TY - CHAP A1 - Neugebauer, Malte A1 - Falk, Sabrina A1 - Erlebach, Ralf A1 - Higuchi, Saburo A1 - Nakamura, Yasuyuki T1 - Robust & Reliable Automated Feedback Using Tree Edit Distance for Solving Open Response Mathematical Questions T2 - Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2025). April 1-3, 2025, in Porto, Portugal N2 - As the student population becomes increasingly heterogeneous, providing effective feedback is crucial for personalized education. However, human feedback is resource-intensive, while large language models can be unreliable. Our method bridges this gap by offering informative, similarity-based feedback on mathematical inputs. In an experiment with 207 students, we found that this approach encourages engagement, facilitates the completion of harder exercises, and reduces quitting after incorrect inputs. Compared to traditional feedback mechanisms that struggle with unforeseen error patterns, our method increases student perseverance and confidence. By balancing reliability, resources, and robustness, our solution meets the diverse needs of contemporary students. With its potential to enhance self-learning and student outcomes, this research contributes to the growing conversation on personalized education and adaptive learning systems. KW - Tree Edit Distance KW - Feedback KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics KW - A/B Testing KW - Self-Regulated Learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48983 SN - 978-989-758-746-7 SN - 2184-5026 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 2 SP - 618 EP - 626 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neugebauer, Malte A1 - Erlebach, Ralf A1 - Kaufmann, Christof A1 - Mohr, Janis A1 - Frochte, Jörg T1 - Efficient Learning Processes by Design: Analysis of Usage Patterns in Differently Designed Digital Self-Learning Environments T2 - Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2024). May 2-4, 2024, in Angers, France N2 - The relevance of e-learning for higher education has resulted in a wide variety of online self-learning materials over the last decade like pedagogical agents (PA) or learning games. Regardless of this variety, educators wonder whether they can make use of these tools for their goals and if so, which tool to choose and in which context a specific tool performs best. To do so, the collection and analysis of learning data – referred to as Learning Analytics (LA) – is required. Along with digital learning environments the possibilities of applying LA are growing. Often, LA focuses on data that can easily be quantified: drop-out quota, time or grade performance. To facilitate learning in a more procedural sense, a deeper understanding of learners’ behavior in specific contexts with specific exercise designs is desired. This study therefore focuses on usage patterns. Learners’ movements through three different designs of mathematical exercises – (i) plain exercises, (ii) PA supported and (iii) fantasy game design – are analyzed with Markov chains. The results of an experiment with 503 students inform about which design facilitates what kind of learning. While the PA design lets learners enter more partial solutions, the fantasy game design facilitates exercise repetition. KW - Learning Analytics KW - Learning Management System KW - Gamification KW - Pedagogical Agent KW - A/B Testing KW - Self-Regulated Learning KW - Higher Education Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48973 SN - 978-989-758-697-2 SN - 2184-5026 VL - 2024 IS - Volume 2 SP - 467 EP - 477 PB - SciTePress CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Externbrink, Kai A1 - Brouns, Tim A1 - Thiem, Verena Katharina T1 - Leaders’ Psychological Costs and Benefits of Servant Leadership: A Conservation of Resources View T2 - 22nd European Congress of Work and Organisational Psychology (EAWOP 2025): Transforming Working Environments: Challenges & Opportunities. May 21-24 2025, Prague, Czech Republic N2 - Servant leadership is widely recognized for its positive effects on followers, but its impact on leaders' mental health remains understudied. This gap is crucial, as servant leadership might place significant demands on leaders' psychological resources, without sufficient social, psychological, or organizational rewards. Drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), we investigate how and when servant leadership affects leaders' mental health, viewing its role not only as resource-depleting but also as resource-generating for leaders, depending on the organizational context. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted using leader self-assessments (N = 101; N = 170). Study 1 focused on the relationship between servant leadership, experienced meaningfulness, emotional exhaustion, and flourishing, emphasizing the resource-generating potential of servant leadership. Study 2, examined the moderating effect of the distributive justice climate (DJC) on the link between servant leadership and emotional exhaustion, exploring the possibility of resource depletion under conditions of low organizational fairness. Results. In Study 1, servant leadership was found to mitigate emotional exhaustion by enhancing experienced meaningfulness at work. Moreover, it fostered leaders' flourishing through the same mechanism, suggesting that servant leadership can be a source of leaders’ well-being. Study 2 demonstrated that DJC moderates the servant leadership–emotional exhaustion relationship. Specifically, when DJC is low, servant leaders are more susceptible to emotional exhaustion, indicating that unfair organizational climates can exacerbate the resource-depleting aspects of servant leadership. Servant leadership has the potential to both reduce and exacerbate emotional exhaustion in leaders. While it generates psychological resources like experienced meaningfulness, which enhances well-being, its effectiveness is influenced by the organizational context. In unjust environments, servant leadership's emotional demands may lead to resource depletion. These findings are in line with COR and highlight the complex impact of servant leadership on the well-being of leaders. Limitations remain to issues of causality. KW - Servant Leadership KW - Conservation of Resources KW - COR Y1 - 2025 PB - Czech Association of Work and Organizational Psychologists CY - Prag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaper, Anna-Katharina A1 - Ettl, Kerstin T1 - Fifteenth anniversary of the 5M framework: an integrative literature review and future research directions for women’s entrepreneurship JF - International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship N2 - Purpose – To advance women’s entrepreneurship research,scholarsrequire a clearer understanding of how, and where, researchers have applied the field’s critical theoretical frameworks, as well as how extant studies have shaped the development ofthe frameworks and field of women’s entrepreneurship. This paper addresses this gap by conducting an integrative literature review (ILR) of Brush et al.’s (2009) 5 M framework article and proposes a conceptualization of 5 M framework research alongside future research directions for the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – Our study utilizes an ILR to analyze how researchers have leveraged the 5 M framework and what this reveals about its development and role in women’s entrepreneurship research. We draw on Scopus and Google Scholar databases to present a comprehensive review of all publications (n 5 944) that cite Brush et al.’s (2009) article (from 2009 to 2023), focusing on those works (n 5 87) which base their methodological or theoretical approach on the 5 M framework. Findings – Our ILR reveals that research using the 5 M framework can be conceptualized as consisting of four different layers: the specific contributions made by such research to the development of the 5 M framework itself; the key themes and mechanisms within women’s entrepreneurship addressed by this research; the methodological approaches applied; and the empirical contexts in which the framework dimensions have been employed. Research limitations/implications – Our study identifies pertinent literature gapsin women’s entrepreneurship and provides pathways for diversifying theory-building in the field. Originality/value – We analyze a prominent theoretical framework in the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Our analysis shows not only pathways for future women’s entrepreneurship research but also the status of the field and how researchers deal with existing frameworks, thus highlighting opportunities to go beyond the status quo. KW - Women entrepreneurship KW - 5M framework KW - ILR KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Gender Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48963 SN - 1756-6274 VL - 2025 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Waldeier, Ann-Elen A1 - Weinacht, Stefan A1 - Morasch, Christopher ED - Weder, Franzisca T1 - The Role of Greenwashing Suspicion for Advertising Effectiveness T2 - Strategic Sustainability Communication. Principles, Perspectives and Potential (Part of the book series: CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance ((CSEG)) N2 - Sustainability communication as an increasingly circumscribable research field grounds in communication, management and marketing concepts. This chapter focuses on communication of sustainability, sustainable consumption and green claiming and discusses the effects of non-transparent sustainability communication and greenwashing. It specifically presents a study on how the suspicion of greenwashing in green advertising affects attitudes towards the ad and the brand, as well as the purchase intention. The affect transfer hypothesis is used as a model to understand advertising effects in this context. Additionally, this study delves into potential influencing factors on suspicion of greenwashing, such as the type of green advertising and the “lifestyle of health and sustainability” (LOHAS). The research question is addressed through a quantitative experimental online survey. The results demonstrate that the suspicion of greenwashing has a negative effect on attitude towards the ad and on attitude towards the brand, as well as on purchase intention. The chapter therefore offers new insights into one of the critical aspects of strategic sustainable communication and lays the groundwork for future research on “washing” (green, pink, rainbow, etc.) and the need for re-framing sustainability in business-consumer discourses. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-89486-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89486-2_8#DOI SN - 2196-7075 SP - 127 EP - 142 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Gesetzliche Altersgrenze für Anwaltsnotare ist verfassungswidrig : BVerfG, Urteil vom 23.9.2025 – 1 BvR 1796/23 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 24 SP - 424 EP - 424 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruetzner, Irina A1 - Droege, Freya A1 - Kesten, Simone A1 - Geisthoff, Urban A1 - Hiepen, Christian T1 - Disrupted Vessels—Connected Voices: Why Patient Partnership and Cross-Disease Collaboration Are Essential for Accelerating HHT Research JF - Biomedicines N2 - Rare vascular diseases such as hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) represent a big challenge in biomedicine: complex pathomechanisms, limited patient material, and fragmented research communities slow down therapeutic progress. We argue that two elements are pivotal to bypass this problem. First, genuine partnership with patients—ranging from biospecimen donation to agenda setting—can unlock critical resources and align research with real-world needs. Second, molecular intersections between HHT and related pathologies call for coordinated, cross-disease programmes rather than isolated efforts. Recent multi-stakeholder gatherings hosted by patient organisations in Germany and elsewhere, such as the Second Scientific Symposium by the German HHT self-help group (Morbus Osler Selbsthilfe e.V.) in May 2025, have shown that when clinicians, basic scientists from different disciplines, and affected families co-design research questions, novel in vitro models can be generated more accurately, and pragmatic clinical trials emerge. Here, we outline actual opportunities for patient-integrated cellular model systems, shared biobanking, and comparative approaches across vascular malformation syndromes. In our opinion, letting informed and well-organised patient communities assemble such meetings opens unique opportunities twofold: on the one hand, the field can finally break out of its disease-specific silos; on the other hand, the development of novel HHT therapies could be accelerated by learning from progress in related pathologies. KW - HHT KW - Morbus Osler KW - vascular malformations KW - endothelial cells KW - BMP KW - ALK1 KW - endoglin KW - TGF-β KW - CCM Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48953 SN - 2227-9059 VL - 2025 IS - 13 (12) PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Oskar A1 - Hörnemann, Jan A1 - Pohlmann, Norbert A1 - Urban, Tobias A1 - Große-Kampmann, Matteo T1 - Different Seas, Different Phishes: Large-Scale Analysis of Phishing Simulations Across Different Industries T2 - ASIA CCS '25: Proceedings of the 20th ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security. Hanoi Vietnam, August 25 - 29, 2025 N2 - Phishing is an increasing threat to the security of end-users, networks, and organizations. Phishing simulations via email are a widespread tool used to measure user awareness, especially in workplace settings. However, current studies focusing on large-scale analysis of phishing simulations often have issues: The phishing simulations were conducted using a small sample size (mostly one or two organizations), or while many emails are sent, the analysis focuses only on specific companies. This study analyzes phishing simulations conducted over three years at 36 organizations with over 68 000 delivered emails. We compare different dimensions of the organizations where these simulations were conducted, such as the economic sector and departments. Furthermore, we evaluate various dimensions of phishing simulation campaigns, such as detection difficulty and the scenario under which the simulation occurs. Our findings indicate significant disparities in the results, such as the industry sector in which the company operates. Moreover, we find substantial differences between the success rates of varying scenarios used for phishing emails. KW - phishing KW - awareness KW - end-users KW - phishing simulations Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-4007-1410-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3708821.3733905 VL - 2025 SP - 1520 EP - 1534 PB - Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böttger, Christian A1 - Hosseini, Henry A1 - Utz, Christine A1 - Demir, Nurullah A1 - Hörnemann, Jan A1 - Wressnegger, Christian A1 - Hupperich, Thomas A1 - Pohlmann, Norbert A1 - Große-Kampmann, Matteo A1 - Urban, Tobias T1 - Privacy from 5 PM to 6 AM: Tracking and Transparency Mechanisms in the HbbTV Ecosystem T2 - 2025 55th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN). 23-26 June 2025, Naples, Italy. Conference Proceedings N2 - Hybrid broadcast broadband television (HbbTV) is an evolving technology that connects linear TV with modern HTML5 applications, delivering extras like games, videos, and online shopping. However, its bidirectional transmission functionality raises privacy concerns, as it introduces new tracking methods for TV channels. While previous studies focused on security issues or user awareness of HbbTV privacy challenges, a detailed examination of the tracking and transparency mechanisms of the HbbTV ecosystem is still missing. This study fills this gap by extensively analyzing these features within the European HbbTV ecosystem, and in particular within German-language TV channels. We monitored more than 350 TV channels for over 400 hours, evaluating 1) prevalent HbbTV tracking methods, 2) consent notice prevalence and user interactions, and 3) privacy policy disclosures. Our findings indicate that the HbbTV tracking system operates independently of the Web, consent notices exploit system constraints to influence users, and privacy policies often do not align with actual data practices. KW - HbbTV KW - smart TV KW - privacy KW - privacy policies Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-1201-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/DSN64029.2025.00017 SN - 2158-3927 VL - 2025 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Keine Landeskompetenz für Anschlusszusage für Postdocs de lege lata ; BVerfG, Beschluss vom 25.6.2025 – 1 BvR 368/22 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 20 SP - 350 EP - 350 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Kommunale Verpackungssteuern sind verfassungsgemäß! JF - NWB Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht Y1 - 2025 SN - 0028-3460 IS - 13 SP - 849 EP - 855 PB - NWB CY - Herne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Steuerschulden als Grund für die Versagung oder Entziehung verwaltungsrechtlicher Erlaubnisse JF - NWB Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht Y1 - 2025 SN - 0028-3460 IS - 11 SP - 721 EP - 726 PB - NWB CY - Herne ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8114-6504-6 PB - C. F. Müller CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Anzeige wegen Verspätung bei der Beförderung von Reisegepäck ; EuGH, Urteil vom 5.6.2025 – C-292/24 (LG Frankfurt a. M.) ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 22 SP - 378 EP - 378 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Vorschriften zur Mindestgewinnbesteuerung sind verfassungsgemäß ; BVerfG, Beschluss vom 23.7.2025 – 2 BvL 19/14 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 IS - 21 SP - 374 EP - 374 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Aufhebung eines finanzgerichtlichen Urteils wegen objektiver Willkür : BVerfG, Beschluss vom 27.5.2025 – 2 BvR 172/24 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 21 SP - 373 EP - 373 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Anwaltsstation im Rechtsreferendariat ist u.U. auch im EU-Ausland möglich : EuGH, Urteil vom 3.4.2025 – C-807/23 (OGH Österreich) ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 18 SP - 313 EP - 313 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Grundsätzliche Bindung der Tarifvertragsparteien an Art. 3 I GG : BVerfG, Beschluss vom 11.12.2024 – 1 BvR 1109/21, 1 BvR 1422/23 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 15 SP - 259 EP - 259 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Erhebung des Solidaritätszuschlags ist aktuell noch verfassungsgemäß : BVerfG, Urteil vom 26.3.2025 – 2 BvR 1505/20 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 13 SP - 229 EP - 229 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Bordkarte als „anderer Beleg“ im Sinne von Art. 2 lit. g) der FluggastrechteVO : EuGH, Urteil vom 6.3.2025 – C-20/24 (Rayongericht Warschau) JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 13 SP - 215 EP - 215 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - „Schriftliches Einverständnis“ mit Flugscheinkostenerstattung in Form von Reisegutscheinen durch konkludentes Verhalten : EuGH, Urteil vom 16.1.2025 – C-642/23 (LG Düsseldorf) ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 11 SP - 181 EP - 181 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Konkretisierung der FluggastrechteVO : EuGH, LG Frankfurt a. M., Urteil vom 16.1.2025 – C-516/23 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 10 SP - 167 EP - 167 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Ying A1 - Moorlach, Benjamin Willem A1 - Jakobs-Schönwandt, Desiree A1 - Patel, Anant V. A1 - Pastacaldi, Chiara A1 - Jacob, Stefan A1 - Sede, Ana Rocio A1 - Heinlein, Manfred A1 - Poranen, Minna Marjetta A1 - Kogel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Jose Ladera Carmona, Maria T1 - Exogenous dsRNA triggers sequence- specific RNAi and fungal stress responses to control Magnaporthe oryzae in Brachypodium distachyon JF - Communications Biology N2 - In vertebrates and plants, dsRNA plays crucial roles as PAMP and as a mediator of RNAi. How higher fungi respond to dsRNA is not known. We demonstrate that Magnaporthe oryzae (Mo), a globally significant crop pathogen, internalizes dsRNA across a broad size range of 21 to about 3000 bp. Incubation of fungal conidia with 10 ng/μL dsRNA, regardless of size or sequence, induced aberrant germ tube elongation, revealing a strong sequence-unspecific effect of dsRNA in this fungus. Accordingly, the synthetic dsRNA analogue poly(I:C) and dsRNA of various sizes and sequences elicited canonical fungal stress pathways, including nuclear accumulation of the stress marker mitogen-activated protein kinase Hog1p and production of ROS. Leaf application of dsRNA to the cereal model species Brachypodium distachyon suppressed the progression of leaf blast disease. Notably, the sequence-unspecific effect of dsRNA depends on higher doses, while pure sequence-specific effects were observed at low concentrations of dsRNA ( < 0.03 ng/μL). The protective effects of dsRNA were further enhanced by maintaining a gap of at least seven days between dsRNA application and inoculation, and by stabilising the dsRNA in alginate-chitosan nanoparticles. Overall, our study opens up additional possibilities for the development and use of dsRNA pesticides in agriculture. KW - Nanobiotechnology KW - Oligo delivery KW - Pathogens KW - Plant sciences Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48877 SN - 2399-3642 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 8 PB - Nature Portfolio ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: Fremdbesitzverbot für Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaften ist unionsrechtskonform : Urteil vom 19.12.2024 – C-295/23 (BayAGH) ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 7 SP - 113 EP - 113 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Abschöpfung von Überschusserlösen nach dem StromPBG ist verfassungskonform : Anmerkungen zu BVerfG, Urteil vom 28.11.2024 – 1 BvR 460/23, 1 BvR 611/23 JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 6 SP - 95 EP - 95 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Umlage von Polizeikosten durch Gebühren bei Hochrisikospielen im Fußball : Anmerkung zum BVerfG-Urteil vom 14.1.2025 (1 BvR 548/22) JF - Zeitschrift für Sport und Recht (SpuRt) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0945-3873 IS - 2 SP - 168 EP - 178 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dietsch, Robin A1 - Jakobs-Schönwandt, Desiree A1 - Blöbaum, Luisa A1 - Persicke, Marcus A1 - Grünberger, Alexander A1 - Patel, Anant V. T1 - Solute excretion improves trehalose uptake and desiccation tolerance of Metarhizium brunneum blastospores JF - Biotechnology for the Environment N2 - In this study, a novel approach was developed to increase the intracellular trehalose concentration in M. brunneum blastospores by uptake from the medium, improving their desiccation tolerance. Briefly, placing the blastospores in a hypotonic environment induced solute excretion, allowing significantly increased trehalose uptake during subsequent trehalose treatment. Conductivity changes and GC–MS analysis revealed that glycerol and lactate excretion is triggered in a hypotonic NaCl solution. After hypotonic + trehalose treatment, intracellular glycerol, lactate, and glucose levels increased, while other desiccation‑protective solutes remained unaffected. A fluorescence‑based single‑cell analysis of membrane stress and death during osmotic desiccation and rehydration showed that membrane stress and cell death were strongly amplified upon rehydration. Trehalose treatment reduced this amplification, while hypotonic + trehalose treatment minimised cell death and prevented a stress response during rehydration, though it increased membrane stress during desiccation. Newly formed germ tubes were identified as critical points of membrane failure during desiccation. Ultimately, the drying survival of blastospores was significantly improved by the hypotonic + trehalose treatment compared to untreated or trehalose‑only‑treated blastospores. In summary, this technique successfully enhanced blastospore desiccation tolerance and could be adapted to load cells with other solutes. KW - Desiccation tolerance KW - Drying KW - Formulation KW - Trehalose KW - Solute excretion KW - Microfluidic cultivation Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48860 SN - 2948-2356 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 2 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - „Verkauf“ der Staatsangehörigkeit durch Mitgliedstaat („goldene Pässe“) unionsrechtswidrig : [EuGH Urt. v. 29.4.2025 - C-181/23] JF - Neue Zeitschrift für Arbeitsrecht Rechtsprechungs-Report (NZA-Rechtsprechungs-Report ; NZA-RR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0949-7137 IS - 7 SP - 416 EP - 416 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moorlach, Benjamin Willem A1 - Sede, Ana Rocio A1 - Hermann, Katharina M. A1 - Levanova, Alesia A. A1 - Poranen, Minna Marjetta A1 - Westphal, Michael A1 - Wortmann, Martin A1 - Stepula, Elzbieta A1 - Jakobs-Schönwandt, Desiree A1 - Heinlein, Manfred A1 - Keil, Waldemar A1 - Patel, Anant V. T1 - Interpolyelectrolyte complexes of in vivo produced dsRNA with chitosan and alginate for enhanced plant protection against tobacco mosaic virus JF - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules N2 - We developed a formulation of long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) using interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs) composed of the biopolymers chitosan and alginate, in order to protect the dsRNA from biotic and abiotic factors. Our primary objectives were to enhance stability of dsRNA against environmental nucleases and, secondarily, to mitigate the negative charge of the dsRNA, which may promote foliar uptake. Our approach relies on submicron particles with adjustable surface charge being either positive or negative. Following this approach, we obtained a high encapsulation efficiency of 94 %. Subsequently, we investigated the influence of the charge ratio and total polymer content on the size, size distribution and ζ-potential of the IPECs. We discovered that formulating at low polymer concentrations ≤0.05 g/L with charge ratios of ≤0.9 (+/􀀀 ) and ≥ 1.25 (+/􀀀 ), respectively, produced <100 nm particles. Furthermore, the IPEC formulation protected dsRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNase III and micrococcal nuclease. In addition, we observed outstanding protection of formulated dsRNA from heat degradation. Experiments on Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed that formulated dsRNA offered protection against tobacco mosaic virus. In essence, this formulation demonstrates versatility for the production of IPECs with customizable size, surface charge, and nucleic acid content. KW - dsRNA KW - RNAi KW - SIGS KW - Formulation KW - Alginate KW - Chitosan KW - Interpolyelectrolyte complex Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48855 SN - 0141-8130 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 306, Part 2 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - EuGH: E-Commerce/Verbraucherrecht: Hinweispflicht auf Bonitätsprüfung in Werbung [Anmerkung zum EuGH-Urteil vom 15.5.2025, C 100/24] JF - Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht (EuZW) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0937-7204 IS - 13 SP - 638 EP - 642 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Senne, Petra T1 - Arbeitsrecht - Das Arbeitsverhältnis in der betrieblichen Praxis T3 - Reihe "Lernbücher für Wirtschaft und Recht" N2 - Das Lehrbuch stellt die Themen des individuellen und kollektiven Arbeitsrechts in ihrem betrieblichen Zusammenhang anhand eines fiktiven Unternehmens praxisnah dar. KW - Anhörung des Betriebsrates KW - Arbeitsvergütung KW - Arbeitsvertrag KW - Ausgleichsquittung KW - Kündigung KW - Stellenausschreibung KW - Tarifvertrag KW - Arbeitsverhältnis Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8006-7280-6 VL - 2025 PB - Vahlen CY - München ET - 11., neu bearbeitete Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Wissens-Check zum Staatsorganisationsrecht, Teil II: Staatsorgane JF - Verwaltungsrundschau (VR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0342-5592 IS - 7 SP - 242 EP - 247 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Wissens-Check zum Staatsorganisationsrecht, Teil I: Staat, Verfassung, Staatsstrukturprinzipien und -zielbestimmungen JF - Verwaltungsrundschau (VR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0342-5592 VL - 2025 IS - 6 SP - 205 EP - 210 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Wissens-Check zum Staatsorganisationsrecht, Teil III: Staatsfunktionen JF - Verwaltungsrundschau (VR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 0342-5592 IS - 8 SP - 272 EP - 278 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Coester, Ulla A1 - Anderle, Laura ED - Detscher, Stefan ED - Hepp, Michael T1 - Verantwortungsvoller Umgang mit KI: Wir brauchen ein gemeinsames (Spiel-)Verständnis T2 - Praxishandbuch Digitales Management N2 - KI-Lösungen und -Systemen wird im wirtschaftlichen sowie gesellschaftlichen Kontext zunehmend Bedeutung beigemessen. Doch aufgrund damit verbundener Implikationen darf die Diskussion hinsichtlich der Verantwortung beispielsweise mit Blick auf die Haftung für die Verursachung von Schäden nicht ausbleiben. Die Frage ist jedoch: Wer trägt die Verantwortung wofür? Insbesondere unter dem Aspekt, dass sich Verantwortung nicht umfassend reglementieren lässt. Zur Beantwortung und entsprechender Handlungsweise bedarf es hier eines gemeinsamen Spielverständnisses aller Beteiligten – denn nur so lässt sich gewährleisten, dass KI verantwortungsvoll eingesetzt werden kann, auch mit Blick auf die Zukunft. Im Beitrag wird hierfür ein Lösungsansatz vorgestellt. KW - Verantwortung KW - KI KW - Geteilte Verantwortung KW - Spielverständnis KW - Nichtschädigungsprinzip KW - Ethik Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-46399-1 (Print) SN - 978-3-658-46399-1 (Online) U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-46399-1_42-1 N1 - Living Reference Work Entry PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Büttner, Carina T1 - Transformation: acceptance factors for electrifying corporate fleets in service companies—an extension of the UTAUT and an empirical study with decision-makers JF - European Transport Research Review N2 - From 2035 onwards, the European Union will no longer register any new vehicles that are not powered in a climate-neutral way. In alignment with this policy, Germany aims to perceived carbon neutrality by 2045, with the electrification of transport playing a central role. Corporate fleets are particularly well-suited for electrification due to their relatively short ownership cycles and frequent vehicle renewals. However, the pace of adoption in organizations remains slow. The success of such technological transitions depends largely on acceptance at the decision-making level. This study investigates the determinants of organizational decision-makers’ behavioral intention to electrify their corporate fleets prior to implementation. To this end, the newly developed Acceptance Model for Electrification (eAM) integrates the two-stage innovation decision-making process within companies. The model accounts for 60% of the variance in behavioral intention. Drawing on the findings, this paper proposes practical recommendations for policy development. KW - Transformation KW - Electrification KW - Corporate fleet cars KW - Innovation decision process KW - Acceptance KW - Intention KW - UTAUT KW - eAM Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48820 SN - 1866-8887 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 17 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voß, Julia A1 - Ettl, Kerstin T1 - Shadows and spotlights: A postfeminist analysis of women innovators’ experiences with (in)visibility JF - Organization N2 - Contrary to the notion that innovation is a universally accessible and meritocratic endeavor, concerns persist over not only women innovators’ numerical underrepresentation but also their (in)visibility. Studying innovation as a social context structured by power, we focus on 18 women innovators in innovation-driving environments. While these women appear to symbolize gender equality and embody contemporary postfeminist ideals of individualism, choice, and empowerment, many have simultaneously experienced (in)visibility and navigated unequal power structures throughout their careers. We investigate how these (in)visibility experiences are reconciled with the promises of postfeminism, exploring how postfeminist ideals are interpreted and negotiated by them to make sense of their own (in)visibility. While (in)visibility has traditionally been theorized in relation to norms and gendered power structures, our findings reveal how postfeminist discourses reframe visibility as an individualized, moralized imperative rooted in self-responsibility. Through this lens, we identify four postfeminist sense-making approaches: meritocratic visibility (embodying postfeminist ideologies), retraditionalized visibility (conforming to femininity), self-disciplined visibility (adapting to gender inequality), and collective-oriented visibility (challenging the status quo). These sense-making approaches highlight the various ways in which postfeminist sensibilities shape subjective experiences, often masking structural inequalities and allowing these to persist in contexts that claim to promote equal opportunities, such as the innovation environment. We point to the need for collective rather than individualized action for structural transformation. KW - gender KW - innovation KW - invisibility KW - postfeminism KW - visibility Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48809 SN - 1350-5084 VL - 2025 IS - 00 (0) PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Rabanal-Arabach, Jorge T1 - Shaalke: Development of a MATLAB Software Tool for Advanced Statistical Outdoor Data Evaluation T2 - EU PVSEC 2025, 42nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition 22-26 September 2025, Bilbao, Spain. Conference Proceedings N2 - This paper introduces Shaalke, a novel analytical software tool developed for the high-accuracy evaluation of long-term photovoltaic module measurement data. Addressing the critical need for robust parameter extraction from field data, Shaalke integrates advanced filtering, linear regression, and algorithmic processing to overcome limitations of traditional evaluation methods. We demonstrate Shaalke's capability to accurately determine STC parameters and both static and dynamic temperature coefficients, showing excellent agreement with manufacturer specifications and independent laboratory measurements. A key finding is Shaalke's precise mapping of the irradiance dependence of module efficiency, filling a significant gap left by typical datasheet values which often only provide data at 1000 and 200 W/m². Furthermore, the tool enables reliable power degradation analysis, identifying modules that exceed manufacturer-tolerated limits. Shaalke provides a comprehensive, data-driven platform for understanding real-world module performance, offering invaluable insights for system design, operation, and quality assurance, thereby bridging the gap between laboratory specifications and field performance. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48763 SN - 3-936338-93-0 SN - 2196-100X SP - 020183-001 EP - 020183-006 PB - WIP CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anghel, Iasmina-Mădălina A1 - Pascu, Alexandru A1 - Hulka, Iosif A1 - Woelk, Dino Horst A1 - Utu, Ion-Dragos A1 - Marginean, Gabriela T1 - Characterization of Cobalt-Based Composite Multilayer Laser-Cladded Coatings JF - Crystals (Special Issue Crystallization of High Performance Metallic Materials (2nd Edition)) N2 - Laser cladding is an essential method for strengthening and restoring component surfaces. To increase its efficacy and provide a reliable surface treatment technique, it is necessary to optimize process parameters, enhance material adhesion, and guarantee high-quality, reliable coatings. These measures help to extend the lifespan of components. In this study, the surfaces of AISI 904L stainless steel samples were cladded to prepare various Co-based composite coatings with single and multiple layers reinforced with WC–CoCr–Ni powder. The phases within the newly developed layers were investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), while the microstructure was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Further tests were performed to assess the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion performance of the deposited coatings. Analyzing and comparing the coatings, it was observed that the coating performance increased with increasing thickness and generally due to a lower amount of Fe present within the microstructure. KW - laser cladding KW - CoCr-based coatings KW - wear KW - corrosion KW - hardness Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48757 SN - 2073-4352 VL - 2025 IS - 15 (11) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Terstriep, Judith A1 - David, Alexandra A1 - Zaghow, Lukas R. A1 - Vershinina, Natalia A1 - Freiling, Jörg T1 - Power plays: Surfacing the hidden currents in entrepreneurial ecosystems JF - Journal of Business Venturing Insights N2 - Entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) research has flourished, yet it continues to overlook how power shapes who can mobilize resources, legitimacy, and opportunity within these systems. This paper reframes power as a constitutive, and not incidental, dimension of ecosystem functioning. Integrating insights from Pfeffer's resource-dependence theory with Foucault's and Bourdieu's social perspectives, we develop a Power-Sensitive Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Framework (PSEEF) that conceptualises power across micro (entrepreneurial identity), meso (network structures), and macro (institutional governance) levels. Our key insight is that power dynamics are the hidden mechanisms through which EEs determine who gains visibility and support, and whose ventures remain peripheral. Recognising these mechanisms enables scholars and practitioners to understand ecosystems not merely as collections of resources but as evolving arenas of legitimacy and control. The framework provides actionable tools for ecosystem leaders to diagnose and rebalance inequalities, advancing both the analytical and practical agenda for inclusive and high-performing EEs. KW - Power KW - Entrepreneurial ecosystems KW - Heterodoxy KW - Social practice KW - Social organisation KW - Social systems KW - Relationality KW - Entrepreneurial ecosystems mechanisms KW - Entrepreneurship Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48535 SN - 2352-6734 VL - 2025 IS - 24 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - David, Alexandra A1 - Terstriep, Judith A1 - Freiling, Jörg T1 - Rethinking Support Policies: The Role of Belonging in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems JF - International Migration N2 - This article explores the importance of belongingness in migrant entrepreneurs' (MEs) engagement within entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs), focusing on emotional and social dimensions often overlooked in favour of structural factors. Through two case studies in Germany's Ruhr area, the article demonstrates how a strong sense of belonging enhances resilience, trust and social capital, essential for business success. The experiences of two MEs, Ilyas and Elif, illustrate belongingness as a catalyst for connectedness and embeddedness, enabling access to networks and resources while countering discrimination. The study suggests that policy frameworks should acknowledge and support the emotional and relational aspects of MEs' integration in EEs. Emphasising informal support systems, community engagement and tailored interventions could help overcome structural barriers and foster more inclusive ecosystems. Future research should further examine these dynamics across diverse cultural and geographical contexts to offer a more comprehensive understanding of MEs' entrepreneurial trajectories. KW - belongingness KW - connectedness KW - ecosystem integration KW - embeddedness KW - entrepreneurial ecosystems KW - migrant entrepreneurship Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48520 SN - 0020-7985 VL - 2025 IS - 63 (6) PB - Wiley ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kruse, Christian A1 - Pietschmann, Urs A1 - Becks, Daniela A1 - Kaese, Lea-Kathrin A1 - Evers, Tom T1 - Nachhaltigkeitsreporting für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen BT - Empirische Erhebung zum Stand der digitalen Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung in Unternehmen des westlichen Münsterlandes N2 - Das Nachhaltigkeitsreporting ist und bleibt für viele Unternehmen ein wichtiges, aktuelles und dynamisches Thema - auch politisch gesehen. Der Studienbericht ist eine Fortführung der im Jahr 2023 durchgeführten empirischen Erhebung zum Stand der digitalen Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung in Unternehmen des westlichen Münsterlandes und fand im Rahmen des EFRE-Projekts "DiNaOpt4KMU" statt. Ein Vergleich der Ergebnisse zur ersten Ausgabe zeigt unter anderem, dass ein Großteil der Unternehmen sich im Bereich Nachhaltigkeit positioniert und weiterentwickelt haben. Zudem konnten in der zweiten Auflage Entwicklungen in der Region Westmünsterland aufgezeigt und bewertet werden. Es konnte eine Klassifizierung der teilgenommen Unternehmen in „Neueinsteiger, Einsteigende und Fortgeschrittene“ erfolgen. Eine weitere Studienauflage ist für das Jahr 2026 in Planung. T3 - Westfälische Schriften zum Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement - 2 KW - Controlling KW - Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Reporting KW - Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48510 SN - 2942-7754 VL - 2025 IS - 2 PB - HEWEA-Druck CY - Gladbeck ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lange, Niklas A1 - Brüning, Johannes A1 - Nietert, Anika A1 - Schlüter, Michael T1 - Inspection of underground sewerage channel infrastructure by deploying a wireless sensor network T2 - SENSORICA 2024. 10th Int. Workshop on Measurement and Sensor Technology for the Digital Transformation, June, 13th-14th 2024 Mülheim Ruhr, Germany. Abstractbook N2 - Meteorological disasters are soon to be more likely due to climate change. To oppose this expected development regular inspection and maintenance of sewage networks becomes increasingly mandatory. Applying customized swimming sensor nodes also called wireless sensor system could be a possibility to ensure real time information on this matter. Interconnecting sensor nodes resemble a wireless sensor network with mesh topology. Gateways installed in inspection hambers hand data over to a back-end. KW - Wireless sensor network KW - Lab-on-a-chip KW - Embedded systems KW - Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh KW - Mesh KW - Real time systems KW - Waste water monitoring KW - Polydimethylsiloxane Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48509 SN - 978-3-946757-07-8 SP - 3 EP - 4 CY - Mülheim an der Ruhr ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frohne, Julia T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz, echte Vorbehalte JF - markenartikel. Das Magazin für Markenführung N2 - Wie können Unternehmen emotionale Barrieren abbauen und die Akzeptanz von Künstlicher Intelligenz fördern? Wie kann eine KI-Kommunikationsstrategie konkret aussehen? KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Markenstrategie KW - Kommunikationsstrategie KW - Organisationspsychologie KW - Unternehmensentwicklung KW - Transformation Y1 - 2025 SN - 0342-1236 VL - 2025 IS - 6 SP - 48 EP - 50 PB - New Business Verlag CY - Hamburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ettl, Kerstin A1 - Frohne, Julia A1 - Voß, Julia ED - Kompetenzzentrum Technik-Diversity-Chancengleichheit e. V., T1 - Glaubwürdige Sichtbarkeit innovativer Frauen stärken – Lessons learned aus der Sichtbarmachung Westfälischer Erfinderinnen T2 - Innovativ – Exzellent – Sichtbar: Frauen in Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Impulse, Best-Practice-Beispiele und Handlungsempfehlungen von der Fachtagung am 20. und 21. März 2025 in Berlin N2 - Unter dem Titel „WE! Vom Labor in den Mittelstand: Westfälische Erfinderinnen. Analyse der Potenziale und Sichtbarmachung innovativer Frauen in regionalen Innovationsökosystemen“ (kurz WE!) widmete sich ein interdisziplinäres Team aus Forschenden an der Westfälischen Hochschule von 2021-2024 der Erforschung und Sichtbarmachung innovativer Frauen: Forscherinnen, Gründerinnen, Spezialistinnen in der Wirtschaft und Initiatorinnen in sozialen Bereichen aus dem Münsterland und dem Ruhrgebiet. Damit lag dem Projekt WE! ein breiter Innovationsbegriff zugrunde, der Produkt- und Verfahrensinnovationen sowie auch Dienstleistungs- und soziale Innovationen berücksichtigte. KW - Erfinderinnen KW - Sichtbarmachung KW - female leadership KW - innovative Frauen KW - Kommunikationsstrategie KW - Kommunikationsmanagement KW - Forschung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48440 SP - 48 EP - 49 CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wullweber, Moses-Gereon A1 - Uhrig, Martin A1 - Seidl, Tobias T1 - Von der Pflanzenstruktur zur Fahrzeugkühlung. Eine bionische Lösung zur passiven Luftregelung T2 - 11. Bionik-Kongress (24.-25.10.2025) in Bremen N2 - Die Zukunft automobiler Mobilität ist überwiegend elektrisch. Im Vergleich zu bestehenden Systemen ändern sich die Anforderungen an die Teilsysteme. Ein Luftstrom zur Kühlung von Komponenten wird nun vorwiegend benötigt, wenn das Auto steht (d. h. beim Laden) oder bei langsamen Geschwindigkeiten unter Volllast. Bisher werden in solchen Fällen aktiv angetriebene Lüfter verwendet, die Energie verbrauchen und Geräusche emittieren. Wir schlagen zur Komplexitätsreduktion ein passives adaptives System vor, das eine konvektionsgetriebene Kühlung ermöglicht. Das entwickelte System ist ein hoch adaptives Flachventil, das vom Hoftüpfel abgeleitet ist. Es wurde durch einen iterativen Designprozess entwickelt, der sowohl strukturelle als auch thermodynamische Simulationen einschloss. In Harthölzern und Koniferen ermöglichen Hoftüpfel den anspruchsvollen Transport vertikaler Flüssigkeiten, indem sie Schäden lokal begrenzen. Abhängig von der Struktur können sie sich bei plötzlichen Druckänderungen schließen und die Funktion von Ventilen übernehmen. Das Ergebnis des bionischen Entwicklungsprozesses ist ein flaches Ventil, das kostengünstig zu produzieren, langlebig, leicht, wartungsfrei und geräuschlos ist. Es ermöglicht das passive Umschalten der Luftstromerzeugung am Wärmetauscher der Kühlung zwischen natürlicher Konvektion oder einem aktiven Luftstrom, ohne dass komplexe Mess- und Steuersysteme erforderlich sind. Die geometrischen und materiellen Gestaltungsfaktoren ermöglichen eine einfache Anpassung des Ventils an die gewünschten Umschaltbedingungen während des Designprozesses. Hierfür wurden Festigkeitsprüfungen mit unterschiedlichen Materialien und Geometrien durchgeführt. Die auf dessen Basis erstellte Faustformel ist für Entwickelnde ein Hilfestellung, um ohne Finite-Elemente-Analysen die Geometrie und Materialien des Ventils auslegen zu können. KW - Bionik KW - Tüpfel KW - Ventil Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48423 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Springer, Raphael A1 - Schmitz, Alexander A1 - Leinweber, Artur A1 - Urban, Tobias A1 - Dietrich, Christian J. T1 - Padding Matters - Exploring Function Detection in PE Files: Data/Toolset T2 - CODASPY '25: Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy, June 4-6 2025, Pittsburgh PA USA N2 - Function detection is a well-known problem in binary analysis. While prior work has focused on Linux/ELF, Windows/PE binaries have only partially been considered. This paper introduces FuncPEval, a dataset for Windows x86 and x64 PE files, featuring Chromium and the Conti ransomware, along with ground truth data for 1,092,820 function starts. Utilizing FuncPEval, we evaluate five heuristics-based (Ghidra, IDA, Nucleus, rev.ng, SMDA) and three machine-learning-based (DeepDi, RNN, XDA) function start detection tools. Among these, IDA achieves the highest F1-score (98.44%) for Chromium x64, while DeepDi closely follows (97%) but stands out as the fastest. Towards explainability, we examine the impact of padding between functions on the detection results, finding all tested tools, except rev.ng, are susceptible to randomized padding. The randomized padding significantly diminishes the effectiveness of the RNN, XDA, and Nucleus. Among the learning-based tools, DeepDi exhibits the least sensitivity, while Nucleus is the most adversely affected among the non-learning-based tools. KW - Binary Code Analysis KW - Function Detection KW - Malware Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48386 SN - 979-8-4007-1476-4 VL - 2025 SP - 179 EP - 184 PB - Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beierlieb, Lukas A1 - Schmitz, Alexander A1 - Karazon, Anas A1 - Leinweber, Artur A1 - Dietrich, Christian J. T1 - EPT Switching vs. Instruction Repair vs. Instruction Emulation: A Performance Comparison of Hyper-Breakpoint Variants JF - Eng N2 - Virtual Machine Introspection (VMI) is a powerful technology used to detect and analyze malicious software inside Virtual Machines (VMs) from the outside. Asynchronous access to the VM’s memory can be insufficient for efficient monitoring of what is happening inside of a VM. Active VMI introduces breakpoints to intercept VM execution at relevant points. Especially for frequently visited breakpoints, and even more so for production systems, it is crucial to keep performance overhead as low as possible. In this paper, we present an empirical study that compares the performance of four VMI breakpoint-implementation variants—EPT switching (SLAT view switching) with and without fast single-stepping acceleration, instruction repair, and instruction emulation—from two VMI applications (DRAKVUF, SmartVMI) with the XEN hypervisor on 20 Intel Core i processors ranging from the fourth to the thirteenth generation. Instruction emulation was the fastest method across all 20 tested platforms. Modern processors such as the Intel Core i7 12700H and Intel Core i9 13900HX achieved median breakpoint-processing times as low as 15 µs for the emulation mechanism. The slowest method was instruction repair, followed by EPT switching and EPT switching with FSS. The order was the same for all measurements, indicating that this is a strong and generalizable result. KW - Virtual Machine Introspection KW - performance KW - benchmarking Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48375 VL - 2025 IS - 6(10), Special Issue Interdisciplinary Insights in Engineering Research PB - MDPI ER - TY - THES A1 - Arping, Bastian T1 - Dark LLMs im Kontext von OSINT: Prototypentwicklung und Analyse der Anwendung für die polizeiliche Gefahrenabwehr und Strafverfolgung in Nordrhein-Westfalen N2 - In dieser Arbeit wird der Einsatz von Dark LLMs zur Durchführung von OSINT-Recherchen im Rahmen der polizeilichen Gefahrenabwehr und Strafverfolgung in Nordrhein-Westfalen analysiert. Hierfür wird zunächst eine erste wissenschaftliche Definition des Begriffs Dark LLM erstellt. Anschließend werden relevante Dark LLMs vorgestellt, auf deren Gefahren aufmerksam gemacht und geeignete Gegenmaßnahmen erörtert. Danach erfolgt eine rechtliche Einordnung anhand mehrerer Gesetzestexte. Dann wird eine prototypische Entwicklung eines LLMs durchgeführt, welches für OSINT-Recherchen eingesetzt werden kann. Die rechtliche Analyse und die technische Implementierung ergeben, dass der Einsatz eines Dark LLMs in der polizeilichen Arbeit unzulässig ist. Zudem wird ein polizeiliches LLM nach der KI-Verordnung sowohl als Hochrisiko-KI-System als auch als KI-Modell mit allgemeinem Verwendungszweck eingestuft, wodurch sich etliche Pflichten ergeben, die ein LLM in ihrer Funktion einschränken. Trotz dieser Einschränkungen ist ein Einsatz eines solchen LLMs sinnvoll, denn dieses kann viele OSINT-Informationen sekundenschnell zu einer gebündelten Antwort zusammenfassen, was die polizeiliche Arbeit erheblich erleichtert. Durch allgemeines OSINT-Training und die Anbindung weiterer OSINT-Quellen kann die Qualität der Antwort deutlich verbessert werden. N2 - This paper analyses the use of dark LLMs to conduct OSINT research in the context of police hazard prevention and law enforcement in North Rhine-Westphalia. To this end, an initial scientific definition of the term dark LLM is first established. Subsequently, relevant dark LLMs are presented, their dangers are highlighted, and appropriate countermeasures are discussed. This is followed by a legal classification based on several legal texts. Then a prototype LLM is developed that can be used for OSINT research. The legal analysis and technical implementation show that the use of a dark LLM in police work is not permitted. In addition, according to the AI Regulation, a police LLM is classified as both a high-risk AI system and an AI model for general use, which results in a number of obligations that restrict the function of an LLM. Despite these restrictions, the use of such an LLM is useful because it can summarise a lot of OSINT information into a bundled response in a matter of seconds, which makes police work considerably easier. Through general OSINT training and the connection of additional OSINT sources, the quality of the response can be significantly improved. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Große Sprachmodelle KW - Large Language Model KW - Open Source Intelligence KW - Cyberkriminalität KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Dark LLM KW - OSINT KW - Polizei KW - Große Sprachmodelle Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48354 ER - TY - VIDEO A1 - Surmann, Hartmut A1 - Voigt, Niklas A1 - Kremer, Jan-Niklas A1 - Digakis, Niklas A1 - Meine, Julien A1 - Schulte, Max T1 - Thermal 360° micro drone: Operational exercise under a fire roller at the Dortmund fire house N2 - The 360° video shows an operational exercise of our new 360° + thermal camera video mini drone (18x18x18 cm) in the fire house in Dortmund. The thermal video is overlaid with the 360° video. The exercise was also accompanied by WDR (https://www.ardmediathek.de/video/wdr-dok/unser-leben-mit-ki-wie-kuenstliche-intelligenz-unsere-arbeit-revolutioniert/wdr/Y3JpZDovL3dkci5kZS9CZWl0cmFnLXNvcGhvcmEtODRjYWI5NjQtYjAxYS00NjdiLThjODgtYzViMGVmNTY3OThj from minute 7:16). The winds occurring during the fire are a particular challenge for the small drone and the pilot. KW - 360° thermal drone KW - UAV KW - firefighting KW - Drone KW - Thermal overlay Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-47600 ER -