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  <doc>
    <id>6985</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>reportzib</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2018-08-07</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A switch in microtubule orientation during C. elegans meiosis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In oocytes of many organisms, meiotic spindles form in the absence of centrosomes [1–5]. Such female meiotic spindles have a pointed appearance in metaphase with microtubules focused at acentrosomal spindle poles. At anaphase, the microtubules of acentrosomal spindles then transition to an inter- chromosomal array, while the spindle poles disappear. This transition is currently not understood. Previous studies have focused on this inter- chromosomal microtubule array and proposed a pushing model to drive chromosome segregation [6, 7]. This model includes an end-on orientation of microtubules with chromosomes. Alternatively, chromosomes were thought to associate along bundles of microtubules [8, 9]. Starting with metaphase, this second model proposed a pure lateral chromosome-to-microtubule association up to the final meiotic stages of anaphase. Here we applied large-scale electron tomography [10] of staged C. elegans oocytes in meiosis to analyze the orientation of microtubules in respect to chromosomes. We show that microtubules at metaphase I are primarily oriented laterally to the chromosomes and that microtubules switch to an end-on orientation during progression through anaphase. We further show that this switch in microtubule orientation involves a kinesin-13 microtubule depolymerase, KLP-7, which removes laterally associated microtubules around chromosomes. From this we conclude that both lateral and end-on modes of microtubule-to-chromosome orientations are successively used in C. elegans oocytes to segregate meiotic chromosomes.</abstract>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-0064</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:0297-zib-69855</identifier>
    <submitter>Norbert Lindow</submitter>
    <author>Stefanie Redemann</author>
    <author>Ina Lantzsch</author>
    <author>Norbert Lindow</author>
    <author>Steffen Prohaska</author>
    <author>Martin Srayko</author>
    <author>Thomas Müller-Reichert</author>
    <series>
      <title>ZIB-Report</title>
      <number>18-34</number>
    </series>
    <collection role="institutes" number="vis">Visual Data Analysis</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="norbert.lindow">Lindow, Norbert</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="prohaska">Prohaska, Steffen</collection>
    <collection role="projects" number="SPINDLE">SPINDLE</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="VDcC">Visual and Data-centric Computing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-zib/files/6985/zib-report-v1.pdf</file>
  </doc>
</export-example>
