TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Muñoz-Cerón, Emilio A1 - Rabanal-Arabach, Jorge A1 - Voroshazi, Eszter A1 - Contreras Lisperguer, Rubén A1 - Barth, Vincent T1 - n-type silicon modules T2 - N-Type Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics: Technology, Applications and Economics N2 - The photovoltaic industry is facing an exponential growth in the recent years fostered by a dramatic decrease in installation prices. This cost reduction is achieved by means of several mechanisms. First, because of the optimization of the design and installation process of current PV projects, and second, by the optimization, in terms of performance, in the manufacturing techniques and material combinations within the modules, which also has an impact on both, the installation process, and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). One popular trend is to increase the power delivered by photovoltaic modules, either by using larger wafer sizes or by combining more cells within the module unit. This solution means a significant increase in the size of these devices, but it implies an optimization in the design of photovoltaic plants. This results in an installation cost reduction which turns into a decrease in the LCOE. However, this solution does not represent a breakthrough in addressing the real challenge of the technology which affects the module requirements. The innovation efforts must be focused on improving the modules capability to produce energy without enlarging the harvesting area. This challenge can be faced by approaching some of the module characteristics which are summarized in this chapter. KW - sustainable development KW - solar cells KW - ingots KW - silicon KW - photovoltaic power systems Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-1-83953-176-7 SN - 978-1-83953-177-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/PBPO175E SP - 171 EP - 229 PB - ‎ Institution of Engineering and Technology ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Konstruktionsfehler als „außergewöhnlicher Umstand“ (Art. 5 III VO Nr. 261/2004) (EuGH, Regionalgericht Warschau 13.06.2024 - C-411/23) – II JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 16 SP - 268 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Ausgleichszahlung nach FluggastrechteVO bei vorweggenommener Beförderungsverweigerung auch ohne rechtzeitiges Einfinden zur Abfertigung (EuGH 26.10.2023 - C-238/22) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Gesamtpreis im Sinne der PAngV enthält nicht den beim Kauf von Waren in Pfandbehältern zu entrichtenden Pfandbetrag (BGH 26.10.2023 - I ZR 135/20) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Kumulative Anwendung des Gesellschaftsrechts zweier Mitgliedstaaten verstößt gegen Niederlassungsfreiheit (EuGH 25.04.2024 - C-276/22) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 13 SP - 214 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Bemessung der Beiträge zur Finanzierung der unabhängigen Aufsichtsbehörde (EuGH 25.04.2024 - C-204/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 14 SP - 231 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Bilder von Zigarettenpackung auf Automaten müssen Warnhinweise enthalten (BGH 26.10.2023 - I ZR 176/19) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 2 SP - 25 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Die wichtigsten EuGH-Entscheidungen zum Arbeitsrecht im Jahr 2023 JF - Neue Zeitschrift für Arbeitsrecht - Rechtsprechungs-Report (NZA-RR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 29 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 113 EP - 119 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Werbung mit Preisreduzierung muss auf Basis des niedrigsten Preises der letzten 30 Tage berechnet werden JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 IS - 24 SP - 405 EP - 405 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Verwaltungsprozessrecht Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-8114-6245-8 PB - C. F. Müller CY - Heidelberg ET - 4. Aufl. ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Fälle zum Europarecht Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schwark, Jürgen A1 - Thurm, Pascal A1 - da Cruz, Nico T1 - Spielhallen und Wettbüros: die "schwarzen Schafe" der Stadtkultur T3 - Texte zur kommunalen Freizeit und Sportkultur / hrsg. von Jürgen Schwark ; Band 10 N2 - Sind Spielhallen und Wettbüros die "schwarzen Schafe" der Stadtkultur? In einem kurzen historischen Abriss wird aufgezeigt, dass die Verheißung eines leistungslos erworbenen Gewinns der "Obrigkeit" immer schon ein Dorn im Auge war. Aus der Sozialfigur des faulen Müßiggängers wurde im Verlauf der Geschichte dann der stets Suchtgefährdete und potentiell Beschaffungskriminelle. Das Buch beleuchtet folgende weitere Themen: - Unterschiede zwischen Spielen/Bedienen und Wetten/Zocken - volkswirtschaftliche und betriebswirtschaftliche Daten - Kritik zur Datenlage gefährdeter und pathologischer Spieler - Sozialstruktur und ein kritischer Blick auf das Verständnis von "Sucht" - Interviews mit Vertretern von Stadtverwaltungen - anschauliche Beschreibungen zu Spielhallen und Wettbüros - Perspektiven für den zukünftigen Umgang mit diesen Einrichtungen KW - Stadtkultur KW - Freizeitbranche KW - Automatenindustrie KW - Stadtkultur KW - Wettbüros Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783769350326 PB - Books on Demand CY - Hamburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noll, Jessica A1 - Leven, Felix A1 - Limberg, Johannes A1 - Weidmann, Christoph A1 - Ostermann, Rainer T1 - Electrospinning as a Fascinating Platform for Teaching Applied Polymer Science with Safe and Sustainable Experiments JF - Journal of Chemical Education N2 - Abstract Electrospinning has been widely used as a versatile technique to generate nanofibers of various materials. It is also helpful in teaching topics ranging from macromolecular chemistry to physics, safety, and sustainability at various levels of difficulty and student involvement. Simple and safe hands-on experiments/manual assays can be realized for less than 30 euros to demonstrate polymer viscosity and nanofiber alignment and solubility. Students can further study (super)hydrophobicity and even upcycle packaging waste into useful filter materials but also improve the electrospinning setup from a manual assay to an inexpensive Arduino-based 3D printed research platform. Alternatively, the latter can be used for teacher demonstrations of more challenging experiments that can also be easily done using a commercial syringe-pump. KW - Electrospinning KW - Polymer KW - Nanoscience KW - Sustainability KW - First-Year Undergraduate KW - Multidisciplinary KW - Demonstrations KW - Materials Science Y1 - 2024 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00504 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00504 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 101, Issue 9 SP - 3936 EP - 3943 PB - ACS Publications ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bontrup, Heinz-Josef ED - Gabsch, Philipp T1 - Volkswirtschaftslehre aus orthodoxer und heterodoxer Sicht KW - Volkswirtschaftslehre KW - heterodoxer Sicht Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-11-061918-8 PB - De Gruyter Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Greitens, Jan A1 - Schumacher, Reinhard T1 - Johann Friedrich Pfeiffer on Adam Smith: An Early Reception of Adam Smith in the German States T2 - 300 Years of Adam Smith N2 - Different from the usual portrayal that it was not until the turn of the nineteenth century that Adam Smith’s work became influential, the extensive commentary by Johann Friedrich Pfeiffer shows an immediate effect on German economic discourse. Pfeiffer, who lived from 1717 until 1787, was as a late and liberal cameralist. Pfeiffer was a prolific writer and well-known scholar during his lifetime. He lived so close to 1789 that his works were only briefly received, and he was not able to leave a lasting legacy on cameralist thought, which withered after the French Revolution. The significance of Smith was recognized by Pfeiffer, placing Smith above most of his German-speaking contemporaries. Both Pfeiffer and Smith addressed many similar topics and Pfeiffer expresses his agreement with large parts of Smith’s Wealth of Nations. However, Pfeiffer criticizes Smith because of Smith’s general support of free trade and his idealistic concept of a system of natural liberty. Pfeiffer, in contrast, was much more in favor of state interventions, given the lack of knowledge and irrational behavior of humans. While their political points of view differ, there are many theoretical similarities between them. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-63261-7_4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-63261-7_4 SP - 47 EP - 64 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greitens, Jan A1 - Dickel, Jonas A1 - Schütte, Jens T1 - Einschätzung des Entwurfs des freiwilligen VSME-Standards zur Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung von KMU JF - GmbHR N2 - Die steigende Zahl an Unternehmen, die nach der Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive berichtspflichtig werden, müssen in ihrer Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung neben der eigenen Geschäftstätigkeit auch die Wertschöpfungskette abbilden. Damit werden auch nicht direkt berichtspflichtige Unternehmen häufig zur Weitergabe von Nachhaltigkeitsinformationen aufgefordert. Um eine Vereinheitlichung der Informationsanforderungen zu erreichen, hat die EFRAG einen Standardentwurf entwickelt und zur Konsultation gestellt (VSME-Standard). Dieser Beitrag stellt den VSME-Standardentwurf kurz in Grundzügen vor und geht anschließend auf Forderungen und Rückmeldungen, die im Rahmen der Konsultation ent-standen sind, ein. KW - VSME KW - Sustainable Finance Y1 - 2024 VL - 2024 IS - Heft 15 SP - R228 EP - R230 ER - TY - THES A1 - Zerria, Yasin T1 - Datenstrukturen und digitaler Zwilling - Konzeption einer Mikroklima-Analyse und Steuerung für die Stadt Gelsenkirchen N2 - Durch den digitalen Wandel haben Kommunen neue Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten im Bereich der Smart City. Diese Arbeit stellt eine Übersicht darüber dar, wie mithilfe von IoT, Big Data, Datenbanken, Digitalen Zwillingen und weiteren Technologien, eine Mikroklima-Analyse und Steuerung ermöglicht werden kann. KW - Mikroklima KW - Internet of Things KW - Big Data KW - Smart Cities KW - Stadt Gelsenkirchen Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-42125 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Chochollek, Julia A1 - Nierhoff, Thomas ED - Weeber, Arthur T1 - A Simple Approach for Module Temperature and Power Prediction T2 - SiliconPV 2023, 13th International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics : Proceedings N2 - In this work a mathematical approach to calculate solar panel temperature based on measured irradiance, temperature and wind speed is applied. With the calculated module temperature, the electrical solar module characteristics is determined. A program developed in MatLab App Designer allows to import measurement data from a weather station and calculates the module temperature based on the mathematical NOCT and stationary approach with a time step between the measurements of 5 minutes. Three commercially available solar panels with different cell and interconnection technologies are used for the verification of the established models. The results show a strong correlation between the measured and by the stationary model predicted module temperature with a coefficient of determination R2 close to 1 and a root mean square deviation (RMSE) of ≤ 2.5 K for a time period of three months. Based on the predicted temperature, measured irradiance in module plane and specific module information the program models the electrical data as time series in 5-minute steps. Predicted to measured power for a time period of three months shows a linear correlation with an R2 of 0.99 and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.5, 2.7 and 4.8 for module ID 1, 2 and 3. The calculated energy (exemplarily for module ID 2) based on the measured, calculated by the NOCT and stationary model for this time period is 118.4 kWh, resp. 116.7 kWh and 117.8 kWh. This is equivalent to an uncertainty of 1.4% for the NOCT and 0.5% for the stationary model. KW - Solar modules KW - Performance prediction KW - Field measurement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/siliconpv.v1i.904 SN - 2940-2123 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - TIB ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Buschmann, Matthias A1 - Rabanal-Arabach, Jorge A1 - Chochollek, Julia A1 - Nierhoff, Thomas T1 - Improving the Accuracy of PV Yield Calculation by Exploitation of Real Weather Data T2 - SiliconPV 2024, 14th International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics, 15. - 19. April 2024, Chambéry, France N2 - The precision of yield calculation of modern design and simulation software for photovoltaic systems strongly rely, beside the accuracy of the specified module and inverter data, on the quality of the weather data. Since data from weather stations is not available for most locations world-wide this data is calculated by using modern interpolation methods. Beside this, simulation software typically uses historical weather data. In this work the mismatch of yield simulation results based on proprietary data, meaning interpolated or also called synthetical data, and data coming from a weather station in proximity to the installation is evaluated. The simulated data sets are compared to measurement data as obtained by the inverter output and hence give a profound understanding how interpolated data may influence the simulation results. The outcome shows that the quality of the yield simulation, if compared to the measurement data, is increased by a factor of up to four if on-site weather data is used as input for the simulation. The largest source of deviation is irradiation, which varies up to 10% if synthetical and measured irradiation on-site is compared. The second largest sources for simulation mismatches are power calculation and module temperature correction. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/siliconpv.v2i.1296 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - TIB Open Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Chochollek, Julia A1 - Nierhoff, Thomas ED - Weeber, Arthur T1 - Advanced Determination of Temperature Coefficients of Photovoltaic Modules by Field Measurements T2 - SiliconPV 2023, 13th International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics : Proceedings N2 - Abstract In this work data from outdoor measurements, acquired over the course of up to three years on commercially available solar panels, is used to determine the temperature coefficients and compare these to the information as stated by the producer in the data sheets. A program developed in MatLab App Designer allows to import the electrical and ambient measurement data. Filter algorithms for solar irradiance narrow the irradiance level down to ~1000 W/m2 before linear regression methods are applied to obtain the temperature coefficients. A repeatability investigation proves the accuracy of the determined temperature coefficients which are in good agreement to the supplier specification if the specified values for power are not larger than -0.3%/K. Further optimization is achieved by applying wind filter techniques and days with clear sky condition. With the big (measurement) data on hand it was possible to determine the change of the temperature coefficients for varying irradiance. As stated in literature we see an increase of the temperature coefficient of voltage and a decline for the temperature coefficient of power with increasing irradiance. KW - Solar modules KW - Temperature coefficients KW - Field measurement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52825/siliconpv.v1i.905 SN - 2940-2123 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - TIB ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cojocaru, Vasile A1 - Turiac, Raul-Rusalin A1 - Frunzaverde, Doina A1 - Trisca, Gelu A1 - Bacescu, Nicoleta A1 - Marginean, Gabriela T1 - Effect of the Printing Scenario on the Dimensional Accuracy and the Tensile Strength of Different Colored PLA Specimens Produced by Fused Deposition Modeling JF - Applied Sciences N2 - Dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of components printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) are influenced by several process parameters. In this paper, the authors targeted the effect of the printing scenario and the PLA (polylactic acid) color on parts’ quality. Three scenarios were analyzed: individually printing, simultaneously printing of three, respective five specimens of natural (transparent), red, grey, and black PLA. The temperature variations of successive deposited layers were recorded for the black PLA. The dimensional accuracy of tensile specimens was evaluated, tensile tests were performed, and the results were correlated with the mesostructure of the prints. The effect of the independent variables on the measured parameters was analyzed by ANOVA. The experiments revealed differences for the same printing scenario regarding cross-section area (up to 5.71%) and tensile strength (up to 10.45%) determined by the material color. The number of specimens printed simultaneously and the position of the pecimens on the build plate were found to influence too, but less than the color. Thus, increasing from one to five the number of specimens printed at a time altered both the dimensional accuracy (up to 3.93% increase of the cross-section area) and the tensile strength (up to 3.63% reduction). KW - fused deposition modeling (FDM) KW - polylactic acid (PLA) KW - printing scenario KW - filament color KW - dimensional accuracy KW - tensile strength (UTS) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177642 VL - 14 (2024) IS - 17, Artikel 7642 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vey, Chiara Theresa A1 - Kaygusuz, Viola A1 - Kayser, Josefa Sophia A1 - Beyer, Andreas ED - WILEY, T1 - Detection and enzymatic characterization of human saliva amylase JF - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education N2 - As a rule, an experiment carried out at school or in undergraduate study courses is rather simple and not very informative. However, when the experiments are to be performed using modern methods, they are often abstract and difficult to understand. Here, we describe a quick and simple experiment, namely the enzymatic characterization of ptyalin (human salivary amylase) using a starch degradation assay. With the experimental setup presented here, enzyme parameters, such as pH optimum, temperature optimum, chloride dependence, and sensitivity to certain chemicals can be easily determined. This experiment can serve as a good model for enzyme characterization in general, as modern methods usually follow the same principle: determination of the activity of the enzyme under different conditions. As different alleles occur in humans, a random selection of test subjects will be quite different with regard to ptyalin activities. Therefore, when the students measure their own ptyalin activity, significant differences will emerge, and this will give them an idea of the genetic diversity in human populations. The evaluation has shown that the pupils have gained a solid understanding of the topic through this experiment. KW - Amylase, Enzymcharakterisierung Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-44942 VL - 2024 PB - Wiley ER -