TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Marco A1 - Goßling, Mareen A1 - Utu, Ion-Dragos A1 - Marginean, Gabriela T1 - Comparative Performance of Ni- and Fe-Based Mixed Alloy Brazed Coatings via Laser Remelting JF - Lubricants (Special Issue Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes) N2 - Traditionally, repairing coated substrates requires completely removing damaged, wear-resistant layers before recoating. This process leads to high costs, extended downtime, and material waste. Flexible brazing tapes, which are composed of alloy powder and an organic binder, offer an alternative to full coating removal for targeted repairs. Despite this, the process of vacuum brazing these tapes may lead to the formation of defects, including pores caused by trapped gases or residual binder, which compromise coating durability and corrosion resistance. This study focuses on the utilization of laser remelting as a method for post-processing nickel- and iron-based mixed alloy brazing tapes, with the aim of improving the integrity of the coating. Surface quality was assessed via microscopy and microhardness testing by systematically varying laser power, scanning speed, and hatch distance. Among the parameters studied, the most suitable laser parameter combination was found to be 350 W laser power, 250 mm/s scanning speed, and a hatch distance of 0.02 mm. These parameters yielded crack- and pore-free coatings with a remelting depth of 160.3 ± 17.2 µm and a microhardness of 701 ± 23 HV1, which is an 85% increase over as-brazed samples. Wear testing revealed a reduced coefficient of friction, and electrochemical corrosion tests showed lower corrosion current density and enhanced repassivation behavior in remelted coatings. These improvements demonstrate that laser remelting significantly enhances the microstructure, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion performance of brazed coatings, providing an effective method for localized repair while minimizing material consumption and processing duration. KW - brazing tapes KW - sliding wear resistance KW - reuse KW - repair KW - laser surface refining KW - remelting KW - corrosion protection Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49343 VL - 2026 IS - 14 (4) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westers, Daniel A1 - Nierhoff, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Andreas ED - Direktorium des Westfälischen Energieinstituts, T1 - Degradationsanalyse von Photovoltaikmodulen – Eine Langzeitstudie an der Westfälischen Hochschule Gelsenkirchen N2 - Photovoltaikmodule unterliegen im Betrieb verschiedenen Degradationsmechanismen, die zu Leistungsverlusten führen. Diese Studie[1] untersucht die tatsächliche Degradation ausgewählter Solarmodule der Photovoltaikanlage an der Westfälischen Hochschule Gelsenkirchen über einen Zeitraum von bis zu 23 Jahren[2]. Ziel ist es, die Langzeitstabilität verschiedener Modultechnologien unter realen Betriebsbedingungen zu evaluieren und Aussagen über die Qualität der Degradation zu treffen. Die Untersuchung umfasst PV-Installationen mit kristallinen Modulen (mono- und polykristallin), Dünnschichtmodulen (amorphes und mikrokristallines Silizium) sowie innovativen Heterojunction-Modulen (Sanyo HIT). Nach Auswertung der Ertragsdaten und Performance Ratio wurden zehn Module aus den einzelnen Anlagen selektiert und im Solarlabor mittels Sonnensimulator unter Standard-Testbedingungen (STC) vermessen. Ergänzende Elektrolumineszenz- und Thermographie-Analysen ermöglichten die Identifikation von Mikrodefekten, Zellrissen und Hot-Spots. Die Ergebnisse bezogen auf die Laborleistungsmessung zeigen Degradationsraten zwischen 0,16% und 0,65% pro Jahr, abhängig von der Modultechnologie. Polykristalline PeakonP-Module weisen durchschnittliche Verluste von 0,53% jährlich auf. Monokristalline Solon Black 230 Module zeigen geringere Degradation (0,37% p.a.), während rückseitenkontaktierte Solon Black 280 Module geringe Werte erreichen (0,16% p.a.). Heterojunction-Module (Sanyo HIT) zeigen eine Degradation von 0,64% p.a. Die Hauptdegradationsursachen sind lichtinduzierte Degradation (LID), potentialinduzierte Degradation (PID), Zellrisse und Delaminationen. Die meisten Module erfüllen oder übertreffen die Herstellergarantien von 90% nach 10 Jahren. [1] Die in diesem Beitrag präsentierten Ergebnisse basieren auf der Bachelorarbeit von Daniel Westers, die im FB 2 (Lehreinheit Elektrotechnik) der Westfälischen Hochschule im Jahr 2021 im Solarlabor unter Betreuung von Prof. Dr. Andreas Schneider durchgeführt wurde. [2] Alle zeitlichen Angaben in dieser Arbeit beziehen sich auf das Jahr der Bearbeitung der Bachelorarbeit. T3 - Schriftenreihe des Westfälischen Energieinstituts - 2 KW - Photovoltaik KW - Degradation KW - Langzeitstudie KW - Performance Ratio KW - Elektrolumineszenz KW - Thermographie KW - LID KW - Solarmodule KW - PID KW - Modulalterung Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49309 SN - 3053-3007 (eISSN) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Coester, Ulla A1 - Anderle, Laura A1 - Pohlmann, Norbert T1 - Trustworthiness needs for the use of AI solutions in business BT - Ethical and empirical considerations JF - Interaction Studies N2 - Using AI adequately is necessary for user companies to remain competitive. Studies show that nevertheless many companies are hesitant in this regard. In relation to the assumption that people’s ability to act is influenced by a lack of trust, particularly in the context of AI, we conducted a study as part of the TrustKI research project to analyze which factors are relevant to documenting trustworthiness in the context of AI. Our evaluation revealed that users demand holistic transparency; the provision of relevant information on the AI solution and proof of technical expertise is not sufficient to build trust, but there is a demand from users for specific information about the respective company. Based on the generally recognized components, we were able to identify further dimensions to provide the required information even more precisely. Thus, the study allows us to propose a preliminary set of information requirements for AI providers. KW - AI ethics; artificial intelligence; business alignment; holistic transparency; transparency; trustworthiness Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1075/is.24051.coe SN - 1572-0373 (Print) SN - 1572-0381 (eISSN) VL - December 2025 IS - Volume 26, Issue 2 SP - 298 EP - 325 PB - John Benjamins Publishing Company ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiem, Verena Katharina A1 - Kiessling, Claudia A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra T1 - Zugehörigkeit und mentale Gesundheit im Studium: Eine qualitative Studie zu Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund JF - Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung N2 - Hintergrund Studierende mit Migrationshintergrund berichten häufiger über ein geringeres Zugehörigkeitsgefühl („sense of belonging“), verbunden mit höherem Stress und erhöhter Abbruchneigung. Trotz dieser Relevanz liegen im deutschsprachigen Raum bislang kaum qualitative Untersuchungen zu diesem Thema vor. Ziel der Studie war es, das subjektive Zugehörigkeitserleben von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund zu rekonstruieren und dessen Bedeutung für die mentale Gesundheit zu analysieren. Methodik Die Untersuchung folgte einem qualitativ-explorativen, Community-basierten Design. An einer Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften im Ruhrgebiet wurden 28 Peer-Interviews mit Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund geführt. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels strukturierender qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz, theoretisch gerahmt durch die Social-identity-Theorie (Social-cure-Ansatz), den „Social Determinants of Health“-Ansatz und das „Study Demands-Resources“-Modell. Ergebnisse Zugehörigkeit erwies sich als zentrale Ressource für psychische Gesundheit. Fehlende Zugehörigkeit war mit emotionaler Erschöpfung, Demotivation und psychosomatischen Symptomen assoziiert, während erlebte Zugehörigkeit als Puffer- und Aktivierungsfaktor wirkte. Hochschulische Kommunikationskultur, soziale Dynamiken unter Studierenden sowie strukturelle Ungleichheiten beeinflussten das Zugehörigkeitserleben maßgeblich. Schlussfolgerung Zugehörigkeit stellt eine sozial und institutionell gestaltbare Gesundheitsdeterminante dar. Maßnahmen der Gesundheitsförderung sollten strukturelle, soziale und organisationale Bedingungen in den Blick nehmen, die Zugehörigkeit stärken, etwa durch transparente Regeln, wertschätzende Kommunikation und inklusive Lernumgebungen. KW - Soziale Zugehörigkeit KW - Studierende mit Migrationshintergrund KW - Community Health Forschung KW - Studierendengesundheit KW - Hochschulische Gesundheitsförderung KW - Social sense of belonging KW - Students with migration background KW - Community health research KW - Higher education health KW - Health promotion in higher education Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49170 VL - 2026 IS - 1 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vieregge, Jaqueline A1 - Sutter, Christine A1 - Sülzenbrück, Sandra T1 - Steigerung der Arbeitszufriedenheit durch die Berücksichtigung von Hochsensibilität in modernen Arbeitsumgebungen JF - Wirtschaftspsychologie. Gesundheit in der Arbeitswelt N2 - Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS; Hochsensibilität) ist durch eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Umweltreizen – sowohl positiven als auch negativen Reizen – gekennzeichnet. Aktuelle Studien identifizieren zwei Facetten des Konstrukts: Vantage-Sensitivität (repräsentiert durch ästhetische Sensitivität) und Vulnerable-Sensitivität (bestehend aus niedriger sensorischer Schwelle und leichter Erregbarkeit) (Pluess & Belsky, 2013; Wyrsch, 2020). Seit der wegweisenden Studie von Aron und Aron (1997) konzentrierte sich der Großteil der empirischen Forschung auf die allgemeinen Merkmale von Hochsensibilität, insbesondere auf die negativen Konsequenzen (Greven et al., 2019). Nur wenige Studien untersuchten die Hochsensibilität im organisatorischen Kontext und berücksichtigten dabei auch die positiven Effekte von Hochsensibilität. Basierend auf dem Job-Characteristics-Modell von Hackman und Oldham (1976) schließen wir diese Forschungslücke, indem wir moderierende Effekte der Hochsensibilität auf die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Arbeitsmerkmalen Autonomie und Aufgabenvielfalt auf die Arbeitszufriedenheit als organisationale Outcome-Variable untersuchen. Wir nehmen positive Korrelationen zwischen Arbeitsmerkmalen und der Arbeitszufriedenheit sowie einen positiven moderierenden Effekt von Hochsensibilität auf diesen Zusammenhang an. Die Ergebnisse unserer Studie (N = 719) bestätigen, dass die Hochsensibilität die Beziehung zwischen Autonomie und Arbeitszufriedenheit positiv moderiert. Gleichzeitig fanden wir jedoch auch negative Zusammenhänge zwischen vulnerabler Sensitivität und Arbeitszufriedenheit. Hinsichtlich der Aufgabenvielfalt konnten moderierende Effekte ausschließlich für die Vantage-Sensitivität festgestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass sich die Zufriedenheit der Mitarbeitenden und gleichzeitig die Performance des Unternehmens verbessert werden können,n wenn moderne Arbeitsumgebungen Persönlichkeitseigenschaften wie Hochsensibilität im Arbeitsumfeld berücksichtigen. N2 - Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is characterized by a higher sensitivity to environmental stimuli, both positive and negative. Recent studies have shown two construct facets of SPS, vantage sensitivity (represented by aesthetic sensitivity) and vulnerable sensitivity (which consists of low sensory threshold and ease of excitation) (Pluess & Belsky, 2013), Wyrsch, 2020). Since the seminal publication by Aron and Aron (1997), most empirical studies focused on SPS characteristics in general and especially on the negative consequences of SPS (Greven et al., 2019). However, only a few studies focused on SPS in the organizational context and also targeted the positive effects of SPS. Based on the Job Characteristic model by Hackman and Oldham (1976), we addressed this research gap by investigating the moderating effects of SPS on associations between the job characteristics autonomy and task variety and job satisfaction as an organizational outcome variable. We assumed a positive correlation between job characteristics and job satisfaction and a positive moderating effect of SPS. The survey study results (N = 719) confirm that SPS positively moderates the relationship between autonomy and job satisfaction. However, we also found negative relationships between vulnerable sensitivity and job satisfaction. Regarding task variety, we only found moderating effects for vantage sensitivity. Our findings demonstrate that employees' satisfaction and organizational outcomes could be optimized if modern working environments consider personality traits such as the level of SPS within the workplace. T2 - Increasing job satisfaction by considering sensory processing sensitivity in modern working environments KW - Arbeitszufriedenheit KW - Hochsensibilität KW - moderne Arbeitsumgebungen KW - Arbeitsmerkmale KW - Umweltsensitivität KW - job satisfaction KW - sensory processing sensitivity KW - modern working environments KW - job characteristics KW - Environmental Sensitivity Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2440/004-0069 VL - 2025-3 IS - 27 SP - 306 EP - 321 PB - Pabst Science Publishers CY - Lengerich ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ganser, Alina A1 - Rühmkorf, Andreas T1 - ESG in Germany: From the European Green Deal to the Supply Chain Due Diligence Act JF - Amicus curiae : the journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies, Series 2 N2 - This article discusses the trend towards environmental, social and governance (ESG)-related laws in Germany in the context of Germany’s membership of the European Union (EU). As an EU member state, Germany is subject to a wave of recent directives and regulations that the EU passed as part of its so-called “European Green Deal”. However, Germany also has its own tradition of promoting the goal of sustainability in the law, including company law. The article first distinguishes relevant terminology as some regulations refer to ESG, whereas others to “sustainability”. It then traces the historic development of such laws in German law, including the traditional debate about the interest of the company in German law. This discussion is followed by a case study that critically examines the German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act of 2021 that continues to be subject to heated political discussions. The article demonstrates how ESG has, in recent years, become a compliance issue in Germany that is now a matter of consideration for boards. KW - sustainability KW - supply chain KW - LkSG KW - company law KW - implementation KW - Germany KW - corporate governance KW - compliance KW - human rights KW - ESG Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49184 SN - 2048-481X VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 695 EP - 718 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Marco A1 - Utu, Ion-Dragos A1 - Sirbu, Nicusor-Alin A1 - Perianu, Ion-Aurel A1 - Predu, Denis Andrei A1 - Marginean, Gabriela T1 - Microstructural Characteristics of Graded Ni-Fe Coatings Fabricated Through DED-L JF - Materials (Special Issue Advanced Coating Research for Metal Surface Protection) N2 - Directed Energy Deposition-Laser (DED-L) enables high-performance coatings through melting and successive powder deposition. Its compositional flexibility suits functionally graded layers that enhance corrosion and wear resistance. This study aimed to improve parameters for producing dense, defect-free, graded Ni- and Fe-based coatings by varying the scanning speed and deposition strategy (monodirectional versus bidirectional, with/without layer rotation), while keeping the power and hatch distance constant. Laser and electron microscopy were used to link parameters to porosity and uniformity. Optimal settings minimized pores, improved interlayer bonding and preserved geometry; inadequate parameters yielded porous, irregular deposits. A bidirectional path with 90° rotation appeared best. Ongoing research activities are needed to assess its properties. Highlights What are the main findings? - Bidirectional samples show fewer pores than samples with monodirectional movement. - Increasing the scanning speed leads to lower porosity (bidirectional scanning mode with 90° layer rotation). - Bidirectional deposition with 90° layer rotation exhibits best quality What are the implications of the main findings? - Systematic study of scanning speed and deposition strategy. - Practical guidance for process improvement of graded metal coatings; properties under evaluation. - Functionally graded Ni-Fe coatings fabricated by DED-L with tailored microstructures. KW - parameter study KW - directed energy deposition-laser KW - functionally graded materials KW - deposition strategy KW - powder processing KW - surface protection Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49138 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 2026 IS - 19 (2) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rout, Surya Snata A1 - Kentsch, Ulrich A1 - Dohmen, Ralf A1 - Traeger, Franziska A1 - Das, Swarna Prava A1 - Becker, Hans-Werner A1 - Facsko, Stefan A1 - Ritter, Martin ED - American Astronomical Society, T1 - High-temperature He+ Irradiation of Low-iron-bearing Olivine: Laboratory Simulations of Space Weathering on Mercury JF - The Planetary Science Journal N2 - The surface of Mercury is highly space weathered, and the products of space weathering are different than on the Moon. Here we simulate the interaction of solar wind ions with the surface of Mercury by implanting low-iron-bearing (∼3 wt% Fe) olivine slices with 4 keV He+ ions both under ambient conditions and at 450 °C during the irradiation. The sample irradiated under ambient conditions shows a ∼140 nm thick partially amorphous layer on top of the grain with high concentrations of bubbles and cavities. However, the sample irradiated at 450 °C has a 110–140 nm thick polycrystalline layer with 1–5 nm sized nanoparticles of metallic iron and no bubbles or cavities. Mg atoms are preferentially sputtered from the ion-damaged layer present on the sample irradiated under ambient conditions, but no difference in composition is seen between the crystalline olivine and the ion-damaged layer in the sample irradiated at 450 °C. In addition, a thin amorphous film deposited on a micro-electromechanical systems–based chip is heated up to 1200 °C in situ inside a transmission electron microscope for a few milliseconds, and it produced nanoparticles of size 5–30 nm. Our results show that solar wind irradiation of low-iron-bearing olivine in the equatorial regions of Mercury will produce nanoparticles of iron whose sizes will be larger than that on the surface of the Moon and that the size will further increase during impacts of dust particles. Solar-wind-implanted He can diffuse out of regolith grains and can be a source of He observed in the exosphere of Mercury. KW - Mercury (planet) KW - Solar wind KW - Planetary surfaces Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49120 SN - 2632-3338 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 6, Number 11 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bergmans, Bernhard ED - Bergmans, Bernhard ED - Marquardt, Ralf-Michael T1 - Merkmale und Einflussfaktoren des Studienerfolgs in wirtschaftsjuristischen Bachelor-Studiengängen. Eine empirische Untersuchung JF - ReWir - Recklinghäuser Beiträge zu Recht und Wirtschaft N2 - Der Aufsatz untersucht anhand empirischer Daten zu ca. 400 Studierenden wirtschaftsjuristischer Bachelor-Studiengänge an der Westfälischen Hochschule eine Reihe etablierter und neuer Indikatoren für den Studienerfolg. Insbesondere schulnotenbezogene Prädiktoren erweisen sich dabei als nur noch bedingt aussagefähig, andere bekannte (insbes. Motivationslevel) und neue (insbes. Berufsausbildung vor dem Studium) erweisen sich als verlässliche, wenn auch nicht starke Prädiktoren. T3 - ReWir. Recklinghäuser Beiträge zu Recht und Wirtschaft - 70/2025 KW - Studienerfolg KW - Wirtschaftsrecht KW - Bachelor KW - Schulabschlussnote KW - Westfälische Hochschule Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49114 SN - 2191-866X VL - 2025 IS - 70 PB - Logos Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Otterpohl, Florian A1 - Nalbach, Peter A1 - Paladino, Elisabetta A1 - Falci, Giuseppe A. A1 - Thorwart, Michael T1 - Quantum 1/f^η noise induced relaxation in the spin-boson model JF - Physical Review Research N2 - We extend the spin-boson model of open quantum systems to the regime of quantum 1/𝑓^𝜂 noise characterized by negative exponents of its spectral distribution. Using the numerically exact time-evolving matrix product operator, we find the dynamic regime diagram, including pseudocoherent dynamics controlled by quantum 1/𝑓^𝜂 noise. We determine the dephasing rate and find for it an empirical formula valid at zero temperature. The bath reorganization energy depends on the infrared bath cutoff frequency, revealing an increased sensitivity of the dephasing on the measurement time of an experiment. Our results apply to a qubit as an elementary building block of a quantum computer and pave the way toward a quantum treatment of low-frequency noise in more complex architectures. KW - Quantum noise KW - Spin-boson model KW - Dynamical phase transitions KW - Open quantum systems & decoherence KW - Qubits KW - Non-Markovian processes KW - Tensor network methods Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49035 SN - 2643-1564 VL - 2025 IS - 7 PB - American Physical Society ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pattyn, Cedric A1 - Sciacqua, Dario A1 - Kwiedor, Lukas A1 - Jagodar, Andrea A1 - Strunskus, Thomas A1 - Traeger, Franziska A1 - Lecas, Thomas A1 - Kovacevic, Eva A1 - Berndt, Johannes T1 - Controlled deposition of plasma-polyaniline thin film by PECVD: Understanding the influence of aniline to argon ratio JF - Plasma Processes and Polymers N2 - Low pressure capacitively coupled radiofrequency plasmas operated in a mixture of aniline vapor and argon are used for the deposition of thin films on silicon substrates. The influence of the aniline vapor fraction in the gas mixture upon the plasma properties and the characteristics of the deposited thin film is analyzed. Plasmas diagnostics are carried out using mass spectrometry and optical emission spectroscopy and the thin films are characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. Experiments highlight that the use of a low aniline/argon ratio leads to the deposition of an amorphous film whereas high-aniline/argon ratios allow the synthesis of a plasma polymer similar to polyaniline. The properties of such plasmas and the mechanisms involved in the deposition process are discussed in detail. KW - mass spectrometry KW - NEXAFS KW - plasma KW - polyaniline KW - polymerization KW - XPS Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49095 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 19, Issue 5 PB - Wiley-VCH ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuznetsov, Vitalii A1 - Lu, Leran A1 - Koza, Michael Marek A1 - Rogalla, Detleff A1 - Foteinou, Varvara A1 - Becker, Hans-Werner A1 - Nefedov, Alexei A1 - Traeger, Franziska A1 - Fouquet, Peter T1 - Microscopic Diffusion of Atomic Hydrogen and Water in HER Catalyst MoS2 Revealed by Neutron Scattering JF - The Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - The design of novel and abundant catalytic materials for electrolysis is crucial for reaching carbon neutrality of the global energy system. A deliberate approach to catalyst design requires both theoretical and experimental knowledge not only of the target reactions but also of the supplementary mechanisms affecting the catalytic activity. In this study, we focus on the interplay of hydrogen mobility and reactivity in the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst MoS2. We have studied the diffusion of atomic hydrogen and water by means of neutron and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies combined with classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observed interaction of water with single-crystal MoS2 shows the possibility of intercalation within volume defects, where it can access edge sites of the material. Our surface studies also demonstrate that atomic hydrogen can be inserted into MoS2, where it then occupies various adsorption sites, possibly favoring defect vicinities. The motion of H atoms parallel to the layers of MoS2 is fast with D ≈ 1 × 10−9 m2/s at room temperature and exhibits Brownian diffusion behavior with little dependence on temperature, i.e., with a very low diffusion activation barrier. KW - Binding energy KW - Diffusion KW - Hydrogen KW - Molecules KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49089 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 126, Issue 51 SP - 21667 EP - 21680 PB - ACS Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiening, Annika S. A1 - Bergendahl, Jörn A1 - Leyton-Ortega, Vicente A1 - Nalbach, Peter T1 - Optimizing qubit control pulses for state preparation JF - Quantum Information Processing N2 - In the burgeoning field of quantum computing, the precise design and optimization of quantum pulses are essential for enhancing qubit operation fidelity. This study focuses on refining the pulse engineering techniques for superconducting qubits, employing a detailed analysis of square and Gaussian pulse envelopes under various approximation schemes. We evaluated the effects of coherent errors induced by naive pulse designs. We identified the sources of these errors in the Hamiltonian model’s approximation level. We mitigated these errors through adjustments to the external driving frequency and pulse durations, thus implementing a pulse scheme with stroboscopic error reduction. Our results demonstrate that these refined pulse strategies improve performance and reduce coherent errors. Moreover, the techniques developed herein are applicable across different quantum architectures, such as ion-trap, atomic, and photonic systems. KW - Control pulses for qubits KW - Quantum gate pulse design KW - Quantum computing KW - Chirp modulation KW - Superconducting qubits KW - Coherent errors Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-024-04613-5 SN - 1570-0755 VL - 2025 IS - 24 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rajan, Kohulan A1 - Weißenborn, Viktor A1 - Lederer, Laurin A1 - Steinbeck, Christoph A1 - Zielesny, Achim T1 - MARCUS: molecular annotation and recognition for curating unravelled structures JF - Digital Discovery N2 - The exponential growth of chemical literature necessitates the development of automated tools for extracting and curating molecular information from unstructured scientific publications into open-access chemical databases. Current optical chemical structure recognition (OCSR) and named entity recognition solutions operate in isolation, which limits their scalability for comprehensive literature curation. Here we present MARCUS (Molecular Annotation and Recognition for Curating Unravelled Structures), a tool designed for natural product literature curation that integrates COCONUT-aware schema mapping, CIP-based stereochemical validation, and human-in-the-loop structure refinement. This integrated web-based platform combines automated text annotation, multi-engine OCSR, and direct submission capabilities to the COCONUT database. MARCUS employs a fine-tuned GPT-4 model to extract chemical entities and utilises a Human-in-the-loop ensemble approach integrating DECIMER, MolNexTR, and MolScribe for structure recognition. The platform aims to streamline the data extraction workflow from PDF upload to database submission, significantly reducing curation time. MARCUS bridges the gap between unstructured chemical literature and machine-actionable databases, enabling FAIR data principles and facilitating AI-driven chemical discovery. Through open-source code, accessible models, and comprehensive documentation, the web application enhances accessibility and promotes community-driven development. This approach facilitates unrestricted use and encourages the collaborative advancement of automated chemical literature curation tools. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49019 VL - 2025 IS - 4 SP - 3137 EP - 3148 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Binder, Nele A1 - Costi, Leone A1 - Izzo, Dario A1 - Seidl, Tobias T1 - Quantifying Nature’s Bistability: Simulation of Earwig Fan Folding JF - Biomimetics N2 - In this work, a numerical tool is presented to simulate the dynamics of insect wing folding by example of the fan folding of the dermapteran hindwing. The scalability of the system is demonstrated by generalising the mechanical behaviour from the small geometry of the wing to a suitable scale for engineering applications, such as deployable structures for space applications. The tool is written in Python and based on the MuJoCo physics engine. Sections of the anal fan are modelled as a bar-and-hinge model with elastic tendons, allowing a high number of design parameters and fast computation. In light of these advantages, the wing folding and unfolding behaviour is investigated with respect to the tendon’s elastic properties and the actuation of the deformation. Bistability is characterised using a single tendon and the entire fan section. Given the upscaled geometry of the analysed section, the required tendon characteristics to transition between the stable states are identified within a reasonable range for technological transfer towards biomimetic structures modelled after the dermapteran hindwing. KW - biomechanics KW - Dermaptera KW - earwig KW - wing folding KW - bistability KW - MuJoCo Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49073 SN - 2313-7673 VL - 2026 IS - 11 (1) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Georg A1 - Peter, Grass A1 - Moeini, Ghazal T1 - Influence of electron beam modulation on deposition characteristics in directed energy deposition–electron beam additive manufacturing (DED-EB) of titanium JF - Welding in the World N2 - Directed energy deposition–electron beam (DED-EB) additive manufacturing is a highly promising process for the fabrication of titanium components, offering high deposition rates and precise process control under vacuum conditions. However, optimizing the deposition characteristics, such as dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and layer uniformity, remains a key challenge, partly due to the complex dynamics of heat input and melt pool behavior. This study examines the influence of electron beam modulation on these deposition characteristics by systematically varying beam deflection parameters, including frequency and pattern, during the wire-based additive manufacturing of titanium. The effects of beam modulation on wire melting, melt pool stability, layer formation, and overall build geometry were thoroughly evaluated. The results demonstrate that carefully controlled electron beam modulation enables significant improvements in deposition stability, surface finish, and control over geometric features, thereby enhancing process reliability and enabling the production of near-net-shape titanium components. Notably, a parameter set consisting of a circular beam deflection at an oscillation frequency of 500Hz and an overfocus setting of + 40 mA effectively minimized surface ripples and waviness, thereby enhancing process stability and yielding defect-free components. These insights contribute to advancing DED-EB as a viable solution for applications where high geometric accuracy and process efficiency are demanded. KW - additive manufacturing KW - directed energy deposition KW - wire feed process KW - electron beam oscillation KW - titanium Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-49006 SN - 1878-6669 VL - 2025 IS - Volume 69, Issue 12 PB - Springer Nature ET - Modified publication 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaper, Anna-Katharina A1 - Ettl, Kerstin T1 - Fifteenth anniversary of the 5M framework: an integrative literature review and future research directions for women’s entrepreneurship JF - International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship N2 - Purpose – To advance women’s entrepreneurship research,scholarsrequire a clearer understanding of how, and where, researchers have applied the field’s critical theoretical frameworks, as well as how extant studies have shaped the development ofthe frameworks and field of women’s entrepreneurship. This paper addresses this gap by conducting an integrative literature review (ILR) of Brush et al.’s (2009) 5 M framework article and proposes a conceptualization of 5 M framework research alongside future research directions for the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – Our study utilizes an ILR to analyze how researchers have leveraged the 5 M framework and what this reveals about its development and role in women’s entrepreneurship research. We draw on Scopus and Google Scholar databases to present a comprehensive review of all publications (n 5 944) that cite Brush et al.’s (2009) article (from 2009 to 2023), focusing on those works (n 5 87) which base their methodological or theoretical approach on the 5 M framework. Findings – Our ILR reveals that research using the 5 M framework can be conceptualized as consisting of four different layers: the specific contributions made by such research to the development of the 5 M framework itself; the key themes and mechanisms within women’s entrepreneurship addressed by this research; the methodological approaches applied; and the empirical contexts in which the framework dimensions have been employed. Research limitations/implications – Our study identifies pertinent literature gapsin women’s entrepreneurship and provides pathways for diversifying theory-building in the field. Originality/value – We analyze a prominent theoretical framework in the field of women’s entrepreneurship. Our analysis shows not only pathways for future women’s entrepreneurship research but also the status of the field and how researchers deal with existing frameworks, thus highlighting opportunities to go beyond the status quo. KW - Women entrepreneurship KW - 5M framework KW - ILR KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Gender Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48963 SN - 1756-6274 VL - 2025 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Gesetzliche Altersgrenze für Anwaltsnotare ist verfassungswidrig : BVerfG, Urteil vom 23.9.2025 – 1 BvR 1796/23 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 24 SP - 424 EP - 424 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruetzner, Irina A1 - Droege, Freya A1 - Kesten, Simone A1 - Geisthoff, Urban A1 - Hiepen, Christian T1 - Disrupted Vessels—Connected Voices: Why Patient Partnership and Cross-Disease Collaboration Are Essential for Accelerating HHT Research JF - Biomedicines N2 - Rare vascular diseases such as hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) represent a big challenge in biomedicine: complex pathomechanisms, limited patient material, and fragmented research communities slow down therapeutic progress. We argue that two elements are pivotal to bypass this problem. First, genuine partnership with patients—ranging from biospecimen donation to agenda setting—can unlock critical resources and align research with real-world needs. Second, molecular intersections between HHT and related pathologies call for coordinated, cross-disease programmes rather than isolated efforts. Recent multi-stakeholder gatherings hosted by patient organisations in Germany and elsewhere, such as the Second Scientific Symposium by the German HHT self-help group (Morbus Osler Selbsthilfe e.V.) in May 2025, have shown that when clinicians, basic scientists from different disciplines, and affected families co-design research questions, novel in vitro models can be generated more accurately, and pragmatic clinical trials emerge. Here, we outline actual opportunities for patient-integrated cellular model systems, shared biobanking, and comparative approaches across vascular malformation syndromes. In our opinion, letting informed and well-organised patient communities assemble such meetings opens unique opportunities twofold: on the one hand, the field can finally break out of its disease-specific silos; on the other hand, the development of novel HHT therapies could be accelerated by learning from progress in related pathologies. KW - HHT KW - Morbus Osler KW - vascular malformations KW - endothelial cells KW - BMP KW - ALK1 KW - endoglin KW - TGF-β KW - CCM Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1010-opus4-48953 SN - 2227-9059 VL - 2025 IS - 13 (12) PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienbracke, Mike T1 - Keine Landeskompetenz für Anschlusszusage für Postdocs de lege lata ; BVerfG, Beschluss vom 25.6.2025 – 1 BvR 368/22 ; [Anmerkungen] JF - Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht (GWR) Y1 - 2025 SN - 1868-1816 IS - 20 SP - 350 EP - 350 PB - Beck CY - München ER -