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  <doc>
    <id>4251</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>reportzib</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2013-09-19</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2013-09-19</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Definition, Extraction, and Validation of Pore Structures in Porous Materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An intuitive and sparse representation of the void space of porous materials supports the efficient analysis and visualization of interesting qualitative and quantitative parameters of such materials. We introduce definitions of the elements of this void space, here called pore space, based on its distance function, and present methods to extract these elements using the extremal structures of the distance function. The presented methods are implemented by an image processing pipeline that determines pore centers, pore paths and pore constrictions. These pore space elements build a graph that represents the topology of the pore space in a compact way. The representations we derive from μCT image data of realistic soil specimens enable the computation of many statistical parameters and, thus, provide a basis for further visual analysis and application-specific developments. We introduced parts of our pipeline in previous work. In this chapter, we present additional details and compare our results with the analytic computation of the pore space elements for a sphere packing in order to show the correctness of our graph computation.</abstract>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-42510</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">no</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Appeared in: Topological Methods in Data Analysis and Visualization III</enrichment>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Daniel Baum</author>
    <author>Alexander Wiebel</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Hans-Christian Hege</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>13-56</number>
    </series>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="visalgo">Visual Data Analysis in Science and Engineering</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="baum">Baum, Daniel</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="hege">Hege, Hans-Christian</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-zib/files/4251/ZR-13-56.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4396</id>
    <completedYear>2014</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>reportzib</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2014-07-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Approaches to Determine the Constriction Size Distribution for Understanding Filtration Phenomena in Granular Materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Granular filters in hydraulically loaded earth structures constitute the ultimate barrier for the blockage of small particles moving through the structure regularly or along concentrated leaks. If filters are inefficient to block small particles several types of internal erosion may be initiated. A corresponding phenomenon appears during suffusion in a wide graded hydraulically loaded fill, when fine particles, embedded in the pore structure of a soil skeleton, are washed out. The cumulative constriction size distribution (CSD) is physically the key property that qualifies the soils retention capability as like a spatial acting sieve. Constrictions are defined as the narrowest sections of channels between larger volumes (pores) within the pore network of granular material and they are the main obstacles for a small particle to overcome when flowing along pathways. At least three different approaches are available to determine and compute the CSD, i.e. experimental, numerical and analytical methods. The purpose of this review is to present and discuss these methods pointing out their limits, advantages and significance related to internal erosion phenomena.</abstract>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-43960</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">no</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Appeared in: Acta Geotechnica</enrichment>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>14-01</number>
    </series>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-zib/files/4396/ZIBReport_14-01.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4397</id>
    <completedYear>2015</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>291</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>303</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>13</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Approaches to Determine the Constriction Size Distribution for Understanding Filtration Phenomena in Granular Materials</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Acta Geotechnica</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s11440-014-0308-1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PreprintUrn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-43960</enrichment>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6914</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>37</issue>
    <volume>20</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Merging criteria for defining pores and constrictions in numerical packing of spheres</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The void space of granular materials is generally divided into larger local volumes denoted as pores and throats connecting pores. The smallest section in a throat is usually denoted as constriction. A correct description of pores and constrictions may help to understand the processes related to the transport of fluid or fine particles through granular materials, or to build models of imbibition for unsaturated granular media. In the case of numerical granular materials involving packings of spheres, different methods can be used to compute the pore space properties. However, these methods generally induce an over-segmentation of the pore network and a merging step is usually applied to mitigate such undesirable artifacts even if a precise delineation of a pore is somewhat subjective. This study provides a comparison between different merging criteria for pores in packing of spheres and a discussion about their implication on both the pore size distribution and the constriction size distribution of the material. A correspondence between these merging techniques is eventually proposed as a guide for the user.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Granular Matter</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10035-018-0808-z</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1434-5021</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1434-7636</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PreprintUrn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-69158</enrichment>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Feda Seblany</author>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <author>Paul Winkler</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6915</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>reportzib</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2018-06-11</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Merging criteria for defining pores and constrictions in numerical packing of spheres</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The void space of granular materials is generally divided into larger local volumes denoted as pores and throats connecting pores. The smallest section in a throat is usually denoted as constriction. A correct description of pores and constrictions may help to understand the processes related to the transport of fluid or fine particles through granular materials, or to build models of imbibition for unsaturated granular media. In the case of numerical granular materials involving packings of spheres, different methods can be used to compute the pore space properties. However, these methods generally induce an over-segmentation of the pore network and a merging step is usually applied to mitigate such undesirable artifacts even if a precise delineation of a pore is somewhat subjective. This study provides a comparison between different merging criteria for pores in packing of spheres and a discussion about their implication on both the pore size distribution and the constriction size distribution of the material. A correspondence between these merging techniques is eventually proposed as a guide for the user.</abstract>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-69158</identifier>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Appeared in: Granular Matter (2018) 20:37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-018-0808-z</enrichment>
    <author>Feda Seblany</author>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <author>Paul Winkler</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>18-25</number>
    </series>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-zib/files/6915/ZR-18-25.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6705</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>150</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>159</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Deltares</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Delft, Netherlands</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Merging criteria for the definition of a local pore and the CSD computation of granular materials</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 25th meeting of the Working Group on Internal Erosion in embankment dams and their foundations</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-90-827468-1-5 | 978-90-827468-0-8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">no</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PreprintUrn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-67069</enrichment>
    <author>Feda Seblany</author>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <author>Paul Winkler</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6706</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>reportzib</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2018-02-16</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Merging criteria for the definition of a local pore and the CSD computation of granular materials</title>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-67069</identifier>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Proceedings of the 25th meeting of the Working Group on Internal Erosion in embankment dams and their foundations (2017), pp. 150-159</enrichment>
    <author>Feda Seblany</author>
    <submitter>Ulrike Homberg</submitter>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Eric Vincens</author>
    <author>Paul Winkler</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>18-09</number>
    </series>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-zib/files/6706/ZIB-Report_18-09.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3607</id>
    <completedYear>2014</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>235</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>248</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>incollection</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Definition, Extraction, and Validation of Pore Structures in Porous Materials</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Topological Methods in Data Analysis and Visualization III</parentTitle>
    <subTitle language="eng">Theory, Algorithms, and Applications</subTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-319-04099-8_15</identifier>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PreprintUrn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-42510</enrichment>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <editor>Peer-Timo Bremer</editor>
    <author>Daniel Baum</author>
    <editor>Ingrid Hotz</editor>
    <author>Alexander Wiebel</author>
    <editor>Valerio Pascucci</editor>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <editor>Ronald Peikert</editor>
    <author>Hans-Christian Hege</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="visalgo">Visual Data Analysis in Science and Engineering</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="baum">Baum, Daniel</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="hege">Hege, Hans-Christian</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="BAM-ASPHALT">BAM-ASPHALT</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3636</id>
    <completedYear>2012</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>345</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>352</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Automatic Extraction and Analysis of Realistic Pore Structures from µCT Data for Pore Space Characterization of Graded Soil</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Scour and Erosion (ICSE-6)</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Daniel Baum</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Ute Kalbe</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="baum">Baum, Daniel</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3704</id>
    <completedYear>2010</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2010</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>397</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>407</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Identification of Descriptive Parameters of the Soil Pore Structure using Experiments and CT Data</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Scour and Erosion (ICSE-5)</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <author>Richard Binner</author>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Ute Kalbe</author>
    <author>Karl Josef Witt</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3679</id>
    <completedYear>2011</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2011</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>24</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>25</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Describing and Analyzing the Dual Structures of Porous Media</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proc. 3D-Microstructure Meeting</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">yes</enrichment>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <editor>Frank Mücklich</editor>
    <author>Daniel Baum</author>
    <editor>Philipp Slussallek</editor>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <editor>Katja Schladitz</editor>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="baum">Baum, Daniel</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3747</id>
    <completedYear>2009</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2009</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>37</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>52</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>21</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Determining Geometric Grain Structure from X-Ray Micro-Tomograms of Gradated Soil</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Workshop Internal Erosion</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="Series">Schriftenreihe Geotechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">no</enrichment>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Richard Binner</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Vincent J. Dercksen</author>
    <author>Anja Kuß</author>
    <author>Ute Kalbe</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="visalgo">Visual Data Analysis in Science and Engineering</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3748</id>
    <completedYear>2009</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2009</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>53</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>60</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>21</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modelling and Analysis of Particle and Pore Structures in Soils</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Workshop Internal Erosion</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="Series">Schriftenreihe Geotechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PeerReviewed">no</enrichment>
    <author>Tobias Mehlhorn</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
    <author>Volker Slowik</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vissys">Image Analysis in Biology and Materials Science</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="PORESPACE">PORESPACE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3749</id>
    <completedYear>2009</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2009</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>29</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>35</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>21</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Conditions for Suffosive Erosion Phemomena in Soils – Concept and Approach</title>
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    <author>Olivier Semar</author>
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    <title language="eng">Adapting trabecular structures for 3D printing: an image processing approach based on µCT data</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Materials with a trabecular structure notably combine advantages such as lightweight, reasonable strength, and permeability for fluids.  This combination of advantages is especially interesting for tissue engineering in trauma surgery and orthopedics.  Bone-substituting scaffolds for instance are designed with a trabecular structure in order to allow cell migration for bone ingrowth and vascularization.  An emerging and recently very popular technology to produce such complex, porous structures is 3D printing.  However, several technological aspects regarding the scaffold architecture, the printable resolution, and the feature size have to be considered when fabricating scaffolds for bone tissue replacement and regeneration.&#13;
&#13;
Here, we present a strategy to assess and prepare realistic trabecular structures for 3D printing using image analysis with the aim of preserving the structural elements. We discuss critical conditions of the printing system and present a 3-stage approach to adapt a trabecular structure from $\mu$CT data while incorporating knowledge about the printing system.  In the first stage, an image-based extraction of solid and void structures is performed, which results in voxel- and graph-based representations of the extracted structures.  These representations not only allow us to quantify geometrical properties such as pore size or strut geometry and length.  But, since the graph represents the geometry and the topology of the initial structure, it can be used in the second stage to modify and adjust feature size, volume and sample size in an easy and consistent way.  In the final reconstruction stage, the graph is then converted into a voxel representation preserving the topology of the initial structure.  This stage generates a model with respect to the printing conditions to ensure a stable and controlled voxel placement during the printing process.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Biomedical Physics &amp; Engineering Express</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">Adapting trabecular structures for 3D printing: an image processing approach based on µCT data</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Materials with a trabecular structure notably combine advantages such as lightweight, reasonable strength, and permeability for fluids.  This combination of advantages is especially interesting for tissue engineering in trauma surgery and orthopedics.  Bone-substituting scaffolds for instance are designed with a trabecular structure in order to allow cell migration for bone ingrowth and vascularization.  An emerging and recently very popular technology to produce such complex, porous structures is 3D printing.  However, several technological aspects regarding the scaffold architecture, the printable resolution, and the feature size have to be considered when fabricating scaffolds for bone tissue replacement and regeneration.&#13;
&#13;
Here, we present a strategy to assess and prepare realistic trabecular structures for 3D printing using image analysis with the aim of preserving the structural elements. We discuss critical conditions of the printing system and present a 3-stage approach to adapt a trabecular structure from $\mu$CT data while incorporating knowledge about the printing system.  In the first stage, an image-based extraction of solid and void structures is performed, which results in voxel- and graph-based representations of the extracted structures.  These representations not only allow us to quantify geometrical properties such as pore size or strut geometry and length.  But, since the graph represents the geometry and the topology of the initial structure, it can be used in the second stage to modify and adjust feature size, volume and sample size in an easy and consistent way.  In the final reconstruction stage, the graph is then converted into a voxel representation preserving the topology of the initial structure.  This stage generates a model with respect to the printing conditions to ensure a stable and controlled voxel placement during the printing process.</abstract>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-64004</identifier>
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    <author>Ulrike Homberg</author>
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    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Jens Günster</author>
    <author>Stefanie Krauß-Schüler</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>17-26</number>
    </series>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>trabecular structures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>image-based analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>printability</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="persons" number="baum">Baum, Daniel</collection>
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