TY - JOUR A1 - Rühmkorf, Andreas T1 - Towards Sustainable Supply Chains: A Critical Assessment of the German Supply Chain Act JF - International Company and Commercial Law Review Y1 - 2024 VL - 35 (2024) IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shah, Manan A1 - Bornemann, Till L.V. A1 - Nuy, Julia K. A1 - Hahn, Martin W. A1 - Probst, Alexander J. A1 - Beißer, Daniela A1 - Boenigk, Jens T1 - Genome-resolved metagenomics reveals the effect of nutrient availability on bacterial genomic properties across 44 European freshwater lakes JF - Environmental Microbiology N2 - Abstract Understanding intricate microbial interactions in the environment is crucial. This is especially true for the relationships between nutrients and bacteria, as phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon availability are known to influence bacterial population dynamics. It has been suggested that low nutrient conditions prompt the evolutionary process of genome streamlining. This process helps conserve scarce nutrients and allows for proliferation. Genome streamlining is associated with genomic properties such as %GC content, genes encoding sigma factors, percent coding regions, gene redundancy, and functional shifts in processes like cell motility and ATP binding cassette transporters, among others. The current study aims to unveil the impact of nutrition on the genome size, %GC content, and functional properties of pelagic freshwater bacteria. We do this at finer taxonomic resolutions for many metagenomically characterized communities. Our study confirms the interplay of trophic level and genomic properties. It also highlights that different nutrient types, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, impact these properties differently. We observed a covariation of functional traits with genome size. Larger genomes exhibit enriched pathways for motility, environmental interaction, and regulatory genes. ABC transporter genes reflect the availability of nutrients in the environment, with small genomes presumably relying more on metabolites from other organisms. We also discuss the distinct strategies different phyla adopt to adapt to oligotrophic environments. The findings contribute to our understanding of genomic adaptations within complex microbial communities. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.16634 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16634 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 26, Issue 6, Artikel Nr. e16634 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Madge Pimentel, Iris A1 - Baikova, Daria A1 - Buchner, Dominik A1 - Burfeid Castellanos, Andrea A1 - David, Gwendoline M. A1 - Deep, Aman A1 - Doliwa, Annemie A1 - Hadžiomerović, Una A1 - Mayombo, Ntambwe Albert Serge A1 - Prati, Sebastian A1 - Spyra, Marzena Agata A1 - Vermiert, Anna-Maria A1 - Beißer, Daniela A1 - Dunthorn, Micah A1 - Piggott, Jeremy J. A1 - Sures, Bernd A1 - Tiegs, Scott D. A1 - Leese, Florian A1 - Beermann, Arne J. T1 - Assessing the response of an urban stream ecosystem to salinization under different flow regimes JF - Science of The Total Environment N2 - Abstract Urban streams are exposed to a variety of anthropogenic stressors. Freshwater salinization is a key stressor in these ecosystems that is predicted to be further exacerbated by climate change, which causes simultaneous changes in flow parameters, potentially resulting in non-additive effects on aquatic ecosystems. However, the effects of salinization and flow velocity on urban streams are still poorly understood as multiple-stressor experiments are often conducted at pristine rather than urban sites. Therefore, we conducted a mesocosm experiment at the Boye River, a recently restored stream located in a highly urbanized area in Western Germany, and applied recurrent pulses of salinity along a gradient (NaCl, 9 h daily of +0 to +2.5 mS/cm) in combination with normal and reduced current velocities (20 cm/s vs. 10 cm/s). Using a comprehensive assessment across multiple organism groups (macroinvertebrates, eukaryotic algae, fungi, parasites) and ecosystem functions (primary production, organic-matter decomposition), we show that flow velocity reduction has a pervasive impact, causing community shifts for almost all assessed organism groups (except fungi) and inhibiting organic-matter decomposition. Salinization affected only dynamic components of community assembly by enhancing invertebrate emigration via drift and reducing fungal reproduction. We caution that the comparatively small impact of salt in our study can be due to legacy effects from past salt pollution by coal mining activities >30 years ago. Nevertheless, our results suggest that urban stream management should prioritize the continuity of a minimum discharge to maintain ecosystem integrity. Our study exemplifies a holistic approach for the assessment of multiple-stressor impacts on streams, which is needed to inform the establishment of a salinity threshold above which mitigation actions must be taken. KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Algae KW - Fungi KW - Parasites KW - Organic-matter decomposition KW - Primary production Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969724019922 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171849 VL - 2024 (Special Issue Multilevel response to stressor increase and release in stream ecosystems) IS - Volume 926, Artikel Nr. 171849 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alhaji, Basel A1 - Büttner, Sebastian Thomas A1 - Kumar, Shushanth Sanjay A1 - Prilla, Michael T1 - Trust dynamics in human interaction with an industrial robot JF - Behaviour & Information Technology N2 - ABSTRACT Trust is important for collaboration. In hybrid teams of humans and robots, trust enables smooth collaboration and reduces risks. Just as collaboration between humans and robots differs from interpersonal collaboration, so does the nature of trust in human-robot interaction (HRI). Therefore, further investigations on trust formation and dissolution in HRI, factors affecting it, and means for keeping trust on an appropriate level are needed. However, our knowledge of interpersonal trust and trust in autonomous agents cannot be transferred directly to HRI. In this paper, we present a study with 32 participants on trust formation and dissolution as well as forecasting to influence trust in an industry robot. Results show differences in dynamics and factors of trust formation and dissolution. Additionally, we find that the effect of forecasting on trust depends on task success. These findings support the design of trustful human-robot interaction and corresponding robotic team members. KW - Human-centered computing KW - Human computer interaction (HCI) KW - Empirical studies in HCI KW - Human-Robot Interaction KW - Industrial Robot KW - Trust KW - Trust Dynamics KW - Collaboration Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2316284 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2316284 VL - 2025 IS - Vol. 44, No. 2 SP - 266 EP - 288 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möltner, Hannah A1 - Pötter, Nina A1 - Abel, Sören A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra A1 - Nevries, Pascal T1 - Validierung einer deutschen Übersetzung der Academic Motivation Scale JF - Diagnostica N2 - Bislang existierte keine deutschsprachige, validierte Übersetzung der Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist daher die Validierung einer deutschen Übersetzung der AMS in zwei Studien. Die Übersetzung der AMS folgte dem TRAPD-Modell, einer Weiterentwicklung der Back-Translation-Methode. Die erste zweiwellige Studie (N = 211) zeigte gute bis sehr gute interne Konsistenzen und mit den Originalversionen der AMS weitgehend übereinstimmende Retest-Reliabilitäten. Die postulierte siebenfaktorielle Struktur wies gegenüber einem ein- bzw. dreifaktoriellen Modell den besten Modell-Fit auf. Die zweite zweiwellige Studie (N = 221) analysierte die konvergente und divergente Validität, sowie die Kriteriumsvalidität. Zusammenfassend verfügt die deutsche Version der AMS über gute psychometrische Eigenschaften und kann daher in Forschung und Praxis eingesetzt werden. N2 - There is presently no validated German translation of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). This study therefore validates the German translation of the AMS in two studies. The translation of the AMS followed the TRAPD model, a further development of the back-translation method. The first two-wave study (N = 211) showed good to very good internal consistencies and retest reliabilities that were largely consistent with the original versions of the AMS. The postulated seven-factor structure showed the best model fit compared to a one-or-three-factor model. The second two-wave study (N = 221) analyzed convergent and divergent validities as well as criterion validity. In summary, the German version of the AMS has good psychometric properties and can be used in research and practice. T2 - Validation of a German Translation of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS-D) KW - Studienmotivation KW - Übersetzung KW - Validierung KW - Fragebogen KW - academic motivation KW - translation KW - validation KW - questionnaire Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47928 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 70, Issue 4 SP - 151 EP - 161 PB - Hogrefe Verlag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mbaye, Lara A1 - Thiemann, Markus A1 - Sutter, Christine A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra T1 - Wirksamkeit von Achtsamkeitstrainings und Erfolgsfaktoren für deren Implementierung im beruflichen Kontext von Ersthelfenden JF - Die Polizei. Unabhängige, interdisziplinäre Fachzeitschrift für öffentliche und private Sicherheit Y1 - 2024 SN - 0032-3519 VL - 2024 IS - 115, Heft 5 SP - 161 EP - 165 PB - Carl Heymanns Verlag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lukenda, Kimberly A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra A1 - Sutter, Christine T1 - Expressive writing as a practice against work stress: An experimental study JF - Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health N2 - This study examines the effectiveness of expressive writing in reducing work stress. Expressive writing involves structured written exercises of self-disclosure for cognitive and affective processing of stressful experiences over several writing sessions. Using a 3x3 mixed design, we examined the effects of the intervention on work stress as well as work-related motivation and attitudes in 62 German participants. We found a sex-specific effect in the significant reduction of exhaustion in men in the experimental group. In contrast, women in the control group showed significantly higher levels of exhaustion. This effect was not found for women in the experimental group. Despite the limitations of our research in terms of sample differences in baseline levels, our research identifies an alleviating effect of expressive writing on emotional exhaustion as the core facet of burnout. Future research should specifically select individuals with higher levels of stress to address the limitations mentioned. KW - Expressive writing KW - work stress KW - stress management KW - stress intervention KW - written emotional disclosure Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47902 SN - 1555-5240 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 40, Issue 3 SP - 433 EP - 456 PB - Routledge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paknejad, Masih A1 - Azarhoushang, Bahman A1 - Zahedi, Ali A1 - Khakrangin, Mehdi A1 - Bösinger, Robert A1 - Faramarz, Hojati T1 - Laser-assisted surface grinding of innovative superhard SiC-bonded diamond (DSiC) materials JF - Ceramics International N2 - Silicon carbide (SiC)-bonded diamond materials, comprising approximately 50% diamond by volume, represent innovative composites with exceptional mechanical and thermal properties, including high hardness, wear and corrosion resistance, and elevated thermal conductivity. Despite these advantageous properties, the machining of these composites presents formidable challenges due to their extremely high hardness. Grinding with diamond tools is commonly employed among the limited viable machining methods. However, the efficiency of this process is hindered by high grinding forces, elevated temperatures, and significantly high tool wear. Additionally, the surface integrity, form, and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece are compromised by the effects of tool wear and high cutting forces. To address these technological constraints in the grinding of SiC-bonded diamond materials, a laser-assisted grinding process has been developed. Ultra-short pulsed laser radiations were effectively utilized to induce material ablation with controlled structural damages, enhancing the productivity and efficiency of the grinding process through reduced grinding forces, temperatures, and tool wear. Furthermore, this study investigated the influence of grinding tools’ specifications, design variations, and parameters on key aspects such as grinding forces, surface quality, and tool wear. Substantial reductions of up to 70% in tangential grinding forces, 83% in normal grinding forces, and a modest improvement in surface roughness achieved. The surface integrity analysis revealed a damage-free ground surface when utilizing laser assistance. Furthermore, there was a substantial enhancement in the grinding ratio (G-ratio), achieving an increase of up to 247%, concurrently with a noteworthy improvement in the actual removal depth, reaching up to 99%, when compared to conventional grinding processes. Compared to the utilized segmented metal bonded diamond grinding wheel, the vitrified bonded diamond grinding wheel induced lower grinding forces and higher actual removal rates. KW - SiC-Bonded diamond KW - Grinding KW - Laser-assisted grinding KW - Ultra-short pulse laser KW - Grinding forces KW - Tool wear KW - Surface integrity Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47440 SN - 1873-3956 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 50, Issue 11, Part A SP - 18391 EP - 18407 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Soni, Aashish A1 - Beißer, Daniela A1 - Mladenov, Emil A1 - Höller, Matthias A1 - Wohlers, Inken A1 - Nikolov, Vladimir A1 - Magin, Simon A1 - Mussfeldt, Tamara A1 - Klein-Hitpass, Ludger A1 - Cornforth, Michael N. A1 - Loucas, Bradford D. A1 - Rahmann, Sven A1 - Iliakis, George T1 - NGS Detects Extensive Genomic Alterations in Survivors of Irradiated Normal Human Fibroblast Cells JF - Radiation Research N2 - Abstract It is thought that cells surviving ionizing radiation exposure repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and restore their genomes. However, the recent biochemical and genetic characterization of DSB repair pathways reveals that only homologous recombination (HR) can function in an error-free manner and that the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathways canonical NHEJ (c-NHEJ), alternative end joining (alt-EJ), and single-strand annealing (SSA) are error-prone, and potentially leave behind genomic scars and altered genomes. The strong cell cycle restriction of HR to S/ G2 phases and the unparalleled efficiency of c-NHEJ throughout the cell cycle, raise the intriguing question as to how far a surviving cell reaches after repairing the genome back to its pre-irradiation state. Indeed, there is evidence that the genomes of cells surviving radiation treatment harbor extensive genomic alterations. To directly investigate this possibility, we adopted next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and tested a normal human fibroblast cell line, 82-6 hTert, after exposure up to 6 Gy. Cells were irradiated and surviving colonies expanded and the cells frozen. Sequencing analysis using the Illumina sequencing platform and comparison with the unirradiated genome detected frequent genomic alterations in the six investigated radiation survivor clones, including translocations and large deletions. Translocations detected by this analysis and predicted to generate visible cytogenetic alterations were frequently (three out of five) confirmed using mFISH cytogenetic analysis. PCR analysis of selected deletions also confirmed seven of the ten examined. We conclude that cells surviving radiation exposure tolerate and pass to their progeny a wide spectrum of genomic alterations. This recognition needs to be integrated into the interpretation of biological results at all endpoints, as well as in the formulation of mathematical models of radiation action. NGS analysis of irradiated genomes promises to enhance molecular cytogenetics by increasing the spectrum of detectable genomic alterations and advance our understanding of key molecular radiobiological effects and the logic underpinning DSB repair. However, further developments in the technology will be required to harness its full potential. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-24-00094.1 VL - 2024 IS - 203(1) SP - 37 EP - 52 PB - BioOne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noll, Jessica A1 - Leven, Felix A1 - Limberg, Johannes A1 - Weidmann, Christoph A1 - Ostermann, Rainer T1 - Electrospinning as a Fascinating Platform for Teaching Applied Polymer Science with Safe and Sustainable Experiments JF - Journal of Chemical Education N2 - Abstract Electrospinning has been widely used as a versatile technique to generate nanofibers of various materials. It is also helpful in teaching topics ranging from macromolecular chemistry to physics, safety, and sustainability at various levels of difficulty and student involvement. Simple and safe hands-on experiments/manual assays can be realized for less than 30 euros to demonstrate polymer viscosity and nanofiber alignment and solubility. Students can further study (super)hydrophobicity and even upcycle packaging waste into useful filter materials but also improve the electrospinning setup from a manual assay to an inexpensive Arduino-based 3D printed research platform. Alternatively, the latter can be used for teacher demonstrations of more challenging experiments that can also be easily done using a commercial syringe-pump. KW - Electrospinning KW - Polymer KW - Nanoscience KW - Sustainability KW - First-Year Undergraduate KW - Multidisciplinary KW - Demonstrations KW - Materials Science Y1 - 2024 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00504 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00504 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 101, Issue 9 SP - 3936 EP - 3943 PB - ACS Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frunzaverde, Doina A1 - Marginean, Gabriela A1 - Ciubotariu, Costel-Relu T1 - Corrosion and Cavitation Performance of Flame-Sprayed NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Reinforced with Hard Particles JF - Crystals (Special Issue Modern Technologies in the Manufacturing of Metal Matrix Composites) N2 - To enhance the operational life of hydraulic machinery, protective coatings against wear, particularly cavitation erosion, and corrosion might be applied on the surfaces of components. The experiments conducted in this study aimed to assess the suitability of 80/20 NiCrBSi/WC-Co composite coatings for this purpose. A coating of NiCrBSi self-fluxing alloy, which served as the reference material, was deposited alongside a NiCrBSi coating reinforced with 20% WC-Co, both applied by flame spraying onto X3CrNiMo13-4 substrates, the martensitic stainless steel type frequently utilized in turbine blade manufacturing. The improved density of the coatings and adhesion to the substrate was achieved by remelting with an oxyacetylene flame. The cavitation and corrosion performance of both the reference and composite coating were evaluated through cavitation tests and electrochemical measurements conducted in the laboratory. The results demonstrate that the addition of 20% WC-Co significantly enhances the cavitation resistance of the composite material, as evidenced by the reduction to 3.76 times of the cumulative erosion (CE), while the stabilization rate remained at half the value observed for the reference self-fluxing alloy coating. Conversely, the addition of WC-Co into the NiCrBSi coating resulted in a slight decrease in the corrosion resistance of the self-fluxing alloy. Nevertheless, the corrosion rate of the composite coating (124.80 µm/year) did not significantly exceed the upper limit for excellent corrosion resistance (100 µm/year). KW - cavitation resistance KW - corrosion resistance KW - coatings KW - hydraulic machinery KW - self-fluxing alloys KW - NiCrBSi KW - WC-12Co KW - NiCrBSi/WC-Co composites Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47740 SN - 2073-4352 VL - 2024 IS - 14 (12) SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geyer, Marvin A1 - Leven, Felix A1 - Limberg, Johannes A1 - Andronescu, Corina A1 - Ostermann, Rainer T1 - Reproducible Superinsulation Materials: Organosilica-Based Hybrid Aerogels with Flexibility Control JF - Gels (Special Issue Aerogels: Synthesis and Applications) N2 - In this study, we report highly crosslinked hybrid aerogels with an organic backbone based on vinylmethyldimethoxysilane (VMDMS) with tuneable properties. For an improved and highly reproducible synthesis, a prepolymer based on 2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4V4) and VMDMS as monomers was prepared and purified. Di-tert-butylperoxide (DTBP) concentrations of 1 mol% initiate the radical polymerization of the mentioned monomers to achieve high yields of polymers. After purification, the obtained viscous polyorganosilane precursor could be reproducibly crosslinked with dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS) or methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to form gels in benzylic alcohol (BzOH), water (H2O) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH). Whereas freeze-drying these silica-based hybrid aerogels led to high thermal conductivity (>20 mW m−1K−1) and very fragile materials, useful aerogels were obtained via solvent exchange and supercritical drying with CO2. The DMDMS-based aerogels exhibit enhanced compressibility (31% at 7 kPa) and low thermal conductivity (16.5 mW m−1K−1) with densities around (0.111 g cm−3). The use of MTMS results in aerogels with lower compressibility (21% at 7 kPa) and higher density (0.124 g cm−3) but excellent insulating properties (14.8 mW m−1K−1). KW - hybrid aerogel KW - supercritical drying KW - bendability/flexibility control KW - radical polymerization KW - polycondensation KW - superinsulation material KW - energy storage Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47738 SN - 2310-2861 VL - 2024 IS - 10 (11) SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voß, Julia A1 - Butz, Benjamin A1 - Ettl, Kerstin T1 - What’s driving them? A qualitative approach to explore women entrepreneurs’ motivations in STEM JF - International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship N2 - Purpose: Entrepreneurship and the disciplines of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are considered important drivers of innovation. At the same time, the representation of women entrepreneurs in STEM remains low. Despite this disparity, a number of women still choose to start ventures and persist in pursuing their innovations in STEM. This study aims to examine the motivational factors that drive women entrepreneurs to approach and consistently pursue their innovations and ventures in STEM. Design/methodology/approach: Drawing on the concept of the heterogeneity of motivational factors (Graham and Bonner, 2022) and Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986, 2001; Wood and Bandura, 1989), 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted with women entrepreneurs in STEM. This approach allowed for an in-depth exploration of the heterogeneous motivational factors influencing women entrepreneurs in STEM. Findings: The motivations of women entrepreneurs in STEM are multifaceted, interrelated and dynamic. They encompass personal and cognitive, behavioral and environmental factors and partly change over time. This study reveals two levels of heterogeneity: the heterogeneity of women entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial motivations, and the within-context heterogeneity of women entrepreneurs in STEM themselves. Originality/value: This study addresses the need for a deeper understanding of women entrepreneurs in STEM. By focusing on nuanced aspects of entrepreneurial motivations that are often overlooked in the existing literature, this research provides valuable insights and discusses implications for theory, policy and education. KW - Women entrepreneurship KW - STEM KW - Entrepreneurial motivation KW - Heterogeneity Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47687 SN - 1756-6266 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 17, Issue 2 SP - 215 EP - 244 PB - Emerald Publishing Group ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olma, Joshua A1 - Sutter, Christine A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra T1 - When failure is not an option: a police firearms training concept for improving decision-making in shoot/don’t shoot scenarios JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - Sometimes, policing requires a quick and correct assessment of potentially hazardous situations. The training of tactical gaze control and visual attention, and its positive impact on efficient shoot/don’t shoot decisions in police cadets’ use of firearms has recently been demonstrated. On this basis, we designed an individual videobased police firearms training that was grounded on the Four-Component Instructional Design Model (4C/ID). We shifted toward an individual blended learning approach where we applied an intervention training focused on situational awareness, tactical gaze control, and visual attention. In a preregistered lab experiment, N = 45 senior police officers were randomly allocated to the intervention training or an active control training that resembled a traditional police firearms training. Both groups watched a self-produced educational video before proceeding to the practical training in our indoor firing range. In a pre- and post-test, they engaged in realistic shoot/don’t shoot video scenarios. Both groups did very well regarding decision-making, the optimal muzzle position, and the tactical conduct to keep both eyes open before shooting. Although both groups performed on a comparable level in the pre-test’s shoot scenarios, the intervention group significantly improved their response times and time until the first hit. Overall, we were able to provide an adapted, didactically based police firearms training that supplements current standards. We demonstrated that experts are still susceptible to innovative training concepts and therefore substantiate the recommendation to devote more attention to approaches that emphasize the importance of situational awareness, tactical gaze control, and visual attention in police firearms training. KW - police KW - vision KW - attention KW - training KW - decision-making KW - shooting Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47582 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 15 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Matthias A1 - Mylo, Max D. A1 - Lorenz, Leon Silvan A1 - Böckenholt, Lars A1 - Beismann, Heike T1 - Stereo Camera Setup for 360° Digital Image Correlation to Reveal Smart Structures of Hakea Fruits JF - Biomimetics (Special Issue Biological and Bioinspired Smart Adaptive Structures) N2 - Abstract About forty years after its first application, digital image correlation (DIC) has become an established method for measuring surface displacements and deformations of objects under stress. To date, DIC has been used in a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies to biomechanically characterise biological samples in order to reveal biomimetic principles. However, when surfaces of samples strongly deform or twist, they cannot be thoroughly traced. To overcome this challenge, different DIC setups have been developed to provide additional sensor perspectives and, thus, capture larger parts of an object’s surface. Herein, we discuss current solutions for this multi-perspective DIC, and we present our own approach to a 360° DIC system based on a single stereo-camera setup. Using this setup, we are able to characterise the desiccation-driven opening mechanism of two woody Hakea fruits over their entire surfaces. Both the breaking mechanism and the actuation of the two valves in predominantly dead plant material are models for smart materials. Based on these results, an evaluation of the setup for 360° DIC regarding its use in deducing biomimetic principles is given. Furthermore, we propose a way to improve and apply the method for future measurements. KW - biomimetics KW - functional morphology KW - plant biomechanics KW - plant motion KW - strain analysis KW - structure-function relationship KW - 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) KW - Hakea sericea KW - Hakea salicifolia Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47562 VL - 2024 IS - 9(3), Artikel Nr. 191 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eßler, Julian A1 - Woelk, Dino Horst A1 - Utu, Ion-Dragos A1 - Marginean, Gabriela T1 - Impact of hBN Content on the Tribological Behavior and Thermal Diffusivity of HVOF-Sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr Coatings JF - Materials (Special Issue Advances in Tribological and Other Functional Properties of Materials) N2 - Considering the significant health risks posed by hard chrome plating during its application, thermally sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr cermet coatings represent a suitable alternative. Incorporating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a dry lubricant into the feedstock powder can further enhance wear resistance and thermal conductivity, crucial for preventing premature failure caused by inadequate lubrication. In this study, the mass fraction of hBN was varied between 0 and 15 wt.% to assess its influence on the tribological performance of the coatings using pin-on-disk tests. The coating’s hardness was measured via the Vickers method, and its cracking tendency at the coating/substrate interface was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to analyze the microstructure and phase composition, while thermal diffusivity was determined using the laser flash method. The findings revealed that the inclusion of hBN, at concentrations of up to 10 wt.%, leads to an improvement in thermal diffusivity and a reduction in the coefficient of friction. However, exceeding this threshold leads to a decrease in hardness and increased crack formation tendency, highlighting the trade-off between frictional and mechanical properties. KW - boron nitride composite coatings KW - HVOF KW - Cr3C2-NiCr KW - sliding wear KW - thermal diffusivity Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47295 VL - 2024 IS - 17 (22) SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laband, Dana Laureen A1 - Esken, Henning A1 - Pollerberg, Clemens A1 - Joemann, Michael A1 - Doetsch, Christian T1 - Analysis of the Potential for Thermal Flexibility of Cooling Applications JF - Energies N2 - The feed-in of electricity from renewable energies, such as wind or solar power, fluctuates based on weather conditions. This unpredictability due to volatile feed-in can lead to sudden changes in energy generation so that solutions ensuring grid stability need to be implemented. The cooling sector offers the opportunity to create flexibilities for such balancing, with this study focusing on the thermal flexibilities that can be provided by cooling applications. Various cooling-demand profiles are investigated with respect to their load profile and their impact on flexibility is analysed. In addition to the cooling demand, scenarios of different storage dimensions are considered. As a result, it shows that an increasing base-load level and increasing operating-load duration have a negative effect on flexibility, while an increasing full-load duration is beneficial for flexibility. Storage size also has a strong impact as higher storage capacity and storage performance indicate higher flexibility, whereas above a certain size they only provide little added value. KW - flexibility KW - load management KW - cooling application KW - cooling-load profile Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47285 VL - 2024 IS - 17(8), Artikel Nr. 4685 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ma, Zhiren A1 - Brugni, Talles Vianna A1 - Hector, Heiko A1 - Sauer, Bernd T1 - The Power of Responsibility: Unlocking the Potential of CSR in Hospitality’s Fight against Food Waste JF - Sustainability (Special Issue Sustainability in the Food Industry) N2 - This research focuses on the significant role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in shaping employees’ behavior towards the reduction of food waste in the hospitality industry that has been under scrutiny for its environmental impact. The study aimed at understanding how CSR, coupled with employees’ moral attitudes, admiration for their organization, and climate change awareness influences sustainable practices by realizing the complex interplay between company initiatives and personal psychology. The participants were staff members who worked in several hotels in China where there were active CSR programs. Using established scales, we collected 422 valid responses over three waves to strengthen our data collection process. Empirically, it was found that CSR directly influenced food-waste-reduction behavior. Additionally, it was discovered that this relationship was mediated by moral attitudes and employee admiration as well as moderated by awareness of climate change. The findings have substantial theoretical implications regarding the interaction between emotional and cognitive factors within the CSR framework to influence behavior among employees. This paves the way for creating well-rounded strategies that appeal to staff and encourage sustainability in the hotel business. While focused on China’s hospitality industry, this research creates room for future studies in other places around the world using various methods. The conclusions drawn underline the critical role of CSR in promoting environmental sustainability in the hospitality industry, providing a pathway for organizations to engage employees in meaningful and impactful sustainability initiatives. KW - sustainable individual behavior KW - food wastage KW - emotions KW - cognitions KW - hospitality Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47260 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 2024 IS - 16 (7) SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uthoff, Jana A1 - Jakobs-Schönwandt, Desiree A1 - Dietz, Karl-Josef A1 - Patel, Anant V. T1 - Development of a Seed Treatment with Pochonia chlamydosporia for Biocontrol Application JF - Agriculture N2 - Seed treatment is a powerful technique for adding beneficial ingredients to plants during the seed preparation process. Biopolymers as drying agents and delivery systems in seed treatments were investigated for their biocompatibility with blastospores of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia. To produce a novel seed treatment for the cover crop Phacelia tanacetifolia, xanthan gum TG and gellan gum were the most promising biopolymers in combination with potato starch and bentonite. The seed treatment process as well as the drying process were specially designed to be scalable, which make it suitable for applying the developed seed treatment in agriculture. Application of gellan gum in seed treatments led to 6.3% ± 1.6% of vital blastospores per seed compared to 3.8% ± 0.3% of vital blastospores when applying xanthan gum. Storage tests for seed treatments with 0.5% gellan gum indicated a higher stability at 4 °C compared to storage at 21 °C. After 42 days of storage at 4 °C, 54.1% ± 15.1% of the applied blastospores were viable compared to 0.3% ± 0.8% at 21 °C. This novel seed treatment application with P. chlamydosporia blastospores includes the seed treatment procedure, drying process, and storage tests and can easily be upscaled for application in agriculture. KW - seed treatment KW - Pochonia chlamydosporia KW - biopolymers KW - shelf life Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47240 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/1/138 VL - 2024 IS - 14, Artikel Nr. 138 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olma, Joshua A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra A1 - Sutter, Christine T1 - Blended police firearms training improves performance in shoot/don't shoot scenarios: a systematic replication with police cadets JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - Senior police officers' tactical gaze control and visual attention improve with an individual video-based police firearms training. To validate the efficacy of said intervention training, a previous experiment was systematically replicated with a sample of N = 52 second-year police cadets. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention training that focused on situational awareness, tactical gaze control, and visual attention, or an active control training that addressed traditional marksmanship skills. In a pre- and post-test, they had to engage in dynamic shoot/don't shoot video scenarios in an indoor firing range. Overall, the previous findings were replicated: Baseline levels of performance were elevated, yet the intervention group significantly improved their response time and time until the first hit. False positive decision-making cannot be reported at all; false negatives were marginal in the pre-test and eliminated after training. Further, the outcomes of the previous sample of senior officers and the present sample of cadets are compared and lead to the conclusion that the presented approach is a valuable extension of current training standards for both senior police officers and police cadets. KW - police, vision, attention, training, decision-making, shooting, experience, expertise Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47100 VL - 2024 EP - Volume 15 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dahm, Stephan Frederic A1 - Rieger, Martina A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra T1 - Improvement by imagining actions: Bimanual transfer effects after action imagery practice in a sequential reaction time task JF - Acta Psychologica N2 - Action-imagery-practice refers to the repetitive use of action imagery to improve subsequent performance leading to partially different representation types than action-execution-practice (AEP). This study explored the representation types in kinesthetic action-imagery-practice (K-AIP) and visual action-imagery-practice (V-AIP) in a serial reaction time task using the crossed hand transfer paradigm. 169 participants (age M ± SD = 25.2 ± 3.9) were randomly assigned to AEP, K-AIP, V-AIP, or control-practice (CP), practicing with uncrossed hands on ten consecutive days. Tests involved the same sequence, a mirror sequence, a shifted sequence, and a shifted mirror sequence, each with uncrossed and crossed hands. With crossed hands, sequence-specific transfer effects indicated only little evidence for effector-independent representations in late stages of learning in AEP and V-AIP. Performance in the same sequence with uncrossed hands indicated the acquisition of stimulus-response location associated effector-dependent sequence-specific representations in AEP, K-AIP and V-AIP, but not in CP. These visual-spatial effector-dependent representations were stronger after AEP than after AIP. Overall, no important differences between both AIP groups were observed, and both groups reported similar focus on kinesthesis and vision, suggesting that irrespective of the instructions, rather than focusing on one single modality, AIP always involves a combination of both modalities - vision and kinesthesis - that promote motor learning. KW - Motor imagery KW - Mental practice KW - Motor learning KW - Action representations KW - Effector-dependence Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47095 SN - 0001-6918 VL - February 2025 IS - Vol. 252 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Angstmann, Marius T1 - From waste to value? Valuation and materiality in geographies of industrial by-product use JF - Progress in Economic Geography N2 - Discussions about the environmental impacts of production and consumption are fuelling interest in strategies to transform industrial regions. While economic geography and regional development research extensively cover sustainable innovation and green regional development, innovation diffusion, demand-side aspects, and market emergence are often neglected. This paper illustrates how an enhanced valuation perspective that integrates materiality more directly helps to assess dynamic social processes of valuation in the case of low-carbon, resource efficient solutions. Through a path tracing approach, the paper assesses how two industrial by-products, slag sand and fly ash, evolved into highly valued secondary resources in Germany's Ruhr. Regional availability, market devices, and institutional work influence different dimensions of market valuation in waste-to-value processes. Insights on different phases of the development provide hint on how to organise and foster regional circular solutions. Findings may inform research and policy to advance emerging green industries, market creation for sustainable resources, and industrial decarbonisation, where the materiality of technologies and resources plays a key role. KW - Market valuation KW - Decarbonization KW - Materiality KW - Secondary resources KW - Industrial symbiosis KW - Economic geography Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47050 SN - 2949-6942 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 3, Issue 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Butzin, Anna A1 - Rabadjieva, Maria A1 - Terstriep, Judith T1 - Anchoring challenges through citizen participation in regional challenge-based innovation policies JF - Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions (Special Issue Geographies of Missions) N2 - This study focuses on citizen participation as a co-productive and knowledge-intensive process in innovation policies concerned with regionally anchoring grand challenges. We apply a process-tracing approach and analyse citizen participation in two regional challenge-based innovation policies in the Ruhr, Germany. Local sensemaking, problem ownership, iterations and knowledge co-production are discussed as key mechanisms in the anchoring process. The results reveal the importance of a collective dimension in interpreting the local problem setting of a challenge achieved by reaching out to numerous citizens and how local, corrective and actionable knowledge facilitate the regional challenge anchoring. The policy formulation phase required the highest level of knowledge co-produced with citizens, followed by the implementation phase. KW - Citizen participation KW - Regional challenge-based innovation policies KW - Challenge anchoring KW - Knowledge co-production KW - Process-tracing Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47030 SN - 2210-4224 VL - 2024 IS - 52 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keuchel, Stephan A1 - Lohrmann, David T1 - Spatial effects of carbon pricing on transport equity JF - Transport Policy N2 - There is an ongoing process that greenhouse gas emissions of transport will be incorporated in the European Emissions Trading System. The cap-and-trade approach will result in substantial price increases for fossil fuels which will affect affordability of the transport systems. Within this paper the regressive effect on car-owning households is described in different area categories of the urban and rural region in Germany. Equal-per-household redistribution of the carbon revenue could reverse the regressive effect into a progressive effect. However, there is substantial variation within the different economic status groups leaving notable shares of households with a very low economic status without a positive net transfer. This share will be lowest in the metropolises of the urban region and highest in small-sized cities/village areas of the urban and rural region. Particularly in the latter area categories, these households may need temporary mobility allowances due to limited abatement options. Despite the environmental bonus, electric car-owning households still belong to groups of higher economic status, and public transport supply is limited, particularly in the small-sized cities/village areas of the urban and rural region. KW - Carbon pricing KW - Mobility KW - Equity KW - Equivalised income KW - Regional spatial type Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47040 SN - 0967-070X VL - 2024 IS - 155 SP - 255 EP - 263 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Colling, Christopher A1 - Schumacher, Axel A1 - Mecking, Klaus T1 - Level-set-based topology optimization of threedimensional structures considering the manufacturing process with realistic milling tools JF - Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization N2 - Abstract In this work, we develop an approach for the level set based topology optimization of millable 3D structures. We focus on the 3-axis machining with realistic formed milling tools. The basis of the method lies in the identification of surface areas that cannot be reached by a given milling tool during optimization. For this purpose, we present an interpolation method that identifies these areas by an interpolation of the level set function along the outer contours of realistic milling tools, considering available machining directions. To minimize inaccessible surfaces, we define a potential field whose values decrease linearly into the outer normal direction of the structure. The inaccessible boundaries are pushed outward by minimizing their respective potential and therefore become accessible. Manufacturability is integrated into the optimization problem as an explicit constraint. KW - Topology optimization KW - Level set method KW - CNC milling KW - Manufacturing constraints KW - Subtractive manufacturing Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00158-024-03928-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-024-03928-2 VL - 2024 IS - 67, Artikel Nr. 204 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cramer, E. A1 - Kucharski, Alexander Bajwa A1 - Kreimeier, J. A1 - Andreß, S. A1 - Li, S. A1 - Walk, C. A1 - Merkl, F. A1 - Högl, J. A1 - Wucherer, Patrick A1 - Stefan, Philipp A1 - von Eisenhart-Rothe, Rüdiger A1 - Enste, Peter A1 - Roth, D. T1 - Requirement analysis for an AI-based AR assistance system for surgical tools in the operating room: stakeholder requirements and technical perspectives JF - International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery N2 - Abstract Purpose We aim to investigate the integration of augmented reality (AR) within the context of increasingly complex surgical procedures and instrument handling toward the transition to smart operating rooms (OR). In contrast to cumbersome paper-based surgical instrument manuals still used in the OR, we wish to provide surgical staff with an AR head-mounted display that provides in-situ visualization and guidance throughout the assembly process of surgical instruments. Our requirement analysis supports the development and provides guidelines for its transfer into surgical practice. Methods A three-phase user-centered design approach was applied with online interviews, an observational study, and a workshop with two focus groups with scrub nurses, circulating nurses, surgeons, manufacturers, clinic IT staff, and members of the sterilization department. The requirement analysis was based on key criteria for usability. The data were analyzed via structured content analysis. Results We identified twelve main problems with the current use of paper manuals. Major issues included sterile users’ inability to directly handle non-sterile manuals, missing details, and excessive text information, potentially delaying procedure performance. Major requirements for AR-driven guidance fall into the categories of design, practicability, control, and integration into the current workflow. Additionally, further recommendations for technical development could be obtained. Conclusion In conclusion, our insights have outlined a comprehensive spectrum of requirements that are essential for the successful implementation of an AI- and AR-driven guidance for assembling surgical instruments. The consistently appreciative evaluation by stakeholders underscores the profound potential of AR and AI technology as valuable assistance and guidance. KW - Smart operating room KW - AI surgery KW - Intelligent surgery KW - Biomedical engineering KW - Augmented Reality KW - Surgical instruments Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11548-024-03193-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-024-03193-0 VL - 19 SP - 2287 EP - 2296 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rajan, Aravindh Nammalvar Raja A1 - Krochmal, Marcel A1 - Wegener, Thomas A1 - Hartmaier, Alexander A1 - Niendorf, Thomas A1 - Moeini, Ghazal T1 - Micro-macro modeling of tensile behavior of a friction stir welded hybrid joint of AlSi10Mg parts produced by powder bed fusion and casting JF - Welding in the World N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained considerable interest due to its ability to produce lightweight parts with hierarchical microstructures. However, the current constraints on the build chamber size in powder-bed fusion type AM processes limit its industrial application. A hybrid welded joint, consisting of an AM-processed and a conventionally manufactured part, can be employed to produce larger components. Due to the varying processing conditions, these hybrid welded joints contain a wide range of microstructural heterogeneities, which influences the mechanical properties of the joint. Using a numerical model to predict the mechanical behavior of welded joints by considering the microstructural variations is essential for the safe and reliable implementation of hybrid welded joints. This study aims to predict the local tensile behavior of each region of a hybrid friction-stir welded joint of AlSi10Mg produced by laser-based powder bed fusion and casting using a microstructure-sensitive model as well as the global tensile behavior by considering the properties of each region using a joint macroscopic model. The results from this modeling approach agree well with the experimental results. Therefore, this method can predict the mechanical behavior of hybrid welded joints and can establish the structure–property relationship in each weld region. KW - additive manufacturing KW - friction stir welding KW - casting KW - crystal plasticity KW - multiscale modeling KW - aluminum–silicon alloy Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9 VL - 68 SP - 1693 EP - 1705 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greitens, Jan T1 - Adolf Weber's Munich School of Economics and Its Influence on the Early Bundesbank: The Example of Bernhard Benning JF - History of Political Economy N2 - This article analyses the early years of the history of the Bundesbank from a history of economic thought perspective. The study uses the example of Bernhard Benning, who headed the Economics Department of the Reichs-Kredit-Gesellschaft, one of the major banks owned by the German Reich during the National Socialist era. After the war Benning was appointed a member of the board of directors of the Deutsche Bundesbank for twenty-two years. As a student of Adolf Weber and his Munich school of economics, Benning's views were shaped by classical liberal rather than ordoliberal ideas. His legitimacy in postwar Germany stemmed from his public opposition to war financing and warnings about inflation during the Donner-Benning Debate of 1942–43. In this tradition, the early Bundesbank was Weberian rather than ordoliberal, so, for instance, fixed exchange rates were favored, and a strong business and investment perspective was adopted. KW - Bundesbank KW - Adolf Weber KW - ordoliberalism KW - money KW - inflation Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-46903 VL - 2025 IS - 57(2) SP - 279 EP - 305 PB - Duke University Press CY - Durham, NC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rajan, Kohulan A1 - Zielesny, Achim A1 - Steinbeck, Christoph T1 - STOUT V2.0: SMILES to IUPAC name conversion using transformer models JF - Journal of Cheminformatics N2 - Naming chemical compounds systematically is a complex task governed by a set of rules established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). These rules are universal and widely accepted by chemists worldwide, but their complexity makes it challenging for individuals to consistently apply them accurately. A translation method can be employed to address this challenge. Accurate translation of chemical compounds from SMILES notation into their corresponding IUPAC names is crucial, as it can significantly streamline the laborious process of naming chemical structures. Here, we present STOUT (SMILES-TO-IUPAC-name translator) V2, which addresses this challenge by introducing a transformer-based model that translates string representations of chemical structures into IUPAC names. Trained on a dataset of nearly 1 billion SMILES strings and their corresponding IUPAC names, STOUT V2 demonstrates exceptional accuracy in generating IUPAC names, even for complex chemical structures. The model’s ability to capture intricate patterns and relationships within chemical structures enables it to generate precise and standardised IUPAC names. While established deterministic algorithms remain the gold standard for systematic chemical naming, our work, enabled by access to OpenEye’s Lexichem software through an academic license, demonstrates the potential of neural approaches to complement existing tools in chemical nomenclature. KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Transformer KW - SMILES KW - IUPAC names Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-024-00941-x VL - 2024 IS - 16:146 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Unger, Sebastian A1 - Robens, Sibylle A1 - Anderle, Laura A1 - Ostermann, Thomas T1 - Digital Drawing Tools for Assessing Mental Health Conditions – A Scoping Review JF - German Medical Data Sciences 2024 - Health - Thinking, Researching and Acting Together ; Proceedings of the 69th Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (gmds) 2024 in Dresden, Germany Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, Bd. 317 N2 - Introduction: Drawing tasks are an elementary component of psychological assessment in the evaluation of mental health. With the rise of digitalization not only in psychology but healthcare in general, digital drawing tools (dDTs) have also been developed for this purpose. This scoping review aims at summarizing the state of the art of dDTs available to assess mental health conditions in people above preschool age. Methods: PubMed, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, CINAHL, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection were searched for dDTs from 2000 onwards. The focus was on dDTs, which not only evaluate the final drawing, but also process data. Results: After applying the search and selection strategy, a total of 37 articles, comprising unique dDTs, remained for data extraction. Around 75 % of these articles were published after 2014 and most of them target adults (86.5 %). In addition, dDTs were mainly used in two areas: tremor detection and assessment of cognitive states, utilizing, for example, the Spiral Drawing Test and the Clock Drawing Test. Conclusion: Early detection of mental diseases is an increasingly important field in healthcare. Through the integration of digital and art based solutions, this area could expand into an interdisciplinary science. This review shows that the first steps in this direction have already been taken and that the possibilities for further research, e.g., on the optimized application of dDTs, are still open. KW - Review KW - Software Tools KW - Drawing KW - Painting KW - Mental Health Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI240864 SP - 251 EP - 259 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hofer, Jan A1 - Leicher, Darian T1 - From Core Business to By-product : Why German Media Companies Still Invest in Journalism JF - Studies in Media and Communication N2 - The emergence of digital technologies over the past two decades has brought about changes that threaten the very existence of german media companies. The journalistic business model is losing sales, and the decline in print circulations is making it successively difficult to earn money with journalistic products. Therefore, german media companies have been investing in business models that have no relation to journalism to generate growth for years – with success. Considering this development, it is astonishing from a purely economic perspective that media groups, which are increasingly developing into technology companies, are still clinging to the ailing journalistic business model at all. To examine their motives to do so, this study poses the following research question: "Why do media companies still invest in journalistic products today?" To answer it, the researcher conducted interviews with highlevel employees from media companies as part of a qualitative study. Analysis of the data revealed that media companies continue to invest in journalism mainly because they benefit economically from the brands their journalistic products represent. Other reasons like serving as a pillar of the democratic constitution or to help shape public discourse seem to be less important. KW - new business KW - journalism Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-46336 VL - 12(2024) IS - No. 4 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greitens, Jan T1 - Disintermediation? Herkunft und Zukunft des bank-basierten Finanzsystems JF - Vierteljahreshefte zur Arbeits- und Wirtschaftsforschung N2 - The question of the optimal design of financial systems, whether more bank-based or more market-based, has a long history. Four phases of the discussion can be distinguished: Before World War I, in the rivalry between Germany and England, the debate begins. Across the spectrum, from the liberal Adolf Weber to the Marxist Rudolf Hilferding and the eclectic Joseph Schumpeter, comparisons were made, and the heterogenous authors arrived at similar assessments. During the Cold War, in contrast to the Soviet-Russian model, Alexander Gerschenkron’s depiction with the advantages of backwardness became influential. After the 1990s and in line with the Varieties of Capitalism approach, the discussion led by Ross Levine resulted in a consensus where different financial systems were embedded in their broader institutional context. The current discussion attempts to prove the superiority of capital markets, pointing to the American system as example. KW - Finanzsysteme KW - Kapitalmarktunion KW - Disintermediation KW - Schumpeter KW - Bankfinanzierung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/vaw.2024.1447203 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 185 EP - 204 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greitens, Jan T1 - Die europäische Sustainable Finance-Regulierung und der deutsche Mittelstand JF - Zeitschrift für das gesamte Kreditwesen N2 - The European Sustainable Finance regulation is primarily focused on capital markets, requiring companies to disclose extensive data. However, these regulations pose challenges for German SMEs, which rely heavily on bank financing. A survey showed that 60% of SMEs invest in sustainability, but external financing remains limited. The EU's approach may need adjustments, such as creating a voluntary sustainability reporting standard for SMEs and developing a streamlined approach for green loans. KW - Mittelstand KW - Sustainable Finance Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/toc_list/ZFGK/2024/ZFGK__%3A2024%3A15/Heft%2B15%2B%252F%2B2024/ZFGK?max=25&offset=25#ZFGK__ZFGK_20240801_724_01_15 UR - https://www.kreditwesen.de/kreditwesen/themenschwerpunkte/aufsaetze/europaeische-sustainable-finance-regulierung-deuts-id97453.html VL - 2024 IS - 15 SP - 724 EP - 729 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cieluch, Maximilian A1 - Kazamer, Norbert A1 - Böhm, Leonard A1 - Sanden, Sebastian A1 - Zerebecki, Swen A1 - Wirkert, Florian Josef A1 - Apfel, Ulf-Peter A1 - Brodmann, Michael T1 - Effect of Electrolyte pH in Additive-Free NiFe Catalyst Electrodeposition for Electro-Catalytic OER Applications JF - ChemElectroChem N2 - This study presents the correlation between electrolyte pH, surface morphology, chemical speciation and electro-catalytic oxygen evolution activity of additive-free electrodeposited NiFe catalysts for application in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. Spherical morphologies were identified at pH 0, shifting towards honey-combed structures at pH 4 with increasing surface area, especially at pH 3. Further, the electrolyte pH was found to influence the NiFe composition and electro-catalytic activity. Enhanced OER activity was noted at pH 2 with overpotentials of 214 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and 267 mV at 100 mA cm−2. The results reveal that the electrolyte pH is a parameter not only influencing the morphology but also tailoring the surface area, Fe oxide and Fe hydroxide composition and consequently the catalytic activity. Further, the outcomes highlight the electrolyte pH as a key process parameter that should be adjusted according to the application, and may substitute the addition of electrolyte-additives, proposing a simpler method for improving catalyst electrodeposition. KW - Electrolyte pH KW - NiFe KW - Electrodeposition KW - OER Applications Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202400492 VL - (11) 2024 IS - Issue 23 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Werbung mit Preisreduzierung muss auf Basis des niedrigsten Preises der letzten 30 Tage berechnet werden JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 IS - 24 SP - 405 EP - 405 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - „Am siebten Tage sollst Du ruhen“ – und nicht shoppen! JF - Verwaltungsrundschau (VR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 70 IS - 12 SP - 415 EP - 421 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Die wichtigsten EuGH-Entscheidungen zum Arbeitsrecht im Jahr 2023 JF - Neue Zeitschrift für Arbeitsrecht - Rechtsprechungs-Report (NZA-RR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 29 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 113 EP - 119 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Kommunale Verpackungssteuern doch verfassungsgemäß!? JF - NWB - Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht Y1 - 2024 VL - 2024 IS - 2 SP - 97 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Keine Festsetzung von kommunalen Abgaben zum Vorteilsausgleich bis zum Sankt-Nimmerleins-Tag JF - NWB Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht Y1 - 2024 VL - 2024 IS - 38 SP - 2659 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Keine Entschädigung für coronabedingte Einnahmeausfälle eines Berufsmusikers während des ersten Lockdowns JF - Entscheidungen zum Wirtschaftsrecht (EWiR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 40 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 115 EP - 117 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Haftung des Bundeslandes für Amtspflichtverletzung eines Börsenorgans JF - Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht (ZIP) Y1 - 2024 VL - 45 IS - 29 SP - 1651 EP - 1652 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Haftung des Luftfahrtunternehmens für Falschinformationen des Reiseveranstalters (EuGH, Landesgericht Korneuburg 17.10.2024 - Rs. C-650/23 und C-705/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 23 SP - 380 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Stempelsteuerbefreiung nur bei Gebietsansässigkeit ist unionsrechtswidrig (EuGH, Oberstes Verwaltungsgericht, Portugal 20.06.2024 - C-420/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 21 SP - 358 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Ausgleichszahlung nach FluggastrechteVO bei vorweggenommener Beförderungsverweigerung auch ohne rechtzeitiges Einfinden zur Abfertigung (EuGH 26.10.2023 - C-238/22) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Gesamtpreis im Sinne der PAngV enthält nicht den beim Kauf von Waren in Pfandbehältern zu entrichtenden Pfandbetrag (BGH 26.10.2023 - I ZR 135/20) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Bilder von Zigarettenpackung auf Automaten müssen Warnhinweise enthalten (BGH 26.10.2023 - I ZR 176/19) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 2 SP - 25 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Konstruktionsfehler als „außergewöhnlicher Umstand“ (Art. 5 III VO Nr. 261/2004) (EuGH, Regionalgericht Warschau 13.06.2024 - C-411/23) – II JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 16 SP - 268 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Konstruktionsfehler als „außergewöhnlicher Umstand“ (Art. 5 III VO Nr. 261/2004) (EuGH, Oberstes Gericht, Finnland 13.06.2024 - C-385/23) – I JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 16 SP - 267 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Kumulative Anwendung des Gesellschaftsrechts zweier Mitgliedstaaten verstößt gegen Niederlassungsfreiheit (EuGH 25.04.2024 - C-276/22) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 13 SP - 214 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - „Schriftliches Einverständnis“ eines Fluggasts kann bei umfangreicher Information auch in elektronischer Form erfolgen (EuGH 21.03.2024 - C-76/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 12 SP - 197 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Bemessung der Beiträge zur Finanzierung der unabhängigen Aufsichtsbehörde (EuGH 25.04.2024 - C-204/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 14 SP - 231 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Kein Ausgleichsanspruch bei Ersatzflug mit unter drei Stunden späterer Ankunftszeit (EuGH 25.01.2024 - C-54/23) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 10 SP - 159 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Wohnsitzpflicht für Erwerb landwirtschaftlicher Flächen verstößt gegen EU-Recht (EuGH 18.01.2024 - C-563/22) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2024 VL - 16 (2024) IS - 8 SP - 130 PB - Beck ER -