TY - JOUR A1 - Willie, Bettina M. A1 - Pap, Thomas A1 - Perka, Carsten A1 - Schmidt, Carsten Oliver A1 - Eckstein, Felix A1 - Arampatzis, Adamantios A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Madry, Henning A1 - Vortkamp, Andrea A1 - Duda, Georg T1 - OVERLOAD – Rolle der Gelenküberlastung in der primären Arthrose – Die Krankheitsprogression verstehen und vermeiden JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Intakte Gelenke sind eine Voraussetzung für das Funktionieren des Skeletts und die Mobilität im Lebensalltag. Ein gesunder Bewegungsapparat ist die Grundlage für die Funktionsfähigkeit des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems wie auch der Immunabwehr. Bewegungs- und Physiotherapie sowie verschiedene Formen der Patientenaktivität stellen essenzielle klinische Ansätze in der Behandlung von neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen, Schlaganfall, Diabetes und Krebs dar. Kommt es zu degenerativen Veränderungen von Gelenken, bedeutet dies eine wesentliche Beeinträchtigung der Mobilität. Nächtliche Schmerzen und Schlafstörungen treten in fortgeschrittenen Stadien auf und sind besonders belastend. Arthrose wird auch als degenerative Gelenkerkrankung bezeichnet. Sie geht mit Veränderungen in der Struktur und Zusammensetzung des Gelenkknorpels wie auch des verkalkten Knorpels, der subchondralen Kortikalis, der subchondralen Spongiosa, des Meniskus, der Gelenkkapsel und der Synovialis einher, was schließlich zur Degeneration dieser Gewebe führt, aus denen sich die Synovialgelenke zusammensetzen. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-014-1561-2 VL - 74 SP - 618 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, Moritz A1 - Kuhn, Alexander A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Paschereit, C. Oliver A1 - Oberleithner, Kilian T1 - A Graphical Representation of the Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition T2 - 68th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, Gallery of Fluid Motion, Nov 22-24, 2015, Boston, MA, USA. N2 - We consider the spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) for experimental data of a turbulent swirling jet. This newly introduced method combines the advantages of spectral methods, such as Fourier decomposition or dynamic mode decomposition, with the energy-ranked proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). This poster visualizes how the modal energy spectrum transitions from the spectral purity of Fourier space to the sparsity of POD space. The transition is achieved by changing a single parameter – the width of the SPOD filter. Each dot in the 3D space corresponds to an SPOD mode pair, where the size and color indicates its spectral coherence. What we notice is that neither the Fourier nor the POD spectrum achieves a clear separation of the dynamic phenomena. Scanning through the graph from the front plane (Fourier) to the back plane (POD), we observe how three highly coherent SPOD modes emerge from the dispersed Fourier spectrum and later branch out into numerous POD modes. The spatial properties of these three individual SPOD modes are displayed in the back of the graph using line integral convolution colored by vorticity. The first two modes correspond to single-helical global instabilities that are well known for these flows. Their coexistence, however, has not been observed until now. The third mode is of double- helical shape and has not been observed so far. For this considered data set and many others, the SPOD is superior in identification of coherent structures in turbulent flows. Hopefully, it gives access to new fluid dynamic phenomena and enriches the available methods. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kramer, Tobias A1 - Noack, Matthias A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Heller, Eric J. T1 - Dust and gas emission from cometary nuclei: the case of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko N2 - Comets display with decreasing solar distance an increased emission of gas and dust particles, leading to the formation of the coma and tail. Spacecraft missions provide insight in the temporal and spatial variations of the dust and gas sources located on the cometary nucleus. For the case of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G), the long-term obser- vations from the Rosetta mission point to a homogeneous dust emission across the entire illuminated surface. Despite the homogeneous initial dis- tribution, a collimation in jet-like structures becomes visible. We propose that this observation is linked directly to the complex shape of the nucleus and projects concave topographical features into the dust coma. To test this hypothesis, we put forward a gas-dust description of 67P/C-G, where gravitational and gas forces are accurately determined from the surface mesh and the rotation of the nucleus is fully incorporated. The emerging jet-like structures persist for a wide range of gas-dust interactions and show a dust velocity dependent bending. T3 - ZIB-Report - 17-78 Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-66338 SN - 1438-0064 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stalling, Detlev A1 - Seebass, Martin A1 - Zöckler, Malte A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - Hyperthermia Treatment Planning with HyperPlan - User's Manual N2 - HyperPlan is a software system for performing 3D-simulations and treatment planning in regional hyperthermia. It allows the user to understand the complex effects of electromagnetic wave propagation and heat transport inside a patient's body. Optimized power amplitudes and phase settings can be calculated for the BSD radiowave applicators Sigma 60 and Sigma 2000 (eye-applicator). HyperPlan is built on top of the modular, object-oriented visualization system Amira. This system already contains powerful algorithms for image processing, geometric modelling and 3D graphics display. HyperPlan provides a number of hyperthermia-specific modules, allowing the user to create 3D tetrahedral patient models suitable for treatment planning. In addition, all numerical simulation modules required for hyperthermia simulation are part of HyperPlan. This guide provides a step-by-step introduction to hyperthermia planning using HyperPlan. It also describes the usage of the underlying visualization system Amira. T3 - ZIB-Report - 00-27 KW - image segmentation KW - grid generation KW - visualization KW - therapy planning Y1 - 2000 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-5957 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Merzky, Andre A1 - Zachow, Stefan T1 - Distributed Visualization with OpenGL Vizserver: Practical Experiences N2 - The increasing demand for distributed solutions in computing technology does not stop when it comes to visualization techniques. However, the capabilities of todays applications to perform remote rendering are limited by historical design legacys. Especially the popular X11 protokoll, which has been proven to be extremely flexible and usefull for remote 2D graphics applications, breaks down for the case of remote 3D rendering. In this white paper, we give a short overview of generic remote rendering technologies available today, and compare their performance to the recently released vizserver by SGI: a network extension to the SGI OpenGL rendering engines. T3 - ZIB-Report - 00-31 KW - remote visualization KW - high performance computing Y1 - 2000 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-5992 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kähler, Ralf A1 - Simon, Mark A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - Fast Volume Rendering of Sparse High-Resolution Datasets Using Adaptive Mesh Refinement Hierarchies N2 - In this paper we present an algorithm that accelerates 3D texture-based volume rendering of large and sparse data sets. A hierarchical data structure (known as AMR tree) consisting of nested uniform grids is employed in order to efficiently encode regions of interest. The hierarchies resulting from this kind of space partitioning yield a good balance between the amount of volume to render and the number of texture bricks -- a prerequisite for fast rendering. Comparing our approach to an octree based algorithm we show that our algorithm increases rendering performance significantly for sparse data. A further advantage is that less parameter tuning is necessary. T3 - ZIB-Report - 01-25 KW - scalar field visualization KW - volume visualization KW - volume rendering KW - 3D texture mapping KW - hierarchical space partitioning KW - AMR tree KW - octree KW - spar Y1 - 2001 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-6516 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kähler, Ralf A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - Interactive Volume Rendering of Adaptive Mesh Refinement Data N2 - Many phenomena in nature and engineering happen simultaneously on rather diverse spatial and temporal scales, i.e.\ exhibit a multi-scale character. Therefore various hierarchical data structures and numerical schemes have been devised to represent quantitatively such phenomena. A special numerical multilevel technique, associated with a particular hierarchical data structure, is so-called Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR). This scheme achieves locally very high spatial and temporal resolutions. Due to its popularity, many scientists are in need of interactive visualization tools for AMR data. In this article we present a 3D texture-based volume rendering algorithm for AMR data, that directly utilizes the hierarchical structure. Thereby interactive rendering even for large data sets is achieved. In particular the problems of interpolation artifacts, opacity corrections, and texture memory limitations are addressed. The algorithm's value in practice is demonstrated with simulation and image data. T3 - ZIB-Report - 01-30 KW - Scalar field visualization KW - multiresolution volume rendering KW - AMR hierarchies KW - 3D texture mapping Y1 - 2001 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-6561 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöckler, Malte A1 - Rein, Karlheinz A1 - Brandt, Robert A1 - Stalling, Detlev A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - Creating Virtual Insect Brains with Amira N2 - By combining techniques of preparation, histology, confocal microscopy, data visualization and data processing, we have created and recently published a standard brain model for drosophila and honey bee brains. This report describes the algorithms and implementation of the corresponding software modules. At the same time it serves as a user's guide for scientist who want to reproduce the results for differerent species or mutants. T3 - ZIB-Report - 01-32 KW - visualization KW - anatomical atlas Y1 - 2001 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-6589 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zachow, Stefan A1 - Zilske, Michael A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - 3D reconstruction of individual anatomy from medical image data: Segmentation and geometry processing N2 - For medical diagnosis, visualization, and model-based therapy planning three-dimensional geometric reconstructions of individual anatomical structures are often indispensable. Computer-assisted, model-based planning procedures typically cover specific modifications of “virtual anatomy” as well as numeric simulations of associated phenomena, like e.g. mechanical loads, fluid dynamics, or diffusion processes, in order to evaluate a potential therapeutic outcome. Since internal anatomical structures cannot be measured optically or mechanically in vivo, three-dimensional reconstruction of tomographic image data remains the method of choice. In this work the process chain of individual anatomy reconstruction is described which consists of segmentation of medical image data, geometrical reconstruction of all relevant tissue interfaces, up to the generation of geometric approximations (boundary surfaces and volumetric meshes) of three-dimensional anatomy being suited for finite element analysis. All results presented herein are generated with amira ® – a highly interactive software system for 3D data analysis, visualization and geometry reconstruction. T3 - ZIB-Report - 07-41 KW - Medical image segmentation KW - computational geometry KW - virtual anatomy KW - finite element meshes Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-10440 SN - 1438-0064 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deuflhard, Peter A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - Die Vision einer individuellen quantitativen Medizin N2 - Die Autoren schreiben dieses Papier aus der eingeschränkten Sicht der Mathematik und der Informationstechnik. Um den speziellen Beitrag dieser Disziplinen überhaupt diskutieren zu können, sehen wir uns jedoch gezwungen, einen Rahmen abzustecken, den wir für das Jahr 2020 vorhersehen -- nach Wahrscheinlichkeit und aus unserem engeren fachlichen Blickwinkel. Vorab bitten wir schon einmal bei den medizinischen Fachleuten um Nachsicht, wenn wir uns in ihrem Revier allzu dillettantisch bewegen. Vielleicht fördert aber auch unser eingeschränkter Blickwinkel ansonsten unbedachte Aspekte zutage -- das hoffen wir zumindest. T3 - ZIB-Report - 05-47 Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-8805 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hanik, Martin A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - von Tycowicz, Christoph T1 - A Nonlinear Hierarchical Model for Longitudinal Data on Manifolds T2 - 2022 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) N2 - Large longitudinal studies provide lots of valuable information, especially in medical applications. A problem which must be taken care of in order to utilize their full potential is that of correlation between intra-subject measurements taken at different times. For data in Euclidean space this can be done with hierarchical models, that is, models that consider intra-subject and between-subject variability in two different stages. Nevertheless, data from medical studies often takes values in nonlinear manifolds. Here, as a first step, geodesic hierarchical models have been developed that generalize the linear ansatz by assuming that time-induced intra-subject variations occur along a generalized straight line in the manifold. However, this is often not the case (e.g., periodic motion or processes with saturation). We propose a hierarchical model for manifold-valued data that extends this to include trends along higher-order curves, namely Bézier splines in the manifold. To this end, we present a principled way of comparing shape trends in terms of a functional-based Riemannian metric. Remarkably, this metric allows efficient, yet simple computations by virtue of a variational time discretization requiring only the solution of regression problems. We validate our model on longitudinal data from the osteoarthritis initiative, including classification of disease progression. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBI52829.2022.9761465 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Bast, Arco A1 - Troidl, Jakob A1 - Meulemeester, Bjorge A1 - Pfister, Hanspeter A1 - Beyer, Johanna A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - Rapid Prototyping for Coordinated Views of Multi-scale Spatial and Abstract Data: A Grammar-based Approach T2 - Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine (VCBM) N2 - Visualization grammars are gaining popularity as they allow visualization specialists and experienced users to quickly create static and interactive views. Existing grammars, however, mostly focus on abstract views, ignoring three-dimensional (3D) views, which are very important in fields such as natural sciences. We propose a generalized interaction grammar for the problem of coordinating heterogeneous view types, such as standard charts (e.g., based on Vega-Lite) and 3D anatomical views. An important aspect of our web-based framework is that user interactions with data items at various levels of detail can be systematically integrated and used to control the overall layout of the application workspace. With the help of a concise JSON-based specification of the intended workflow, we can handle complex interactive visual analysis scenarios. This enables rapid prototyping and iterative refinement of the visual analysis tool in collaboration with domain experts. We illustrate the usefulness of our framework in two real-world case studies from the field of neuroscience. Since the logic of the presented grammar-based approach for handling interactions between heterogeneous web-based views is free of any application specifics, it can also serve as a template for applications beyond biological research. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/vcbm.20231218 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vohra, Sumit Kumar A1 - Herrera, Kristian A1 - Tavhelidse-Suck, Tinatini A1 - Knoblich, Simon A1 - Seleit, Ali A1 - Boulanger-Weill, Jonathan A1 - Chambule, Sydney A1 - Aspiras, Ariel A1 - Santoriello, Cristina A1 - Randlett, Owen A1 - Wittbrodt, Joachim A1 - Aulehla, Alexander A1 - Lichtman, Jeff W. A1 - Fishman, Mark A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Engert, Florian A1 - Isoe, Yasuko T1 - Multi-species community platform for comparative neuroscience in teleost fish JF - bioRxiv N2 - Studying neural mechanisms in complementary model organisms from different ecological niches in the same animal class can leverage the comparative brain analysis at the cellular level. To advance such a direction, we developed a unified brain atlas platform and specialized tools that allowed us to quantitatively compare neural structures in two teleost larvae, medaka (Oryzias latipes) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Leveraging this quantitative approach we found that most brain regions are similar but some subpopulations are unique in each species. Specifically, we confirmed the existence of a clear dorsal pallial region in the telencephalon in medaka lacking in zebrafish. Further, our approach allows for extraction of differentially expressed genes in both species, and for quantitative comparison of neural activity at cellular resolution. The web-based and interactive nature of this atlas platform will facilitate the teleost community’s research and its easy extensibility will encourage contributions to its continuous expansion. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.14.580400 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Udvary, Daniel A1 - Boelts, Jan A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Macke, Jakob H. A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel T1 - Dissecting origins of wiring specificity in dense cortical connectomes JF - bioRxiv N2 - Wiring specificity in the cortex is observed across scales from the subcellular to the network level. It describes the deviations of connectivity patterns from those expected in randomly connected networks. Understanding the origins of wiring specificity in neural networks remains difficult as a variety of generative mechanisms could have contributed to the observed connectome. To take a step forward, we propose a generative modeling framework that operates directly on dense connectome data as provided by saturated reconstructions of neural tissue. The computational framework allows testing different assumptions of synaptic specificity while accounting for anatomical constraints posed by neuron morphology, which is a known confounding source of wiring specificity. We evaluated the framework on dense reconstructions of the mouse visual and the human temporal cortex. Our template model incorporates assumptions of synaptic specificity based on cell type, single-cell identity, and subcellular compartment. Combinations of these assumptions were sufficient to model various connectivity patterns that are indicative of wiring specificity. Moreover, the identified synaptic specificity parameters showed interesting similarities between both datasets, motivating further analysis of wiring specificity across species. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.14.628490 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nava-Yazdani, Esfandiar A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - von Tycowicz, Christoph T1 - A Hierarchical Geodesic Model for Longitudinal Analysis on Manifolds N2 - In many applications, geodesic hierarchical models are adequate for the study of temporal observations. We employ such a model derived for manifold-valued data to Kendall's shape space. In particular, instead of the Sasaki metric, we adapt a functional-based metric, which increases the computational efficiency and does not require the implementation of the curvature tensor. We propose the corresponding variational time discretization of geodesics and employ the approach for longitudinal analysis of 2D rat skulls shapes as well as 3D shapes derived from an imaging study on osteoarthritis. Particularly, we perform hypothesis test and estimate the mean trends. T3 - ZIB-Report - 21-39 KW - Longitudinal KW - Hierarchical Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-85187 SN - 1438-0064 N1 - sumbitted to: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boelts, Jan A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Gao, Richard A1 - Udvary, Daniel A1 - Yanez, Felipe A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel A1 - Macke, Jakob H. T1 - Simulation-based inference for efficient identification of generative models in computational connectomics JF - PLOS Computational Biology N2 - Recent advances in connectomics research enable the acquisition of increasing amounts of data about the connectivity patterns of neurons. How can we use this wealth of data to efficiently derive and test hypotheses about the principles underlying these patterns? A common approach is to simulate neuronal networks using a hypothesized wiring rule in a generative model and to compare the resulting synthetic data with empirical data. However, most wiring rules have at least some free parameters, and identifying parameters that reproduce empirical data can be challenging as it often requires manual parameter tuning. Here, we propose to use simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI) to address this challenge. Rather than optimizing a fixed wiring rule to fit the empirical data, SBI considers many parametrizations of a rule and performs Bayesian inference to identify the parameters that are compatible with the data. It uses simulated data from multiple candidate wiring rule parameters and relies on machine learning methods to estimate a probability distribution (the 'posterior distribution over parameters conditioned on the data') that characterizes all data-compatible parameters. We demonstrate how to apply SBI in computational connectomics by inferring the parameters of wiring rules in an in silico model of the rat barrel cortex, given in vivo connectivity measurements. SBI identifies a wide range of wiring rule parameters that reproduce the measurements. We show how access to the posterior distribution over all data-compatible parameters allows us to analyze their relationship, revealing biologically plausible parameter interactions and enabling experimentally testable predictions. We further show how SBI can be applied to wiring rules at different spatial scales to quantitatively rule out invalid wiring hypotheses. Our approach is applicable to a wide range of generative models used in connectomics, providing a quantitative and efficient way to constrain model parameters with empirical connectivity data. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011406 VL - 19 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hanik, Martin A1 - Ducke, Benjamin A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Fless, Friederike A1 - von Tycowicz, Christoph T1 - Intrinsic shape analysis in archaeology: A case study on ancient sundials JF - Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage N2 - The fact that the physical shapes of man-made objects are subject to overlapping influences—such as technological, economic, geographic, and stylistic progressions—holds great information potential. On the other hand, it is also a major analytical challenge to uncover these overlapping trends and to disentagle them in an unbiased way. This paper explores a novel mathematical approach to extract archaeological insights from ensembles of similar artifact shapes. We show that by considering all shape information in a find collection, it is possible to identify shape patterns that would be difficult to discern by considering the artifacts individually or by classifying shapes into predefined archaeological types and analyzing the associated distinguishing characteristics. Recently, series of high-resolution digital representations of artifacts have become available. Such data sets enable the application of extremely sensitive and flexible methods of shape analysis. We explore this potential on a set of 3D models of ancient Greek and Roman sundials, with the aim of providing alternatives to the traditional archaeological method of “trend extraction by ordination” (typology). In the proposed approach, each 3D shape is represented as a point in a shape space—a high-dimensional, curved, non-Euclidean space. Proper consideration of its mathematical properties reduces bias in data analysis and thus improves analytical power. By performing regression in shape space, we find that for Roman sundials, the bend of the shadow-receiving surface of the sundials changes with the latitude of the location. This suggests that, apart from the inscribed hour lines, also a sundial’s shape was adjusted to the place of installation. As an example of more advanced inference, we use the identified trend to infer the latitude at which a sundial, whose location of installation is unknown, was placed. We also derive a novel method for differentiated morphological trend assertion, building upon and extending the theory of geometric statistics and shape analysis. Specifically, we present a regression-based method for statistical normalization of shapes that serves as a means of disentangling parameter-dependent effects (trends) and unexplained variability. In addition, we show that this approach is robust to noise in the digital reconstructions of the artifact shapes. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3606698 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vohra, Sumit Kumar A1 - Eberle, Maren A1 - Boulanger-Weill, Jonathan A1 - Petkova, Mariela D. A1 - Schuhknecht, Gregor F. P. A1 - Herrera, Kristian J. A1 - Kämpf, Florian A1 - Ruetten, Virginia M. S. A1 - Lichtman, Jeff W. A1 - Engert, Florian A1 - Randlett, Owen A1 - Bahl, Armin A1 - Isoe, Yasuko A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - Fishexplorer: A multimodal cellular atlas platform for neuronal circuit dissection in larval zebrafish JF - bioRxiv N2 - Understanding how neural circuits give rise to behavior requires comprehensive knowledge of neuronal morphology, connectivity, and function. Atlas platforms play a critical role in enabling the visualization, exploration, and dissemination of such information. Here, we present FishExplorer, an interactive and expandable community platform designed to integrate and analyze multimodal brain data from larval zebrafish. FishExplorer supports datasets acquired through light microscopy (LM), electron microscopy (EM), and X-ray imaging, all co-registered within a unified spatial coordinate system which enables seamless comparison of neuronal morphologies and synaptic connections. To further assist circuit analysis, FishExplorer includes a suite of tools for querying and visualizing connectivity at the whole-brain scale. By integrating data from recent large-scale EM reconstructions (presented in companion studies), FishExplorer enables researchers to validate circuit models, explore wiring principles, and generate new hypotheses. As a continuously evolving resource, FishExplorer is designed to facilitate collaborative discovery and serve the growing needs of the teleost neuroscience community. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.14.664689 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boelts, Jan A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Gao, Richard A1 - Udvary, Daniel A1 - Yanez, Felipe A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel A1 - Macke, Jakob H T1 - Simulation-based inference for efficient identification of generative models in connectomics JF - bioRxiv N2 - Recent advances in connectomics research enable the acquisition of increasing amounts of data about the connectivity patterns of neurons. How can we use this wealth of data to efficiently derive and test hypotheses about the principles underlying these patterns? A common approach is to simulate neural networks using a hypothesized wiring rule in a generative model and to compare the resulting synthetic data with empirical data. However, most wiring rules have at least some free parameters and identifying parameters that reproduce empirical data can be challenging as it often requires manual parameter tuning. Here, we propose to use simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI) to address this challenge. Rather than optimizing a single rule to fit the empirical data, SBI considers many parametrizations of a wiring rule and performs Bayesian inference to identify the parameters that are compatible with the data. It uses simulated data from multiple candidate wiring rules and relies on machine learning methods to estimate a probability distribution (the `posterior distribution over rule parameters conditioned on the data') that characterizes all data-compatible rules. We demonstrate how to apply SBI in connectomics by inferring the parameters of wiring rules in an in silico model of the rat barrel cortex, given in vivo connectivity measurements. SBI identifies a wide range of wiring rule parameters that reproduce the measurements. We show how access to the posterior distribution over all data-compatible parameters allows us to analyze their relationship, revealing biologically plausible parameter interactions and enabling experimentally testable predictions. We further show how SBI can be applied to wiring rules at different spatial scales to quantitatively rule out invalid wiring hypotheses. Our approach is applicable to a wide range of generative models used in connectomics, providing a quantitative and efficient way to constrain model parameters with empirical connectivity data. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-89890 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vohra, Sumit Kumar A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Isoe, Yasuko A1 - Bahl, Armin A1 - Fotowat, Haleh A1 - Engert, Florian A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - A Visual Interface for Exploring Hypotheses about Neural Circuits JF - IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics N2 - One of the fundamental problems in neurobiological research is to understand how neural circuits generate behaviors in response to sensory stimuli. Elucidating such neural circuits requires anatomical and functional information about the neurons that are active during the processing of the sensory information and generation of the respective response, as well as an identification of the connections between these neurons. With modern imaging techniques, both morphological properties of individual neurons as well as functional information related to sensory processing, information integration and behavior can be obtained. Given the resulting information, neurobiologists are faced with the task of identifying the anatomical structures down to individual neurons that are linked to the studied behavior and the processing of the respective sensory stimuli. Here, we present a novel interactive tool that assists neurobiologists in the aforementioned task by allowing them to extract hypothetical neural circuits constrained by anatomical and functional data. Our approach is based on two types of structural data: brain regions that are anatomically or functionally defined, and morphologies of individual neurons. Both types of structural data are interlinked and augmented with additional information. The presented tool allows the expert user to identify neurons using Boolean queries. The interactive formulation of these queries is supported by linked views, using, among other things, two novel 2D abstractions of neural circuits. The approach was validated in two case studies investigating the neural basis of vision-based behavioral responses in zebrafish larvae. Despite this particular application, we believe that the presented tool will be of general interest for exploring hypotheses about neural circuits in other species, genera and taxa. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2023.3243668 VL - 30 IS - 7 SP - 3945 EP - 3958 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vohra, Sumit Kumar A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Isoe, Yasuko A1 - Bahl, Armin A1 - Fotowat, Haleh A1 - Engert, Florian A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - A Visual Interface for Exploring Hypotheses about Neural Circuits N2 - One of the fundamental problems in neurobiological research is to understand how neural circuits generate behaviors in response to sensory stimuli. Elucidating such neural circuits requires anatomical and functional information about the neurons that are active during the processing of the sensory information and generation of the respective response, as well as an identification of the connections between these neurons. With modern imaging techniques, both morphological properties of individual neurons as well as functional information related to sensory processing, information integration and behavior can be obtained. Given the resulting information, neurobiologists are faced with the task of identifying the anatomical structures down to individual neurons that are linked to the studied behavior and the processing of the respective sensory stimuli. Here, we present a novel interactive tool that assists neurobiologists in the aforementioned task by allowing them to extract hypothetical neural circuits constrained by anatomical and functional data. Our approach is based on two types of structural data: brain regions that are anatomically or functionally defined, and morphologies of individual neurons. Both types of structural data are interlinked and augmented with additional information. The presented tool allows the expert user to identify neurons using Boolean queries. The interactive formulation of these queries is supported by linked views, using, among other things, two novel 2D abstractions of neural circuits. The approach was validated in two case studies investigating the neural basis of vision-based behavioral responses in zebrafish larvae. Despite this particular application, we believe that the presented tool will be of general interest for exploring hypotheses about neural circuits in other species, genera and taxa. T3 - ZIB-Report - 23-07 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-89932 SN - 1438-0064 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herter, Felix A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Hadwiger, Markus A1 - Lepper, Verena A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - Thin-Volume Visualization on Curved Domains JF - Computer Graphics Forum N2 - Thin, curved structures occur in many volumetric datasets. Their analysis using classical volume rendering is difficult because parts of such structures can bend away or hide behind occluding elements. This problem cannot be fully compensated by effective navigation alone, because structure-adapted navigation in the volume is cumbersome and only parts of the structure are visible in each view. We solve this problem by rendering a spatially transformed view into the volume so that an unobscured visualization of the entire curved structure is obtained. As a result, simple and intuitive navigation becomes possible. The domain of the spatial transform is defined by a triangle mesh that is topologically equivalent to an open disc and that approximates the structure of interest. The rendering is based on ray-casting in which the rays traverse the original curved sub-volume. In order to carve out volumes of varying thickness, the lengths of the rays as well as the position of the mesh vertices can be easily modified in a view-controlled manner by interactive painting. We describe a prototypical implementation and demonstrate the interactive visual inspection of complex structures from digital humanities, biology, medicine, and materials science. Displaying the structure as a whole enables simple inspection of interesting substructures in their original spatial context. Overall, we show that transformed views utilizing ray-casting-based volume rendering supported by guiding surface meshes and supplemented by local, interactive modifications of ray lengths and vertex positions, represent a simple but versatile approach to effectively visualize thin, curved structures in volumetric data. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14296 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 147 EP - 157 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. CY - United Kingdom ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fröhler, Bernhard A1 - Elberfeld, Tim A1 - Möller, Torsten A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - De Beenhouwer, Jan A1 - Sijbers, Jan A1 - Kastner, Johann A1 - Heinzl, Christoph T1 - Analysis and comparison of algorithms for the tomographic reconstruction of curved fibres JF - Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation N2 - We present visual methods for the analysis and comparison of the results of curved fibre reconstruction algorithms, i.e., of algorithms extracting characteristics of curved fibres from X-ray computed tomography scans. In this work, we extend previous methods for the analysis and comparison of results of different fibre reconstruction algorithms or parametrisations to the analysis of curved fibres. We propose fibre dissimilarity measures for such curved fibres and apply these to compare multiple results to a specified reference. We further propose visualisation methods to analyse differences between multiple results quantitatively and qualitatively. In two case studies, we show that the presented methods provide valuable insights for advancing and parametrising fibre reconstruction algorithms, and support in improving their results in characterising curved fibres. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10589759.2020.1774583 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 328 EP - 341 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mikula, Natalia A1 - Dörffel, Tom A1 - Baum, Daniel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian T1 - An Interactive Approach for Identifying Structure Definitions JF - Computer Graphics Forum N2 - Our ability to grasp and understand complex phenomena is essentially based on recognizing structures and relating these to each other. For example, any meteorological description of a weather condition and explanation of its evolution recurs to meteorological structures, such as convection and circulation structures, cloud fields and rain fronts. All of these are spatiotemporal structures, defined by time-dependent patterns in the underlying fields. Typically, such a structure is defined by a verbal description that corresponds to the more or less uniform, often somewhat vague mental images of the experts. However, a precise, formal definition of the structures or, more generally, concepts is often desirable, e.g., to enable automated data analysis or the development of phenomenological models. Here, we present a systematic approach and an interactive tool to obtain formal definitions of spatiotemporal structures. The tool enables experts to evaluate and compare different structure definitions on the basis of data sets with time-dependent fields that contain the respective structure. Since structure definitions are typically parameterized, an essential part is to identify parameter ranges that lead to desired structures in all time steps. In addition, it is important to allow a quantitative assessment of the resulting structures simultaneously. We demonstrate the use of the tool by applying it to two meteorological examples: finding structure definitions for vortex cores and center lines of temporarily evolving tropical cyclones. Ideally, structure definitions should be objective and applicable to as many data sets as possible. However, finding such definitions, e.g., for the common atmospheric structures in meteorology, can only be a long-term goal. The proposed procedure, together with the presented tool, is just a first systematic approach aiming at facilitating this long and arduous way. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14543 VL - 41 IS - 3 SP - 321 EP - 332 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nava-Yazdani, Esfandiar A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - von Tycowicz, Christoph T1 - A Hierarchical Geodesic Model for Longitudinal Analysis on Manifolds JF - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision N2 - In many applications, geodesic hierarchical models are adequate for the study of temporal observations. We employ such a model derived for manifold-valued data to Kendall's shape space. In particular, instead of the Sasaki metric, we adapt a functional-based metric, which increases the computational efficiency and does not require the implementation of the curvature tensor. We propose the corresponding variational time discretization of geodesics and employ the approach for longitudinal analysis of 2D rat skulls shapes as well as 3D shapes derived from an imaging study on osteoarthritis. Particularly, we perform hypothesis test and estimate the mean trends. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-022-01079-x VL - 64 IS - 4 SP - 395 EP - 407 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hanik, Martin A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - von Tycowicz, Christoph T1 - Bi-invariant Dissimilarity Measures for Sample Distributions in Lie Groups JF - SIAM Journal on Mathematics of Data Science N2 - Data sets sampled in Lie groups are widespread, and as with multivariate data, it is important for many applications to assess the differences between the sets in terms of their distributions. Indices for this task are usually derived by considering the Lie group as a Riemannian manifold. Then, however, compatibility with the group operation is guaranteed only if a bi-invariant metric exists, which is not the case for most non-compact and non-commutative groups. We show here that if one considers an affine connection structure instead, one obtains bi-invariant generalizations of well-known dissimilarity measures: a Hotelling $T^2$ statistic, Bhattacharyya distance and Hellinger distance. Each of the dissimilarity measures matches its multivariate counterpart for Euclidean data and is translation-invariant, so that biases, e.g., through an arbitrary choice of reference, are avoided. We further derive non-parametric two-sample tests that are bi-invariant and consistent. We demonstrate the potential of these dissimilarity measures by performing group tests on data of knee configurations and epidemiological shape data. Significant differences are revealed in both cases. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/21M1410373 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 1223 EP - 1249 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Vohra, Sumit A1 - Udvary, Daniel A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Baum, Daniel T1 - A Stratification Matrix Viewer for Analysis of Neural Network Data T2 - Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine (VCBM) N2 - The analysis of brain networks is central to neurobiological research. In this context the following tasks often arise: (1) understand the cellular composition of a reconstructed neural tissue volume to determine the nodes of the brain network; (2) quantify connectivity features statistically; and (3) compare these to predictions of mathematical models. We present a framework for interactive, visually supported accomplishment of these tasks. Its central component, the stratification matrix viewer, allows users to visualize the distribution of cellular and/or connectional properties of neurons at different levels of aggregation. We demonstrate its use in four case studies analyzing neural network data from the rat barrel cortex and human temporal cortex. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/vcbm.20221194 CY - Vienna, Austria ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Udvary, Daniel A1 - Harth, Philipp A1 - Macke, Jakob H. A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - de Kock, Christiaan P. J. A1 - Sakmann, Bert A1 - Oberlaender, Marcel T1 - The Impact of Neuron Morphology on Cortical Network Architecture JF - Cell Reports N2 - The neurons in the cerebral cortex are not randomly interconnected. This specificity in wiring can result from synapse formation mechanisms that connect neurons depending on their electrical activity and genetically defined identity. Here, we report that the morphological properties of the neurons provide an additional prominent source by which wiring specificity emerges in cortical networks. This morphologically determined wiring specificity reflects similarities between the neurons’ axo-dendritic projections patterns, the packing density and cellular diversity of the neuropil. The higher these three factors are the more recurrent is the topology of the network. Conversely, the lower these factors are the more feedforward is the network’s topology. These principles predict the empirically observed occurrences of clusters of synapses, cell type-specific connectivity patterns, and nonrandom network motifs. Thus, we demonstrate that wiring specificity emerges in the cerebral cortex at subcellular, cellular and network scales from the specific morphological properties of its neuronal constituents. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110677 VL - 39 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sagnol, Guillaume A1 - Hege, Hans-Christian A1 - Weiser, Martin T1 - Using sparse kernels to design computer experiments with tunable precision N2 - Statistical methods to design computer experiments usually rely on a Gaussian process (GP) surrogate model, and typically aim at selecting design points (combinations of algorithmic and model parameters) that minimize the average prediction variance, or maximize the prediction accuracy for the hyperparameters of the GP surrogate. In many applications, experiments have a tunable precision, in the sense that one software parameter controls the tradeoff between accuracy and computing time (e.g., mesh size in FEM simulations or number of Monte-Carlo samples). We formulate the problem of allocating a budget of computing time over a finite set of candidate points for the goals mentioned above. This is a continuous optimization problem, which is moreover convex whenever the tradeoff function accuracy vs. computing time is concave. On the other hand, using non-concave weight functions can help to identify sparse designs. In addition, using sparse kernel approximations drastically reduce the cost per iteration of the multiplicative weights updates that can be used to solve this problem. T3 - ZIB-Report - 16-33 KW - Optimal design of computer experiments KW - Sparse kernels KW - Gaussian Process Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-59605 SN - 1438-0064 ER -