical complexity of solvated macromolecular systems often consisting of hundreds of thousands of atoms. The goals of this thesis can roughly be divided into two categories dealing with different aspects of host–guest binding quantification. On the one side algorithmic strategies for a comprehensive exploration and decomposition of conformational space in conjunction with an automated selection of representative molecular geometries and binding poses have been elaborated providing initial structures for free energy calculations. In light of the dreaded trapping problem typically associated with molecular dynamics simulations, the focus was laid on a particularly systematic generation of representatives covering a broad range of physically accessible molecular conformations and interaction modes. On the other side and ensuing from these input geometries, binding affinity models based on the linear interaction energy (LIE) method have been developed for a couple of (bio)molecular systems. The applications included a successful prediction of the liquid-chromatographic elution order as well as retention times of highly similar hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) stereoisomers, a novel empirical LIE–QSAR hybrid binding affinity model related to the human estrogen receptor α (ERα), and, finally, the (eco)toxicological prioritization of transformation products originating from the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole with respect to their binding affinities to the bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. Altogether, a fully automated approach to binding mode and affinity estimation has been presented that is content with an arbitrary geometry of a small molecule under observation and a spatial vector specifying the binding site of a potential target molecule. According to our studies, it is superior to conventional docking and thermodynamic average methods and primarily suggesting binding free energy calculation on the basis of several heavily distinct complex geometries. Both chromatographic retention times of HBCD and binding affinities to ERα yielded squared coefficients of correlation with experimental results significantly higher than 0.8. Approximately 85 % (100 %) of predicted receptor–ligand binding modes deviated less than 1.53 Å (2.05 Å) from available crystallographic structures.
Metadaten
Author:Vedat Durmaz
Document Type:Doctoral Thesis
Publisher:FU Dissertationen Online
Tag:binding affinity; free energy; liquid chromatography; molecular dynamics; molecular modelling; molecular simulation; prediction; receptor ligand; retention time
MSC-Classification:68-XX COMPUTER SCIENCE (For papers involving machine computations and programs in a specific mathematical area, see Section -04 in that area) / 68Uxx Computing methodologies and applications / 68U20 Simulation [See also 65Cxx]
CCS-Classification:I. Computing Methodologies / I.6 SIMULATION AND MODELING (G.3)
PACS-Classification:80.00.00 INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS AND RELATED AREAS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY / 87.00.00 Biological and medical physics / 87.15.-v Biomolecules: structure and physical properties / 87.15.K- Molecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions / 87.15.kp Protein-ligand interactions
Granting Institution:Freie Universität Berlin
Advisor:Marcus Weber
Date of final exam:2016/12/14
Year of first publication:2016
Page Number:216
URL:http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000103765
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