TY - JOUR T1 - Universitätsbibliothek Passau: Jahresbericht 2018 N2 - Jahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Passau für das Jahr 2018. T3 - Jahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Passau - 2018 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-6745 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stahlbauer, Andreas T1 - Abstract Transducers for Software Analysis and Verification N2 - Whenever software faults can endanger human life, property, or the environment, the absence of faults must be ensured with utmost care and the best technologies available. Evidence is needed showing that all requirements are satisfied and that the risk of faults is reduced. One technique to conduct such a verification task—composed of the software to verify, the specification to check, and a model of the environment—is software model checking. To conduct a verification task with a model checker, different models of the task are constructed. We distinguish between two types of task models: syntactic task models and semantic task models, which define the respective syntactic structure (control flow) and semantic structure (state transitions, invariants) of the verification task. When constructing such models, we can observe that similar structures and substructures reappear within and among different verification tasks. For example, the same assertions to check can appear in different functions, or the same predicate can be part of different invariants to describe sets of program states. Similarities that appear during the model construction process can be the result of solving similar reasoning problems, often solved using computationally expensive procedures (as typical for model checking), over and over again. Not reusing results of solving similar problems, not having a means for conducting repeated efforts automatically, or not trying to reduce the number of similar reasoning efforts, is a waste of precious resources. To address these problems, we present a common conceptual and technical foundation for sharing syntactic and semantic task artifacts for reuse, within and among verification runs. Both the syntactic construction of a verification task and the construction of its semantic model—which describes all possible behaviors and states—are covered. We study how commonalities and regularities in the task models can be taken into account to facilitate the process of sharing task artifacts for reuse, and to make the overall verification process more efficient and effective. We introduce abstract transducers as the theoretical foundation of this thesis: a type of finite-state transducers with an inherent notion of abstraction for states, the input alphabet, and its output alphabet. Abstracting these transducers allows us to widen both the set of input words for that they produce output and the sets of output words. Abstract transducers are instantiated as task artifact transducers to map from program structures to task artifacts to share. We show that the notion of abstraction provides a means for increasing the scope for that task artifacts are shared for reuse. We present two instances of task artifact transducers: Yarn transducers and precision transducers. We use Yarn transducers for providing code to weave into the control-flow structure of a computer program, and present the Loom analysis as a means for orchestrating the weaving process. Precision transducers provide a means for sharing abstraction precisions for reuse, thus aid in defining the level of abstraction of a semantic task model. For both types of transducers, we provide empirical evidence on their practical applicability, for example, to verify Linux kernel modules, and show that they can help in increasing the verification performance. KW - Program Analysis KW - Software Model Checking KW - Automata Theory KW - Transduktor KW - Formale Beschreibungstechnik KW - Modellgetriebene Entwicklung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8468 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Karlstetter, Wolfgang T1 - Forschungsdokumentation BT - Zu: Heinrich, H.-A. und Karlstetter, W. (2021): Begleitende wissenschaftliche Evaluation des Teilprojekts „Rettung der Flussperlmuschel in Niederbayern“. Dritte Evaluationsphase.Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8866 N2 - Das „Projekt zur Rettung der Flussperlmuschel in Niederbayern“ widmet sich der Aufzucht und Wiederansiedlung der Flussperlmuschel in Gewässern, in denen die zuvor heimische Muschel mittlerweile beinahe ausgestorben ist. Die Umsetzung des Projekts wird von einer wissenschaftlichen Evaluation begleitet, die relevante Akteure, die zur Rettung der Flussperlmuschel beitragen, identifiziert und Spannungsfelder oder Kompromissbereitschaft zwischen diesen aufzeigt (Heinrich / Karlstetter 2021). Die hier vorliegende Forschungsdokumentation umfasst den Projektbericht unterstützende Informationen. Dies sind die Interview-Transkripte, auf deren Basis eine Inhaltsanalyse durchgeführt wurde, Ergebnisse der Inhaltsanalyse, sowie das Anschreiben, mit dem die Interviewten kontaktiert wurden. KW - Actor-Network-Theory KW - Flussperlmuschel KW - Interessenkonflikt KW - Leitfadeninterview KW - Naturschutz Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8880 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thomas, Lil Helle T1 - Architektonische Grenzgänge zwischen Raum und Wahrnehmung Das Sanatorium Purkersdorf N2 - Der Einfühlungsbegriff ist während des Fin de siècle eng verknüpft mit der medizinischen Erforschung der Nerven- und Muskelempfindungen. Es erscheint daher konsequent, diese Verbindung von medizinischer Praxis und psychologisierender Ästhetik in der Architektur am Beispiel eines Sanatoriums der Jahrhundertwende nachzuvollziehen. Jener Beziehung von Ausdruck und Eindruck einer Wiener Raumkunst beziehungsweise der Relation von Bauwerk und dessen Benutzer soll im Folgenden am Beispiel des Sanatoriums Purkersdorf nachgegangen werden. T3 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online - 2018.4.10 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-7896 SN - 2364-9224 SP - 261 EP - 283 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zolles, Christian T1 - Der Wald des Mittelalters N2 - ‚Der Wald des Mittelalters‘ soll im Folgenden nicht allein als historisches Dokument beschäftigen – als kultureller Text im 11. bis 13. Jahrhundert, dessen Bedeutung von einem System symbolischer Formen (Ernst Cassirer) oder den Organisationsniveaus einer Semiosphäre (Jurij M. Lotman) bestimmt wird. Ergänzt um den Faktor des historischen Archivs steht darüber hinaus die Form seiner Erinnerung zur Diskussion, wodurch er vielmehr als historisches Monument erscheint (Michel Foucault), als Palimpsest, dessen verblasste Inschriften Zeugnis vom Wechsel historischer Vorschriften abgeben. T3 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online - 2018.4.12 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-7901 SN - 2364-9224 SP - 285 EP - 312 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Hedwig T1 - Daten – Räume – Datenräume N2 - Im Folgenden soll die kategorielle Ausdifferenzierung zwischen dem Spannungsverhältnis von Kartographie, Navigation und Technologie anhand zweier Klassifizierungsschemata, dem von Manuel Schramm und dem von Martin Dodge und Rob Kitchin beleuchtet werden und mit der Untersuchung von Pablo Abend ergänzt werden. Die Arbeiten sollen in ihrem bisherigen Forschungsstand aufgezeigt, kritisch überprüft und hier logisch erweitert werden. T3 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online - 2018.4.13 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-7911 SN - 2364-9224 SP - 313 EP - 326 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Konstantakopoulos, Theodorus T1 - Inklusionen, Exklusionen, Implikationen N2 - Wir beginnen mit einem performativen Paradigma einer tropologischen Exklusion, indem wir als ein wir die Frage in den Raum stellen, warum die prekären Substitute unseres Logos die Grenzen seiner Leistung bestimmen, obwohl sie weder wahr noch falsch, weder möglich noch unmöglich sind. Anders gefragt: Wie kann etwas ohne abgeschlossenen und abschließbaren Sinn, wie das Unbegriffliche im Sinne Hans Blumenbergs oder die den sprachlichen Spuren inhärente différance im Sinne Jaques Derridas, einen bedeutenden semantischen Einfluss auf das anthropologische Bedürfnis nach Gewissheit und geregelten Strukturen haben? T3 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online - 2018.4.14 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-7921 SN - 2364-9224 SP - 327 EP - 345 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Universitätsbibliothek Passau: Jahresbericht 2019 N2 - Jahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Passau für das Jahr 2019. T3 - Jahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Passau - 2019 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8670 CY - Passau ER - TY - THES A1 - Ihl, Andreas T1 - Four investigations of arising phenomena in contemporary work settings: the cases of mindfulness practices and crowdworking online platforms N2 - New arising phenomena in the occupational realm strongly shape contemporary work settings. These developments heavily affect how individuals work within and beyond organizational boundaries. Two phenomena associated with the changing nature of work have been especially prevalent in work settings and intensively discussed in public debates. First, organizations started to introduce mindfulness practices to their workforce. Rooted in spirituality and formerly used in clinical therapy, mindfulness is applied as a human resource development practice to train employees and managers to cope with the increased work intensification. Second, digitization and the importance of individualization opened up the path for work settings beyond organizational boundaries on crowdworking online platforms. On these online platforms, workers process tasks independently and remotely. Research just started to address the implications and meaning of mindfulness practices in organizations and the rise of crowdworking platforms. Several questions remain unanswered. This dissertation addresses unanswered but pressing questions related to these two phenomena shaping contemporary work settings. Structured in four essays the first two essays address the application and meaning of mindfulness practices. The first essay analyzes the meaning and interpretations of these new practices within organizations. The second essay takes contextual factors of the organizational environment into account and investigates their relevance for the successful implementation of mindfulness practices. The second two essays are dedicated to work attitudes and behavior on crowdworking online platform. Essay three captures individuals’ motivation for working on such platforms and their effects for workers’ work performance. The last essay deals with the role of professional crowdworking online communities in the work experience and asses the effects of social support in these communities on occupational identification, work meaningfulness and finally on work engagement. Each essay in this dissertation generates new insights on arising phenomena in contemporary work settings. They address several timely yet unanswered research questions for these rising phenomena and thereby offer a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the role mindfulness practices and crowdworking online platforms play in the context of the future of work. KW - Future of work KW - Work settings KW - Arising phenomena KW - Mindfulness practices KW - Crowdworking online platforms KW - Organisation KW - Organisationsverhalten KW - Arbeitsbeziehungen KW - Crowdworking KW - Digitalisierung KW - Achtsamkeit Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8696 ER - TY - THES A1 - Garchery, Mathieu T1 - User-centered intrusion detection using heterogeneous data N2 - With the frequency and impact of data breaches raising, it has become essential for organizations to automate intrusion detection via machine learning solutions. This generally comes with numerous challenges, among others high class imbalance, changing target concepts and difficulties to conduct sound evaluation. In this thesis, we adopt a user-centered anomaly detection perspective to address selected challenges of intrusion detection, through a real-world use case in the identity and access management (IAM) domain. In addition to the previous challenges, salient properties of this particular problem are high relevance of categorical data, limited feature availability and total absence of ground truth. First, we ask how to apply anomaly detection to IAM audit logs containing a restricted set of mixed (i.e. numeric and categorical) attributes. Then, we inquire how anomalous user behavior can be separated from normality, and this separation evaluated without ground truth. Finally, we examine how the lack of audit data can be alleviated in two complementary settings. On the one hand, we ask how to cope with users without relevant activity history ("cold start" problem). On the other hand, we seek how to extend audit data collection with heterogeneous attributes (i.e. categorical, graph and text) to improve insider threat detection. After aggregating IAM audit data into sessions, we introduce and compare general anomaly detection methods for mixed data to a user identification approach, designed to learn the distinction between normal and malicious user behavior. We find that user identification outperforms general anomaly detection and is effective against masquerades. An additional clustering step allows to reduce false positives among similar users. However, user identification is not effective against insider threats. Furthermore, results suggest that the current scope of our audit data collection should be extended. In order to tackle the "cold start" problem, we adopt a zero-shot learning approach. Focusing on the CERT insider threat use case, we extend an intrusion detection system by integrating user relations to organizational entities (like assignments to projects or teams) in order to better estimate user behavior and improve intrusion detection performance. Results show that this approach is effective in two realistic scenarios. Finally, to support additional sources of audit data for insider threat detection, we propose a method representing audit events as graph edges with heterogeneous attributes. By performing detection at fine-grained level, this approach advantageously improves anomaly traceability while reducing the need for aggregation and feature engineering. Our results show that this method is effective to find intrusions in authentication and email logs. Overall, our work suggests that masquerades and insider threats call for different detection methods. For masquerades, user identification is a promising approach. To find malicious insiders, graph features representing user context and relations to other entities can be informative. This opens the door for tighter coupling of intrusion detection with user identities, roles and privileges used in IAM solutions. KW - Anomalie KW - Authenitifikation KW - Computersicherheit Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8704 ER -