TY - JOUR A1 - Wiening, Annika S. A1 - Bergendahl, Jörn A1 - Leyton-Ortega, Vicente A1 - Nalbach, Peter T1 - Optimizing qubit control pulses for state preparation JF - Quantum Information Processing N2 - In the burgeoning field of quantum computing, the precise design and optimization of quantum pulses are essential for enhancing qubit operation fidelity. This study focuses on refining the pulse engineering techniques for superconducting qubits, employing a detailed analysis of square and Gaussian pulse envelopes under various approximation schemes. We evaluated the effects of coherent errors induced by naive pulse designs. We identified the sources of these errors in the Hamiltonian model’s approximation level. We mitigated these errors through adjustments to the external driving frequency and pulse durations, thus implementing a pulse scheme with stroboscopic error reduction. Our results demonstrate that these refined pulse strategies improve performance and reduce coherent errors. Moreover, the techniques developed herein are applicable across different quantum architectures, such as ion-trap, atomic, and photonic systems. KW - Control pulses for qubits KW - Quantum gate pulse design KW - Quantum computing KW - Chirp modulation KW - Superconducting qubits KW - Coherent errors Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-024-04613-5 SN - 1570-0755 VL - 2025 IS - 24 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rajan, Kohulan A1 - Weißenborn, Viktor A1 - Lederer, Laurin A1 - Steinbeck, Christoph A1 - Zielesny, Achim T1 - MARCUS: molecular annotation and recognition for curating unravelled structures JF - Digital Discovery N2 - The exponential growth of chemical literature necessitates the development of automated tools for extracting and curating molecular information from unstructured scientific publications into open-access chemical databases. Current optical chemical structure recognition (OCSR) and named entity recognition solutions operate in isolation, which limits their scalability for comprehensive literature curation. Here we present MARCUS (Molecular Annotation and Recognition for Curating Unravelled Structures), a tool designed for natural product literature curation that integrates COCONUT-aware schema mapping, CIP-based stereochemical validation, and human-in-the-loop structure refinement. This integrated web-based platform combines automated text annotation, multi-engine OCSR, and direct submission capabilities to the COCONUT database. MARCUS employs a fine-tuned GPT-4 model to extract chemical entities and utilises a Human-in-the-loop ensemble approach integrating DECIMER, MolNexTR, and MolScribe for structure recognition. The platform aims to streamline the data extraction workflow from PDF upload to database submission, significantly reducing curation time. MARCUS bridges the gap between unstructured chemical literature and machine-actionable databases, enabling FAIR data principles and facilitating AI-driven chemical discovery. Through open-source code, accessible models, and comprehensive documentation, the web application enhances accessibility and promotes community-driven development. This approach facilitates unrestricted use and encourages the collaborative advancement of automated chemical literature curation tools. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49019 VL - 2025 IS - 4 SP - 3137 EP - 3148 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Binder, Nele A1 - Costi, Leone A1 - Izzo, Dario A1 - Seidl, Tobias T1 - Quantifying Nature’s Bistability: Simulation of Earwig Fan Folding JF - Biomimetics N2 - In this work, a numerical tool is presented to simulate the dynamics of insect wing folding by example of the fan folding of the dermapteran hindwing. The scalability of the system is demonstrated by generalising the mechanical behaviour from the small geometry of the wing to a suitable scale for engineering applications, such as deployable structures for space applications. The tool is written in Python and based on the MuJoCo physics engine. Sections of the anal fan are modelled as a bar-and-hinge model with elastic tendons, allowing a high number of design parameters and fast computation. In light of these advantages, the wing folding and unfolding behaviour is investigated with respect to the tendon’s elastic properties and the actuation of the deformation. Bistability is characterised using a single tendon and the entire fan section. Given the upscaled geometry of the analysed section, the required tendon characteristics to transition between the stable states are identified within a reasonable range for technological transfer towards biomimetic structures modelled after the dermapteran hindwing. KW - biomechanics KW - Dermaptera KW - earwig KW - wing folding KW - bistability KW - MuJoCo Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49073 SN - 2313-7673 VL - 2026 IS - 11 (1) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Georg A1 - Peter, Grass A1 - Moeini, Ghazal T1 - Influence of electron beam modulation on deposition characteristics in directed energy deposition–electron beam additive manufacturing (DED-EB) of titanium JF - Welding in the World N2 - Directed energy deposition–electron beam (DED-EB) additive manufacturing is a highly promising process for the fabrication of titanium components, offering high deposition rates and precise process control under vacuum conditions. However, optimizing the deposition characteristics, such as dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and layer uniformity, remains a key challenge, partly due to the complex dynamics of heat input and melt pool behavior. This study examines the influence of electron beam modulation on these deposition characteristics by systematically varying beam deflection parameters, including frequency and pattern, during the wire-based additive manufacturing of titanium. The effects of beam modulation on wire melting, melt pool stability, layer formation, and overall build geometry were thoroughly evaluated. The results demonstrate that carefully controlled electron beam modulation enables significant improvements in deposition stability, surface finish, and control over geometric features, thereby enhancing process reliability and enabling the production of near-net-shape titanium components. Notably, a parameter set consisting of a circular beam deflection at an oscillation frequency of 500Hz and an overfocus setting of + 40 mA effectively minimized surface ripples and waviness, thereby enhancing process stability and yielding defect-free components. These insights contribute to advancing DED-EB as a viable solution for applications where high geometric accuracy and process efficiency are demanded. KW - additive manufacturing KW - directed energy deposition KW - wire feed process KW - electron beam oscillation KW - titanium Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49006 SN - 1878-6669 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 69, Issue 12 PB - Springer Nature ET - Modified publication 2025 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rensinghoff, Farina A1 - Menze, Jonas ED - EVALAG (Evaluationsagentur Baden-Württemberg), ED - Hinsken, Aletta ED - Bodo-Hartmann, Ana-Maria ED - Ehinger, Julia T1 - Lehraufträge in der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung BT - Wie Hochschuldidaktik und Qualitätsmanagement einer gemeinsamen Herausforderung durch bedarfsorientierte Lehrendensupportangebote begegnen können T2 - Qualität in der wissenschaftlichen und künstlerischen Weiterbildung. Akteur:innen, Organisationen, Gesellschaft (Hochschulweiterbildung in Theorie und Praxis, 10) N2 - Der Beitrag fokussiert eine strategische Zusammenarbeit von Qualitätsmanagement und Hochschuldidaktik zur Förderung der Lehrqualität beim Einsatz externer Lehrender in der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung. Die Hochschuldidaktik unterstützt dabei die Hauptprogrammplanenden und trägt von der Mikro- bis zur Makroebene entscheidend zur Planung und Weiterentwicklung von Lehrkonzepten bei. Externe Lehrende werden hierzu in ein umfassendes Supportsystem eingebunden, das neben einem Grundlagenworkshop und Vernetzungsangeboten auch digitale Tools und KI-gestütztes Lernen umfasst, um ihre Lehre bedarfsorientiert zu optimieren. Dabei agieren sie sowohl als Lehrende als auch als Lernende, was ihre didaktischen Fähigkeiten und das Verständnis der Studierendenperspektive vertieft. Das Angebot zielt dabei gleichermaßen auf eine Steigerung der Motivation sowie der Kompetenz der Lehrenden und ist eingebunden in einen Kreislauf zur iterativen Qualitätsentwicklung. N2 - The article focuses on the strategic cooperation between quality management and university didactics to promote teaching quality in the employment of external lecturers in academic continuing education. University didactics supports the main program planners and makes a decisive contribution to the planning and further development of teaching concepts from the micro to the macro level. External lecturers are integrated into a comprehensive support system that includes a basic workshop and networking opportunities as well as digital tools and AI-supported learning in order to optimize their teaching in line with requirements. They act as both teacher and learner, deepening their didactic skills and understanding of the student perspective. The program aims to increase both the motivation and competence of teachers and is integrated into a cycle of iterative quality development. KW - wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Qualitätsentwicklung KW - Lehrendensupport KW - Kompetenzentwicklung KW - Scientific further education KW - University didactics KW - Quality development KW - Teacher support KW - Skills development Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48990 SN - 9783763978205 (Print) SN - 9783763978205 (E-Book) SP - 143 EP - 153 PB - wbv Media CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neugebauer, Malte A1 - Falk, Sabrina A1 - Erlebach, Ralf A1 - Higuchi, Saburo A1 - Nakamura, Yasuyuki T1 - Robust & Reliable Automated Feedback Using Tree Edit Distance for Solving Open Response Mathematical Questions T2 - Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2025). April 1-3, 2025, in Porto, Portugal N2 - As the student population becomes increasingly heterogeneous, providing effective feedback is crucial for personalized education. However, human feedback is resource-intensive, while large language models can be unreliable. Our method bridges this gap by offering informative, similarity-based feedback on mathematical inputs. In an experiment with 207 students, we found that this approach encourages engagement, facilitates the completion of harder exercises, and reduces quitting after incorrect inputs. Compared to traditional feedback mechanisms that struggle with unforeseen error patterns, our method increases student perseverance and confidence. By balancing reliability, resources, and robustness, our solution meets the diverse needs of contemporary students. With its potential to enhance self-learning and student outcomes, this research contributes to the growing conversation on personalized education and adaptive learning systems. KW - Tree Edit Distance KW - Feedback KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics KW - A/B Testing KW - Self-Regulated Learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48983 SN - 978-989-758-746-7 SN - 2184-5026 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 2 SP - 618 EP - 626 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neugebauer, Malte A1 - Erlebach, Ralf A1 - Kaufmann, Christof A1 - Mohr, Janis A1 - Frochte, Jörg T1 - Efficient Learning Processes by Design: Analysis of Usage Patterns in Differently Designed Digital Self-Learning Environments T2 - Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2024). May 2-4, 2024, in Angers, France N2 - The relevance of e-learning for higher education has resulted in a wide variety of online self-learning materials over the last decade like pedagogical agents (PA) or learning games. Regardless of this variety, educators wonder whether they can make use of these tools for their goals and if so, which tool to choose and in which context a specific tool performs best. To do so, the collection and analysis of learning data – referred to as Learning Analytics (LA) – is required. Along with digital learning environments the possibilities of applying LA are growing. Often, LA focuses on data that can easily be quantified: drop-out quota, time or grade performance. To facilitate learning in a more procedural sense, a deeper understanding of learners’ behavior in specific contexts with specific exercise designs is desired. This study therefore focuses on usage patterns. Learners’ movements through three different designs of mathematical exercises – (i) plain exercises, (ii) PA supported and (iii) fantasy game design – are analyzed with Markov chains. The results of an experiment with 503 students inform about which design facilitates what kind of learning. While the PA design lets learners enter more partial solutions, the fantasy game design facilitates exercise repetition. KW - Learning Analytics KW - Learning Management System KW - Gamification KW - Pedagogical Agent KW - A/B Testing KW - Self-Regulated Learning KW - Higher Education Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48973 SN - 978-989-758-697-2 SN - 2184-5026 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 2 SP - 467 EP - 477 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Externbrink, Kai A1 - Brouns, Tim A1 - Thiem, Verena Katharina T1 - Leaders’ Psychological Costs and Benefits of Servant Leadership: A Conservation of Resources View T2 - 22nd European Congress of Work and Organisational Psychology (EAWOP 2025): Transforming Working Environments: Challenges & Opportunities. May 21-24 2025, Prague, Czech Republic N2 - Servant leadership is widely recognized for its positive effects on followers, but its impact on leaders' mental health remains understudied. This gap is crucial, as servant leadership might place significant demands on leaders' psychological resources, without sufficient social, psychological, or organizational rewards. Drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), we investigate how and when servant leadership affects leaders' mental health, viewing its role not only as resource-depleting but also as resource-generating for leaders, depending on the organizational context. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted using leader self-assessments (N = 101; N = 170). Study 1 focused on the relationship between servant leadership, experienced meaningfulness, emotional exhaustion, and flourishing, emphasizing the resource-generating potential of servant leadership. Study 2, examined the moderating effect of the distributive justice climate (DJC) on the link between servant leadership and emotional exhaustion, exploring the possibility of resource depletion under conditions of low organizational fairness. Results. In Study 1, servant leadership was found to mitigate emotional exhaustion by enhancing experienced meaningfulness at work. Moreover, it fostered leaders' flourishing through the same mechanism, suggesting that servant leadership can be a source of leaders’ well-being. Study 2 demonstrated that DJC moderates the servant leadership–emotional exhaustion relationship. Specifically, when DJC is low, servant leaders are more susceptible to emotional exhaustion, indicating that unfair organizational climates can exacerbate the resource-depleting aspects of servant leadership. Servant leadership has the potential to both reduce and exacerbate emotional exhaustion in leaders. While it generates psychological resources like experienced meaningfulness, which enhances well-being, its effectiveness is influenced by the organizational context. In unjust environments, servant leadership's emotional demands may lead to resource depletion. These findings are in line with COR and highlight the complex impact of servant leadership on the well-being of leaders. Limitations remain to issues of causality. KW - Servant Leadership KW - Conservation of Resources KW - COR Y1 - 2025 PB - Czech Association of Work and Organizational Psychologists CY - Prag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaper, Anna-Katharina A1 - Ettl, Kerstin T1 - Fifteenth anniversary of the 5M framework: an integrative literature review and future research directions for women’s entrepreneurship JF - International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship N2 - Purpose – To advance women’s entrepreneurship research,scholarsrequire a clearer understanding of how, and where, researchers have applied the field’s critical theoretical frameworks, as well as how extant studies have shaped the development ofthe frameworks and field of women’s entrepreneurship. This paper addresses this gap by conducting an integrative literature review (ILR) of Brush et al.’s (2009) 5 M framework article and proposes a conceptualization of 5 M framework research alongside future research directions for the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – Our study utilizes an ILR to analyze how researchers have leveraged the 5 M framework and what this reveals about its development and role in women’s entrepreneurship research. We draw on Scopus and Google Scholar databases to present a comprehensive review of all publications (n 5 944) that cite Brush et al.’s (2009) article (from 2009 to 2023), focusing on those works (n 5 87) which base their methodological or theoretical approach on the 5 M framework. Findings – Our ILR reveals that research using the 5 M framework can be conceptualized as consisting of four different layers: the specific contributions made by such research to the development of the 5 M framework itself; the key themes and mechanisms within women’s entrepreneurship addressed by this research; the methodological approaches applied; and the empirical contexts in which the framework dimensions have been employed. Research limitations/implications – Our study identifies pertinent literature gapsin women’s entrepreneurship and provides pathways for diversifying theory-building in the field. Originality/value – We analyze a prominent theoretical framework in the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Our analysis shows not only pathways for future women’s entrepreneurship research but also the status of the field and how researchers deal with existing frameworks, thus highlighting opportunities to go beyond the status quo. KW - Women entrepreneurship KW - 5M framework KW - ILR KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Gender Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48963 SN - 1756-6274 VL - 2025 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Waldeier, Ann-Elen A1 - Weinacht, Stefan A1 - Morasch, Christopher ED - Weder, Franzisca T1 - The Role of Greenwashing Suspicion for Advertising Effectiveness T2 - Strategic Sustainability Communication. Principles, Perspectives and Potential (Part of the book series: CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance ((CSEG)) N2 - Sustainability communication as an increasingly circumscribable research field grounds in communication, management and marketing concepts. This chapter focuses on communication of sustainability, sustainable consumption and green claiming and discusses the effects of non-transparent sustainability communication and greenwashing. It specifically presents a study on how the suspicion of greenwashing in green advertising affects attitudes towards the ad and the brand, as well as the purchase intention. The affect transfer hypothesis is used as a model to understand advertising effects in this context. Additionally, this study delves into potential influencing factors on suspicion of greenwashing, such as the type of green advertising and the “lifestyle of health and sustainability” (LOHAS). The research question is addressed through a quantitative experimental online survey. The results demonstrate that the suspicion of greenwashing has a negative effect on attitude towards the ad and on attitude towards the brand, as well as on purchase intention. The chapter therefore offers new insights into one of the critical aspects of strategic sustainable communication and lays the groundwork for future research on “washing” (green, pink, rainbow, etc.) and the need for re-framing sustainability in business-consumer discourses. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-89486-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89486-2_8#DOI SN - 2196-7075 SP - 127 EP - 142 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Gesetzliche Altersgrenze für Anwaltsnotare ist verfassungswidrig : BVerfG, Urteil vom 23.9.2025 – 1 BvR 1796/23 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 24 SP - 424 EP - 424 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruetzner, Irina A1 - Droege, Freya A1 - Kesten, Simone A1 - Geisthoff, Urban A1 - Hiepen, Christian T1 - Disrupted Vessels—Connected Voices: Why Patient Partnership and Cross-Disease Collaboration Are Essential for Accelerating HHT Research JF - Biomedicines N2 - Rare vascular diseases such as hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) represent a big challenge in biomedicine: complex pathomechanisms, limited patient material, and fragmented research communities slow down therapeutic progress. We argue that two elements are pivotal to bypass this problem. First, genuine partnership with patients—ranging from biospecimen donation to agenda setting—can unlock critical resources and align research with real-world needs. Second, molecular intersections between HHT and related pathologies call for coordinated, cross-disease programmes rather than isolated efforts. Recent multi-stakeholder gatherings hosted by patient organisations in Germany and elsewhere, such as the Second Scientific Symposium by the German HHT self-help group (Morbus Osler Selbsthilfe e.V.) in May 2025, have shown that when clinicians, basic scientists from different disciplines, and affected families co-design research questions, novel in vitro models can be generated more accurately, and pragmatic clinical trials emerge. Here, we outline actual opportunities for patient-integrated cellular model systems, shared biobanking, and comparative approaches across vascular malformation syndromes. In our opinion, letting informed and well-organised patient communities assemble such meetings opens unique opportunities twofold: on the one hand, the field can finally break out of its disease-specific silos; on the other hand, the development of novel HHT therapies could be accelerated by learning from progress in related pathologies. KW - HHT KW - Morbus Osler KW - vascular malformations KW - endothelial cells KW - BMP KW - ALK1 KW - endoglin KW - TGF-β KW - CCM Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48953 SN - 2227-9059 VL - 2025 IS - 13 (12) PB - MDPI ER -