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Airport slot allocation
(2023)
This dissertation addresses the concept of airport slot allocation as a major regulatory directive in air transport management. In three sequential parts, today’s slot allocation procedure, addressing the assignment of time windows for departure and landing operations at coordinated airports, is being assessed and critically evaluated. The three sections evolve from the evaluation and revision of a suitable criteria set to the development and implementation of a network solution. As a key feature, a carbon emissions price including the air carriers’ CO2 emissions is being provided, serving as the allocation principle. In all three parts, explicit reference to the IATA Worldwide Slot Guidelines, representing today’s regulatory framework, is being provided, highlighting explicit deficits and drawbacks of that solution. In the first part, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), as a concept of decision making based on a comparison of criteria and alternatives, is being applied guiding the allocation decision at a single airport. In this section, a set of multiple criteria is being proposed and weighted according a set of slot coordinators’ preferences. As a key feature, the concept of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is being extended by the conduction of a Pairwise Comparison-based Preference Measurement (PCPM) representing one stage of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In part two, the perspective of the dissertation changes from a single-point to a multiple-point allocation environment. In this part, a model is being provided that includes the allocation of slots in an airport network. As a key feature, slots are being allocated such that the two complementary cost functions are being minimized. On one hand, the developed carbon cost function includes the minimization of the carbon footprint per traveling passenger. On the other hand, the developed handling cost function is being minimized incorporating a dedicated airport perspective to the solution. In part three, the proposed model is being further extended by the incorporation of a third directive, the minimization of connection cost, related to the application of solution in a hub-and-spoke network. As a result, the study demonstrates how slot allocation can be conducted efficiently in an airport network, and how the consideration of the carbon footprint per traveling passenger serves to calculate the allocation optimum.
This paper considers a congested airport that provides aeronautical services to airlines and concessions to retailers or, respectively, car rental companies. It is shown that airport retailers exert downward pressure on the private aeronautical charge. On the other hand, the effect of car rentals on the private aeronautical charge is ambiguous. By contrast, the first-best airfare and aeronautical charge are independent of retail profits, while they are positively related to car rentals. Finally, the comparison of private and welfare-oriented airport behavior shows that private behavior can lead to the welfare-optimal outcome when commercial services exist.
This paper analyzes a congested airport that provides aeronautical services to airlines and concessions to retailers and car rental companies. The sum of retail demands inside and outside the airport area is fixed, while an increase of the passenger quantity increases car rental demand. It is shown that an increase of the per passenger retail profit can reduce the private aeronautical charge and the private car rental charge. By contrast, the effect of car rentals on the private aeronautical charge is ambiguous. The welfare-optimal passenger number and aeronautical charge are both independent of retail profit.